scholarly journals P1524ABSOLUTE BLOOD VOLUME AND VASCULAR REFILLING IN HAEMODIALYSIS PATIENTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Álvarez Nadal ◽  
Elizabeth Viera Ramírez ◽  
Irene Martin ◽  
Gloria Ruíz-Roso López ◽  
María Delgado Yagüe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Volume Overload ◽  
Intradialytic Hypotension ◽  
Noninvasive Method ◽  
Dialysis Duration ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Relative Blood Volume

Abstract Background and Aims The imbalance between UF and refilling rate is considered a major cause for intradialytic hypotension. Recent studies report a feasable and noninvasive method to estimate vascular refilling by determining absolute blood volume. It was the aim of this study to analyze absolute blood volume in a group of haemodialysis patients and to examine vascular refilling volume. Method Thirty stable chronic HD patients were studied (36,7% female, 63,3% male), aged 71,07 ± 13,31 years. Dialysis duration and UF requirements were based on physician prescription. Vascular refilling was calculated as: VREF = VUF – ΔV, where ΔV is the difference between absolute blood volume at the beginning and the end of dialysis. Relative blood volume monitor (BVM) was used. Hemodial Int. 2016;20(3):484–91. Results Absolute blood volume at the beginning of the dialysis was 6,27 ± 2,78 L (92,44 ± 32,66 ml/kg) and at the end 5,83 ± 2,77 L (85,94 ± 30,44 ml/kg). Ultrafiltration (UF) volume was 2,64 ± 0,82 L (11,14 ± 4,02 ml/kg/h). Vascular refilling was calculated as 2,24 ± 0,74 L, with a refilling fraction of 85,33 ± 11,07%. We found a strong correlation between refilling volume and UF volume (r2 0,861) (Figure 1), and a mild correlation between refilling volume and predialysis volume overload (r2 0,529). Conclusion Measurement of absolute blood volume is easy and noninvasive, and it allows us to study refilling volume. We found a strong correlation between UF volume and refilling volume.

scholarly journals P1243ABSOLUTE BLOOD VOLUME VARIATIONS INFLUENCED BY DIALYSATE TEMPERATURE DURING HAEMODIALYSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Álvarez Nadal ◽  
Irene Martin ◽  
Elizabeth Viera Ramírez ◽  
Milagros Fernandez Lucas
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Chronic Haemodialysis ◽  
Intradialytic Hypotension ◽  
Common Complication ◽  
Noninvasive Method ◽  
Volume Stability ◽  
Haemodynamic Stability ◽  
Relative Blood Volume ◽  
Haemodialysis Treatment ◽  
Dialysate Temperature

Abstract Background and Aims Intradialytic hypotension is a common complication in haemodialysis. Vascular refilling occurs to preserve haemodynamic stability. Recent studies report a feasible and noninvasive method to determine absolute blood volume, which would allow us to estimate vascular refilling during haemodialysis. During years, it has been proposed that lowering the dialysate temperature could improve intradialytic hypotension outcomes in patients undergoing chronic haemodialysis. The objective of this study is to analyze if lowering dialysate temperature modifies variations in absolute blood volume during haemodialysis. Method The study was performed in 51 patients under haemodialysis treatment. During two different sessions, relative blood volume was assessed using dialysate temperatures of 35.5ºC (cool dialysate) and 36.5ºC (neutral dialysate). Absolute blood volume and vascular refilling were calculated using Kron et al methodology (Hemodial Int. 2016;20(3):484–91). Intradialytic hypotension was defined as a systolic blood pressure below 85 mmHg or a drop of pressure above 20 mmHg accompanied by symptoms. Statistical analysis was performed using paired t-Test or Wilcoxon rank sum. Results 31 episodes of intradialytic hypotension were observed, 14 under cool dialysate and 26 during neutral dialysate. We did not found statistically differences in absolute blood volume or in refilling volume between cool and warm dialysate temperature. In the group of patients with intradialytic hypotension (Table 1) we observed lower drop in absolute blood volume in the 35.5ºC dialysate group (0.59 L) versus 36.5ºC group (0.72 L). Although no statistically significant differences were found in vascular refilling volumes, when cool dialysate was used refilling tended to be higher. Conclusion It seems that in selected groups of patients the use of cool dialysate could improve absolute blood volume stability during HD treatments, although further studies are needed.

