GIS applications in Human Geography

Geography ◽  
2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Hunter
Keyword(s):  
Human Geography ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Critical Gis ◽  
Geography Of Religion ◽  
Philosophical Significance ◽  
Qualitative Gis ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Vantage Points ◽  
Mountain Geography

Human geography is the branch of geography concerned with how and why people organize themselves across space and interact with their environments. Human geographers conduct their research that underpins the subfields of human geography in many social arenas. These subfields range from the geography of religion and regional geographies to political geography and mountain geography, and more. As the largest branch of geography, much research in human geography has been produced that makes use of a geographical information system (GIS). A GIS is a computer program that stores, analyzes, and displays geographic data. Work by human geographers who incorporate GIS into their research tends to fall into one of two categories. First, there is the work that uses GIS as a straightforward tool of spatial analysis, spatial modeling, and geo-visualization. The topics of these research projects span all the subfields of human geography. Second, there is the work that examines the theoretical and philosophical significance of GIS within human geography. Informed from the critical perspectives of feminism, queer studies, Marxism, and others, these studies typically situate GIS within the discipline at fundamental levels of epistemology and ontology. This approach to studying GIS within human geography shifts the focus away from the output of a research project and toward the process of research itself. This article contains sample works from some of the most vibrant subfields of human geography in which GIS is being adopted to increase our knowledge of the human organization of space and human-environment interactions: Urban Geography, Hazards Geography, and Historical Geography. This review also includes sections that summarize key works from Critical GIS, Qualitative GIS, and Public Participation GIS that provide additional vantage points from which to appreciate the multifaceted application of GIS across human geography.

Use of geographical information systems in multiple sclerosis research: A systematic scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheil Hashtarkhani ◽  
Hossein Tabatabaei-Jafari ◽  
Behzad Kiani ◽  
MaryAnne Furst ◽  
Luis Salvador-Carulla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Thematic Mapping ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Comprehensive Search Strategy

Abstract Introduction: Geographical Information System (GIS) and spatial analysis have an emerging role in the understanding and management of health-related outcomes. However, there is a knowledge gap about the extent to which GIS has supported Multiple Sclerosis (MS) research. Therefore, this review aimed to explore the types of GIS applications and the complexity of their visualisation in MS research. Methods: A systematic scoping review was conducted based on York’s five-stage framework. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies published between 2000 and 2020 using a comprehensive search strategy based on the main concepts related to GIS and MS. Grounded, inductive analysis was conducted to organize studies into meaningful application areas. Further, we developed a tool to assess the visualisation complexity of the selected papers.Results: Of 3,723 identified unique citations, 42 papers met our inclusion criteria for the final review. One or more of the following types of GIS applications were reported by these studies: (a) thematic mapping (37 papers); (b) spatial cluster detection (16 papers); (c) risk factors detection (16 papers); and (d) health access and planning (two papers). In the majority of studies (88%), the score of visualisation complexity was relatively low: three or less from the range of zero to six. Conclusions: Although the number of studies using GIS techniques has dramatically increased in the last decade, the use of GIS in the areas of MS access and planning is still under-researched. Additionally, the capacity of GIS in visualising complex nature of MS care system is not yet fully investigated.

scholarly journals Social and geographical essence of regional research of religious sphere

2014 ◽  
pp. 292-300
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Social Geography ◽  
Human Geography ◽  
Regional Research ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Geography Of Religion ◽  
Sacred Geography

The classification of human geographical subjects, their common and distinctive features has been noted. The place of geography of religion in the system of human geographical sciences has been traced. The object and subject of study of geography of religion has been identified. The regional investigations of sphere of religion have been analysed and approaches to its study have been systemized. Key words: geography of religion, sacred geography, religious sphere, social geography, human geography.

The Value and Scope of GIS in Marketing and Tourism Management

2019 ◽  
pp. 706-723
Author(s):  
Mertcan Taşçıoğlu ◽  
Dursun Yener
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information System ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Marketing Theory ◽  
Dynamic Information ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
Engineering Statistics ◽  
Store Location

Geographical information systems (GIS) are the systems that store location-based data and analyze them. GIS originated from the conventional cartographic techniques of simply drawing maps with a pencil and board. Following the adoption of computer technology, GIS further evolved as a geo-referenced dynamic information system, which can today be considered as a multi-disciplinary instrument that links different disciplines like geography, computer science, remote sensing, civil engineering, statistics, marketing, and other social and behavioral sciences. In this chapter, GIS is defined and its importance and functions are described in detail. Usage of GIS in marketing is explained, especially its development in marketing theory. Also, the value and scope of GIS in tourism management with a view to understand the spread of GIS applications in tourism is explored.

scholarly journals Automatic generation of road network data from taxi GPS trajectories

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alborz Soltankhah-Bidkhti
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Gps Trajectories ◽  
Road Maps

Keeping road network databases up-to-date is crucial to Geographical Information System (GIS) applications such as road networking. The vector road centerlines extracted from field surveys and satellite images are expensive and labor intensive with long updating processes. The GPS data crowd-sourced by public transportation users, provides an expanding source for enhancing road maps because of its rich spatial-temporal coverage and reasonable level of accuracy. The overall objective of this project is to implement an optimized methodology, which generates road centerline from GPS data obtained from taxis in Beijing without using any reference plans. Since the dataset used in this project has longer time intervals between trajectories compared to previous studies, the extracted road network on straight road segments are more accurate than the extracted road network on highway ramps in this project.

