scholarly journals Summary of the 9th Life Science Symposium: integration of nutrition and exercise sciences

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 40-45
Author(s):  
Motohiko Miyachi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Life Science ◽  
Health Science ◽  
Nutritional Epidemiology ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Health Promotion Program ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Food Ingredients ◽  
Science Symposium

Abstract The Life Science Symposium held by the Nutrition Research Committee of the International Life Sciences Institute (ILSI) Japan in 2018, “Fusion of Nutrition and Exercise Sciences Leading to Extension of Healthy Life Expectancy,” covered current topics in the science of nutrition and exercise to address extending healthy life expectancy. Presentation topics included (1) lifestyle and gut microbiota; (2) how to use lipids in sports nutrition; (3) the effect and molecular mechanism of improvement of arteriosclerosis by exercise and nutrition; (4) physical activity and nutrition that support brain function; (5) skeletal muscles and food ingredients that support healthy longevity; (6) measures against sarcopenia by exercise and nutrient intake; (7) physical activity/exercise for disease prevention; (8) nutritional epidemiology research for the Japanese population; (9) new developments in health science in viewed from nutrition and intestinal flora; (10) why do Asians develop nonobese metabolic disease?; and (11) social implementation of the health promotion program by ILSI Japan. The speakers emphasized the promotion of research on exercise and nutrition interactions and encouraged social implementation of the research results in public and private sectors.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Agility and Walking Ability in Elderly People

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 201-201
Author(s):  
Ken Yamauchi ◽  
Hiromichi Hasegawa ◽  
Akira Ogita ◽  
Tutomu Ichikawa ◽  
Shota Kagawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Successful Aging ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Walking Ability ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Ability Test ◽  
Response Test ◽  
Rod Response

Abstract An important aspect of independent living in a super-aging society is the achievement of “successful aging” in mind and body. Recent large-scale epidemiological studies found that reduced walking ability significantly affects “extended healthy life expectancy” and “successful aging.” In terms of anatomy and physiology, “usual aging” (i.e., the inevitable decrease in walking function due to aging) occurs unless one undertakes daily physical activity. Conversely, aggressive moderate and habitual physical activity may lead to “successful aging” (i.e., maintained and improved walking function). Previous studies revealed that agility and walking ability are related to healthy life expectancy. Thus, we measured agility with a stick response test to investigate its relationship to gait, and determined whether this test could be substituted for a battery test of walking ability. This test has the convenience of shortening measurement time and requiring a wider measurement place than gait evaluation performed by actually walking. Correlation was observed between the rod response test and stride length (r = 0.60), walking speed (r = 0.38), and walking ratio (r = 0.34). Therefore, we propose that the rod response measurement is simpler than a simple walking ability test and can be used as a physical function measurement item that predicts the health and longevity of the elderly.

DIAGNOSTICS OF THE CURRENT STATE OF HEALTHCARE IN RUSSIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 35-55
Author(s):  
N.P. STARYKH ◽  
◽  
A.V. EGOROVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
World Health ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Sociological Research ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Current State

The purpose of the article is to analyze the current state of healthcare in Russia. Scientific novelty of the study: the authors suggest that the efficiency of the health care system depends on the state of such indicators of public health as life expectancy and healthy life expectancy. Life expectancy is an integrated demographic indicator that characterizes the number of years that a person would live on average, provided that the age-specific mortality rate of a generation would be at the level for which the indicator was calculated throughout life. The indicator ‘healthy life expectancy’ is formed by subtracting the number of years of unhealthy life (due to chronic diseases, disabilities, mental and behavioral disorders, etc.) from the life expectancy indicator. Results: the article presents an analysis of the current state of Russian healthcare based on statistical data provided by the Federal State Statistics Service, the World Health Organization, and world rankings. Attention is focused on the perceptions of Russians about the quality of medical services and Russian healthcare. Conclusions about the current state of health care in Russia are formulated by the authors, based on a secondary analysis of statistical data, as well as data from sociological research presented by leading Russian sociological centers.

scholarly journals Changing Educational Gradients in Life Expectancy With and Without Disease Among U.S. Older Adults From 2000 to 2010

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 505-505
Author(s):  
Matthew Farina ◽  
Phillip Cantu ◽  
Mark Hayward
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Population Aging ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Vital Statistics ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Education Group ◽  
Education Groups

Abstract Recent research has documented increasing education inequality in life expectancy among U.S. adults; however, much is unknown about other health status changes. The objective of study is to assess how healthy and unhealthy life expectancies, as classified by common chronic diseases, has changed for older adults across education groups. Data come from the Health and Retirement Study and National Vital Statistics. We created prevalence-based life tables using the Sullivan method to assess sex-specific life expectancies for stroke, heart disease, cancer, and arthritis by education group. In general, unhealthy life expectancy increased with each condition across education groups. However, the increases in unhealthy life expectancy varied greatly. While stroke increased by half a year across education groups, life expectancy with diabetes increased by 3 to 4 years. In contrast, the evidence for healthy life expectancy provides mixed results. Across chronic diseases, healthy life expectancy decreased by 1 to 3 years for respondents without a 4-year degree. Conversely, healthy life expectancy increased for the college educated by .5 to 3 years. While previous research shows increases in life expectancy for the most educated, trends in life expectancy with chronic conditions is less positive: not all additional years are in lived in good health. In addition to documenting life expectancy changes across education groups, research assessing health of older adults should consider the changing inequality across a variety of health conditions, which will have broad implications for population aging and policy intervention.

scholarly journals Medical Research Council Hot Topic workshop report: Planning a UK Nutrition and Healthy Life Expectancy Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-408
Author(s):  
Jennifer Carter ◽  
John Mathers ◽  
Susan Fairweather‐Tait ◽  
Susan Jebb ◽  
Naveed Sattar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Medical Research ◽  
Research Council ◽  
Medical Research Council ◽  
Healthy Life Expectancy ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Workshop Report
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