Low-Intensity Intradialytic Exercise Attenuates the Relative Blood Volume Drop Due to Intravascular Volume Loss during Hemodiafiltration

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
José Rodríguez-Chagolla ◽  
Raúl Cartas-Rosado ◽  
Claudia Lerma ◽  
Oscar Infante-Vázquez ◽  
Raúl Martínez-Memije ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Hemodynamic Response ◽  
Intradialytic Hypotension ◽  
Volume Loss ◽  
Vascular Volume ◽  
Acute Response ◽  
Relative Blood Volume ◽  
Intradialytic Exercise ◽  
Cardiovascular Variables

<b><i>Introduction:</i></b> Patients in hemodiafiltration (HDF) eliminate volume overload by ultrafiltration. Vascular volume loss is among the main mechanisms contributing to adverse events such as intradialytic hypotension. Here, we hypothesize that the intradialytic exercise (IDEX) is an intervention that could improve the acute response of physiological mechanisms involved during vascular volume loss. To test this hypothesis, we evaluated the hemodynamic response to mild aerobic exercise during HDF. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Nineteen end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients (11 women: 40 ± 10.8 years old, and 8 men: 42 ± 21 years old) receiving HDF thrice a week, with 6 months of previous physical conditioning, participated in this study. Three HDF sessions were scheduled for each patient: 1 resting in supine position, 1 resting in sitting position, and 1 doing aerobic exercise. The first 2 sessions were taken as control. The ultrafiltration rate was set to 800 mL/h in each session. The hemodynamic response was monitored through the relative blood volume (RBV), and cardiovascular variables measured noninvasively by photoplethysmography. Adequacy variables such as Kt/V and percentage reduction of urate, urea, creatinine (Cr), and phosphate were also monitored. <b><i>Findings:</i></b> The decrease rate of the RBV was smaller in the session with IDEX compared to the sessions with no exercise. No differences were found neither in the cardiovascular variables nor in the adequacy variables among the 3 sessions. There were no hypotension events during the session with exercise, and 8 events during the sessions without exercise (<i>p</i> = 0.002). <b><i>Discussion:</i></b> Mild exercise during HDF decreased the RBV drop and was associated with less hypotension events. The lack of differences in the hemodynamic variables suggests an adequate acute response of cardiovascular compensation variables to intradialytic hypovolemia.

Designing Robust Ultrafiltration Rate Profiles Based on Identifying Fluid Volume Model Parameters During Hemodialysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rammah M. Abohtyra ◽  
C. V. Hollot ◽  
J. Horowitz ◽  
M. G. Germain ◽  
Y. Chait
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
Intradialytic Hypotension ◽  
Ultrafiltration Rate ◽  
Volume Model ◽  
Rate Profile ◽  
Relative Blood Volume

Chronic dialysis is a necessary treatment for end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) patients in order to increase life span, with hemodialysis (HD) being the dominant modality. Despite significant advances in HD technology, only half of ESKD patients treated with this modality survive more than 3 years. Fluid management remains one of the most challenging aspects of HD care, with serious implications for morbidity and mortality. Ultrafiltration has been associated with intradialytic hypotension, also associated with adverse outcomes. Therefore, removing a specified fluid volume to achieve an adequate balance without negative outcomes remains a critical challenge to improving patient outcomes. Therefore, it has been suggested that in addition to blood pressure information, routine HD treatments should include blood volume monitoring. Sensors integrated in dialysis machines are able to track the concentration of various blood components, such as hematocrit, with high accuracy and resolution and to derive a relative blood volume (RBV) changes. In this paper, we propose a novel algorithm to design an optimal, robust ultrafiltration rate profile based on identifying the parameters of a fluid volume model of an individual patient during HD and RBV sensor. Our design achieves, if exists, an optimal ultrafiltration profile for the identified nominal model under maximum ultrafiltration and hematocrit constraints, and guarantees that these constraints are satisfied over a pre-defined set of parameter uncertainty. We demonstrate the performance of our algorithm through a combination of clinical data and simulations.

scholarly journals Hemodialysis crossover study using a relative blood volume change-guided ultrafiltration control compared with standard hemodialysis: the BV-UFC study

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Susumu Ookawara ◽  
Kiyonori Ito ◽  
Takayuki Uchida ◽  
Keito Tokuyama ◽  
Satoshi Kiryu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crossover Study ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Primary Outcome ◽  
Fluid Management ◽  
Feedback System ◽  
Intradialytic Hypotension ◽  
Hemodynamic Stability ◽  
Automatic Feedback ◽  
Limited Application ◽  
Relative Blood Volume