scholarly journals A 3D CAMPUS APPLICATION BASED ON CITY MODELS AND WEBGL

2018 ◽  
Vol XLII-5 ◽  
pp. 161-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Buyukdemircioglu ◽  
S. Kocaman
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Information ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Data Types ◽  
3D City Models ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Gis Environment ◽  
Virtual Platform ◽  
Application Fields ◽  
City Models

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In parallel with the technological developments, the conventional ways of mapping and the presentation of the geospatial data have changed significantly. 3D city models including the digital terrain models (DTMs) have become important for many application fields, such as simulation and visualization tasks for navigation, urban planning, environmental monitoring, disaster management, etc. Although currently most 3D city models are employed for visualization purposes, their application areas are increasing continuously. The presentation of these models on the web is also becoming more common than before while overcoming the performance issues with newer data types and functionalities. The biggest advantage of using web browsers is that they can be accessed everywhere without any additional software requirements. Therefore, the tools for web-based implementations of virtual globes, which allow users to navigate their data in 3D, have been available with greater numbers of functionality they offer. Online virtual web globes provide a good base for the 3D Geographical Information System (GIS) applications as well. 3D city models have also become virtual environments where different spatial queries and analysis can be performed. As a part of a 3D WebGIS, a city model enriched with semantic information provides a virtual platform for decision makers and allows realistic simulations for planning. The main aims of this study are to develop a prototype of a 3D GIS environment for Hacettepe University Beytepe campus, including 3D building geometries enriched with semantic information and a high resolution DTM; and to design a web interface using an open source virtual globe.</p>

A Package-Based Architecture for Customized GIS

2010 ◽  
pp. 311-319
Author(s):  
Andrés Pazos ◽  
José Poveda ◽  
Michael Gould
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
User Authentication ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Version Control ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Server Side ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Component Architecture

In this chapter we present a package-based component architecture for the specific deployment and maintenance of public sector applications, specifically corporate Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The three-tier architecture defines a group of server-side packages, a kernel and external packages, that are dynamically requested and assembled at execution time according to the needs of individual users to produce on demand customized GIS applications. An intermediate middleware layer handles user authentication and version control. In order to demonstrate the proposed architecture, a practical prototype has been implemented using Java WebStart. This prototype demonstrates the creation of several GIS client applications, with increasing levels of functionality, and based on free software packages.

A Package-Based Architecture for Customized GIS

2013 ◽  
pp. 493-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Pazos ◽  
José Poveda ◽  
Michael Gould
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
User Authentication ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Version Control ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Server Side ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Component Architecture

In this chapter we present a package-based component architecture for the specific deployment and maintenance of public sector applications, specifically corporate Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The three-tier architecture defines a group of server-side packages, a kernel and external packages, that are dynamically requested and assembled at execution time according to the needs of individual users to produce on demand customized GIS applications. An intermediate middleware layer handles user authentication and version control. In order to demonstrate the proposed architecture, a practical prototype has been implemented using Java WebStart. This prototype demonstrates the creation of several GIS client applications, with increasing levels of functionality, and based on free software packages.

scholarly journals Automatic generation of road network data from taxi GPS trajectories

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alborz Soltankhah-Bidkhti
Keyword(s):  
Public Transportation ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Gps Trajectories ◽  
Road Maps

Keeping road network databases up-to-date is crucial to Geographical Information System (GIS) applications such as road networking. The vector road centerlines extracted from field surveys and satellite images are expensive and labor intensive with long updating processes. The GPS data crowd-sourced by public transportation users, provides an expanding source for enhancing road maps because of its rich spatial-temporal coverage and reasonable level of accuracy. The overall objective of this project is to implement an optimized methodology, which generates road centerline from GPS data obtained from taxis in Beijing without using any reference plans. Since the dataset used in this project has longer time intervals between trajectories compared to previous studies, the extracted road network on straight road segments are more accurate than the extracted road network on highway ramps in this project.

scholarly journals Automatic generation of road network data from smartphone GPS trajectories

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Niu
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Gps Trajectories ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Gps Devices

Keeping road network databases up-to-date is crucial to Geographical Information System (GIS) applications such as vehicle navigation. The vector road centerlines extracted from satellite images or in-car Global Positioning System (GPS) devices are likely to be inaccurate due to costly and labour intensive or long updating circle. The GPS data crowdsourced through smartphones provides an emerging source for refining road map due to its rich spatio-temporal coverage and reasonable level of accuracy. This thesis introduces an optimized methodology to automatically generate road network data from smartphone GPS data without using any reference maps. The horizontal accuracy of the extracted road centerlines, measured as a root mean square of 1.424 m and 1.252 m for curved and straight road segments respectively, is better than that of some existing road datasets. The outcome of this research will provide a new way of generating a more accurate and up-to-date road network databases.

scholarly journals Automatic generation of road network data from smartphone GPS trajectories

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zheng Niu
Keyword(s):  
Road Network ◽  
Automatic Generation ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Network Data ◽  
Gps Data ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Road Map ◽  
Gps Trajectories ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Gps Devices

Keeping road network databases up-to-date is crucial to Geographical Information System (GIS) applications such as vehicle navigation. The vector road centerlines extracted from satellite images or in-car Global Positioning System (GPS) devices are likely to be inaccurate due to costly and labour intensive or long updating circle. The GPS data crowdsourced through smartphones provides an emerging source for refining road map due to its rich spatio-temporal coverage and reasonable level of accuracy. This thesis introduces an optimized methodology to automatically generate road network data from smartphone GPS data without using any reference maps. The horizontal accuracy of the extracted road centerlines, measured as a root mean square of 1.424 m and 1.252 m for curved and straight road segments respectively, is better than that of some existing road datasets. The outcome of this research will provide a new way of generating a more accurate and up-to-date road network databases.

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