Lactobacillus species increase the survival of Galleria mellonella infected with Candida albicans and non–albicans Candida clinical isolates

2018 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 391-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafaella Braga Santos ◽  
Liliana Scorzoni ◽  
Andressa Mayumi Namba ◽  
Rodnei Dennis Rossoni ◽  
Antonio Olavo Cardoso Jorge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Lactobacillus Species

scholarly journals Robust, Comprehensive Molecular, and Phenotypical Characterisation of Atypical Candida albicans Clinical Isolates From Bogotá, Colombia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanni Rodríguez-Leguizamón ◽  
Andrés Ceballos-Garzón ◽  
Carlos F. Suárez ◽  
Manuel A. Patarroyo ◽  
Claudia M. Parra-Giraldo
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Opportunistic Pathogen ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Cluster Membership ◽  
Protein Mass ◽  
Molecular Tests ◽  
Well Differentiated ◽  
Clade 1

Candida albicans is commensal in human microbiota and is known to be the commonest opportunistic pathogen, having variable clinical outcomes that can lead to up to 60% mortality. Such wide clinical behaviour can be attributed to its phenotypical plasticity and high genetic diversity. This study characterised 10 Colombian clinical isolates which had already been identified as C. albicans by molecular tests; however, previous bioinformatics analysis of protein mass spectra and phenotypical characteristics has shown that this group of isolates has atypical behaviour, sharing characteristics of both C. africana and C. albicans. This study was aimed at evaluating atypical isolates’ pathogenic capability in the Galleria mellonella model; susceptibility profiles were determined and MLST was used for molecular characterisation. Cluster analysis, enabling unbiased bootstrap to classify the isolates and establish their cluster membership and e-BURST, was used for establishing clonal complexes (CC). Both approaches involved using representative MLST data from the 18 traditional C. albicans clades, as well as C. albicans-associated and minor species. Ten atypical isolates were distributed as follows: 6/10 (B71, B41, B60, R6, R41, and R282) were grouped into a statistically well-supported atypical cluster (AC) and constituted a differentiated CC 6; 2/10 of the isolates were clearly grouped in clade 1 and were concurrent in CC 4 (B80, B44). Another 2/10 atypical isolates were grouped in clade 10 and concurred in CC 7 (R425, R111); most atypical isolates were related to geographically distant isolates and some represented new ST. Isolates B41 and R41 in the AC had greater virulence. Isolate B44 was fluconazole-resistant and was grouped in clade 1. The atypical nature of the isolates studied here was demonstrated by the contrast between phenotypical traits (C. africana-like), molecular markers (C. albicans-like), virulence, and antifungal resistance, highlighting the widely described genetic plasticity for this genus. Our results showed that the atypical isolates forming well-differentiated groups belonged to C. albicans. Our findings could contribute towards developing molecular epidemiology approaches for managing hospital-acquired infection.

scholarly journals Galleria mellonella lysozyme induces apoptotic changes in Candida albicans cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 193 ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aneta Sowa-Jasiłek ◽  
Agnieszka Zdybicka-Barabas ◽  
Sylwia Stączek ◽  
Jerzy Wydrych ◽  
Krzysztof Skrzypiec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Galleria Mellonella

scholarly journals Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae Clinical Isolates: In Vivo Virulence Assessment in Galleria mellonella and Potential Therapeutics by Polycationic Oligoethyleneimine