Abstract Background It has been difficult to sufficiently achieve body-fluid management using blood volume (BV) monitor during hemodialysis (HD) with constant ultrafiltration (UF) rate. Recently, a relative BV change-guided UF control (BV-UFC) system was developed by combining the concepts of an automatic feedback system that could control the UF rate and profile with real- time monitoring of relative changes in BV (%ΔBV). However, this system has limited application in the clinical setting. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to perform the crossover study on HD with BV-UFC compared to standard HD in terms of hemodynamic stability during HD. Methods Forty-eight patients entered an 8-week crossover period of standard HD or HD with BV-UFC. Prevalence of intradialytic hypotension (IDH) as a primary outcome and changes in blood pressure (BP), differences in %ΔBV, and achievement of the target ultrafiltration volume as secondary outcomes were compared. IDH was defined as a reduction in systolic BP ≥20 mmHg from the baseline value at 10 min after HD initiation. Results No significant differences were found in the prevalence of IDH, frequency of intervention for symptomatic IDH, and achievement of the target ultrafiltration volume between the groups. The %ΔBV was significantly fewer (-12.1 ± 4.8% vs. -14.4 ± 5.2%, p <0.001) in the HD with BV-UFC than that in the standard HD. Conclusions HD with BV-UFC did not reduce the prevalence of IDH compared with standard HD. The relief of a relative BV reduction at the end of HD may be beneficial in patients undergoing HD with BV-UFC. Trial Registration UMIN, UMIN000024670. Registered on December 1, 2016.

scholarly journals Blood Volume Monitoring: A Clinical Tool to Guide Ultrafiltration in Volume Control and Optimisation of Intradialytic Blood Pressure

2021 ◽  
pp. 70-78
Author(s):  
Stephen Mahony ◽  
Frank Ward
Keyword(s):  
Blood Volume ◽  
Extracellular Volume ◽  
Volume Overload ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Volume Status ◽  
Volume Control ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Chronic Haemodialysis ◽  
Intradialytic Hypotension ◽  
Arterial Blood

The importance of extracellular volume control and avoidance of volume overload has been well documented in relation to the management of patients with chronic haemodialysis. Chronic volume overload results in poorly controlled hypertension, increased cardiovascular events, and increased all-cause mortality. Traditional methods of dry weight assessment have relied on clinical assessment to guide volume status. The challenge of achieving the balance between dry weights and preventing intradialytic complications is a formidable one. In order to achieve this, reproducible and sensitive methods are desirable to aid objective quantification of volume status. One such method is by the use of blood volume monitoring, which is achieved by real-time calculation of changes in relative blood volume via a cuvette placed in the arterial blood-line, which can be used to guide ultrafiltration targets during the haemodialysis session. This review article examines the use of blood volume monitoring as a tool to guide ultrafiltration during dialysis and to examine the current evidence to supports its use in assessing dry weight and in preventing intradialytic hypotension events.

scholarly journals Ovarian and Adrenal Androgens and Their Link to High Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Levels: A Prospective Controlled Study

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
René Rodríguez-Gutiérrez ◽  
Jesús Zacarías Villarreal-Pérez ◽  
Felipe Arturo Morales-Martinez ◽  
René Rodríguez-Guajardo ◽  
Gloria González-Saldivar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Hydatidiform Mole ◽  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background. Although the association between human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and hyperandrogenism was identified more than 40 years ago, relevant questions remain unanswered.Design and Methods. We conducted a prospective, longitudinal, and controlled study in 23 women with a diagnosis of a complete hydatidiform mole (HM).Results. All participants completed the study. Before HM evacuation mean hCG was markedly higher in the cases than in the control group (P≤0.001). Free testosterone (T) and dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) were found to be higher in the cases (2.78 ± 1.24 pg/mL and 231.50 ± 127.20 μ/dL) when compared to the control group (1.50 ± 0.75 pg/mL and 133.59 ± 60.69 μ/dL) (P=0.0001and 0.001), respectively. There was a strong correlation between hCG and free T/total T/DHEA-S concentrations (r=0.78;P≤0.001,r=0.74;  P≤0.001, andr=0.71;  P≤0.001), respectively. In the cases group 48 hours after HM evacuation, hCG levels were found to be significantly lower when compared to initial levels (P=0.001) and free T and DHEA-S declined significantly (P=0.0002and 0.009).Conclusion. Before uterus evacuation, hCG, free T, and DHEA-S levels were significantly higher when compared with controls finding a strong correlation between hCG and free T/DHEA-S levels. Forty-eight hours after HM treatment hCG levels declined and the difference was lost. A novel finding of our study is that in cases, besides free T, DHEA-S was also found to be significantly higher and both the ovaries and adrenal glands appear to be the sites of this androgen overproduction.

scholarly journals Effects of Relative Blood Volume???Controlled Hemodialysis on Blood Pressure and Volume Status in Hypertensive Patients

ASAIO Journal ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith J. Dasselaar ◽  
Roel M. Huisman ◽  
Paul E. de Jong ◽  
Johannes G. M. Burgerhof ◽  
Casper F. M. Franssen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Status ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Relative Blood Volume ◽  
Volume Controlled
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