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Dalila Mil-Homens ◽  
Maria Martins ◽  
José Barbosa ◽  
Gabriel Serafim ◽  
Maria J. Sarmento ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
In Vivo Model ◽  
Virulence Potential ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Klebsiella pneumoniae, one of the most common pathogens found in hospital-acquired infections, is often resistant to multiple antibiotics. In fact, multidrug-resistant (MDR) K. pneumoniae producing KPC or OXA-48-like carbapenemases are recognized as a serious global health threat. In this sense, we evaluated the virulence of K. pneumoniae KPC(+) or OXA-48(+) aiming at potential antimicrobial therapeutics. K. pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) and the expanded-spectrum oxacillinase OXA-48 isolates were obtained from patients treated in medical care units in Lisbon, Portugal. The virulence potential of the K. pneumonia clinical isolates was tested using the Galleria mellonella model. For that, G. mellonella larvae were inoculated using patients KPC(+) and OXA-48(+) isolates. Using this in vivo model, the KPC(+) K. pneumoniae isolates showed to be, on average, more virulent than OXA-48(+). Virulence was found attenuated when a low bacterial inoculum (one magnitude lower) was tested. In addition, we also report the use of a synthetic polycationic oligomer (L-OEI-h) as a potential antimicrobial agent to fight infectious diseases caused by MDR bacteria. L-OEI-h has a broad-spectrum antibacterial activity and exerts a significantly bactericidal activity within the first 5-30 min treatment, causing lysis of the cytoplasmic membrane. Importantly, the polycationic oligomer showed low toxicity against in vitro models and no visible cytotoxicity (measured by survival and health index) was noted on the in vivo model (G. mellonella), thus L-OEI-h is foreseen as a promising polymer therapeutic for the treatment of MDR K. pneumoniae infections.

Pathogenicity of Candida tropicalis and Candida albicans after gastrointestinal inoculation in mice

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 808-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
J R Wingard ◽  
J D Dick ◽  
W G Merz ◽  
G R Sandford ◽  
R Saral ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Lung Tissue ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Cytotoxic Drugs ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Gastrointestinal Mucosa ◽  
Compromised Host ◽  
Adult Mice

The ability of clinical isolates of Candida albicans and candida tropicalis to invade through normal and damaged gastrointestinal mucosa was determined. Adult mice were treated with either gentamicin or gentamicin and cytarabine. Suspensions of yeast cells (10(7)) were administered through a catheter intraesophageally. Invasion was determined by culturing liver, kidney, and lung tissue from mice sacrificed after 48 h. C. albicans and C. tropicalis were incapable of invading through normal gastrointestinal mucosa in mice treated only with gentamicin. Two isolates of C. tropicalis penetrated the damaged gastrointestinal mucosa in 69% (49 of 71) of mice treated with gentamicin and cytarabine. In contrast, three isolates of C. albicans penetrated he damaged gastrointestinal mucosa in only 23% (14 of 62) of mice. These results suggest that C. tropicalis is more capable of invading through damaged gastrointestinal mucosa than C. albicans. The observations in this mouse model parallel those seen in patients on cytotoxic drugs. Therefore, this model offers a tool for investigation of the pathogenicity of these organisms in a model analogous to the compromised host.

Comparison of 3 Alcohol Gels and 70% Ethyl Alcohol for Hand Hygiene

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 960-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirian Nicéa Zarpellon ◽  
Vanessa Sarto Soares ◽  
Natal Rodrigo Albrecht ◽  
Douglas Ricardo da Silva Bergamasco ◽  
Lourdes Botelho Garcia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Hand Hygiene ◽  
Serratia Marcescens ◽  
Ethyl Alcohol ◽  
Laboratory Study ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Human Volunteers

In a laboratory study, we demonstrated that 3 alcohol-based hand gels, commercially available in Brazil, were as effective as the traditional 70% ethyl alcohol (by weight) in removing clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, and Candida albicans from heavily contaminated hands of human volunteers.

scholarly journals Candida Albicans ERG11 Gene Polymorphism: Impact on Its In Vivo Virulence and Susceptibility to Fluconazole According to the Galleria Mellonella Model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcel Patindoilba Sawadogo ◽  
Adama Zida ◽  
Issiaka Soulama ◽  
Samuel S Sermé ◽  
Thierry Kiswendsida Guiguemdé ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Reference Strain ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Larval Mortality ◽  
Fungal Burden ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Strain Sc5314 ◽  
Resistant Strains

The aim of this study is to have an idea on the molecular mechanisms of C. albicans resistance to fluconazole in Burkina Faso, by studying the polymorphism of the ERG11 gene, and its implication in the C. albicans virulence and resistance in vivo according to the Galleria mellonella model; (2) Methods: Ten (10) clinical strains including, 5 resistant and 5 susceptible and 1 virulent and susceptible reference strain SC5314 are used. For the estimation of virulence, the larvae were inoculated with 10 μL of C. albicans cell suspension at variable concentrations: 2,5.105, 5.105, 1.106, and 5.106 CFU/larva of each strain. For the in vivo efficacy study, fluconazole was administered at 1, 4 and 16 mg/kg respectively to G. mellonella larvae, after infection by inoculum 5.106 CFU / larvae of each strain; (3) Results: Six (6) non-silent mutations in the ERG11 gene (K143R, F145L, G307S, S405F, G448E, V456I on ERG11p) were found in 4 resistant isolates. Larval mortality depended on fungal burden and strain. The inoculum 5.106 CFU caused 100% mortality in 2 days for the 2 CAAL-1 and CAAL-2 strains carrying the F145L mutation, in 3 days for the reference strain SC5314, in 4 days for the ensemble of resistant strains, and in 5 days for the ensemble of susceptible strains. The comparison of the mortality due to the reference strain SC5314 CFU / larva and the average mortality due to the two mutant F145L strains, shows a significant difference (P <0.05).Fluconazole significantly protected (P> 0.05) the larvae from infection by susceptible strains and the reference strain. However, 100% mortality in 6 days after injection of the resistant strains, was observed (4) Conclusions: Certain mutations in the ERG11 gene such as the F145L mutation are thought to be a source of increased virulence in Candida albicans. Fluconazole effectively protected larvae from infection by susceptible strains in vivo, unlike resistant strain

scholarly journals Three Related Enzymes in Candida albicans Achieve Arginine- and Agmatine-Dependent Metabolism That Is Essential for Growth and Fungal Virulence

mBio ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Schaefer ◽  
Jeanette Wagener ◽  
Ryan M. Ames ◽  
Stella Christou ◽  
Donna M. MacCallum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Open Reading Frames ◽  
Mammalian Host ◽  
No Production ◽  
Triple Mutant ◽  
Fungal Virulence ◽  
Content Type

ABSTRACT Amino acid metabolism is crucial for fungal growth and development. Ureohydrolases produce amines when acting on l-arginine, agmatine, and guanidinobutyrate (GB), and these enzymes generate ornithine (by arginase), putrescine (by agmatinase), or GABA (by 4-guanidinobutyrase or GBase). Candida albicans can metabolize and grow on arginine, agmatine, or guanidinobutyrate as the sole nitrogen source. Three related C. albicans genes whose sequences suggested that they were putative arginase or arginase-like genes were examined for their role in these metabolic pathways. Of these, Car1 encoded the only bona fide arginase, whereas we provide evidence that the other two open reading frames, orf19.5862 and orf19.3418, encode agmatinase and guanidinobutyrase (Gbase), respectively. Analysis of strains with single and multiple mutations suggested the presence of arginase-dependent and arginase-independent routes for polyamine production. CAR1 played a role in hyphal morphogenesis in response to arginine, and the virulence of a triple mutant was reduced in both Galleria mellonella and Mus musculus infection models. In the bloodstream, arginine is an essential amino acid that is required by phagocytes to synthesize nitric oxide (NO). However, none of the single or multiple mutants affected host NO production, suggesting that they did not influence the oxidative burst of phagocytes. IMPORTANCE We show that the C. albicans ureohydrolases arginase (Car1), agmatinase (Agt1), and guanidinobutyrase (Gbu1) can orchestrate an arginase-independent route for polyamine production and that this is important for C. albicans growth and survival in microenvironments of the mammalian host.

Detection of ERG11 Overexpression in Candida albicans isolates from environmental sources and clinical isolates treated with inhibitory and subinhibitory concentrations of fluconazole

Mycoses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josimary Morais Vasconcelos Oliveira ◽  
Josidel Conceição Oliver ◽  
Amanda Latércia Tranches Dias ◽  
Ana Carolina Barbosa Padovan ◽  
Ester Siqueira Caixeta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Subinhibitory Concentrations
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document