Use of geographical information systems in multiple sclerosis research: A systematic scoping review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soheil Hashtarkhani ◽  
Hossein Tabatabaei-Jafari ◽  
Behzad Kiani ◽  
MaryAnne Furst ◽  
Luis Salvador-Carulla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Thematic Mapping ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Comprehensive Search Strategy

Abstract Introduction: Geographical Information System (GIS) and spatial analysis have an emerging role in the understanding and management of health-related outcomes. However, there is a knowledge gap about the extent to which GIS has supported Multiple Sclerosis (MS) research. Therefore, this review aimed to explore the types of GIS applications and the complexity of their visualisation in MS research. Methods: A systematic scoping review was conducted based on York’s five-stage framework. PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science were searched for relevant studies published between 2000 and 2020 using a comprehensive search strategy based on the main concepts related to GIS and MS. Grounded, inductive analysis was conducted to organize studies into meaningful application areas. Further, we developed a tool to assess the visualisation complexity of the selected papers.Results: Of 3,723 identified unique citations, 42 papers met our inclusion criteria for the final review. One or more of the following types of GIS applications were reported by these studies: (a) thematic mapping (37 papers); (b) spatial cluster detection (16 papers); (c) risk factors detection (16 papers); and (d) health access and planning (two papers). In the majority of studies (88%), the score of visualisation complexity was relatively low: three or less from the range of zero to six. Conclusions: Although the number of studies using GIS techniques has dramatically increased in the last decade, the use of GIS in the areas of MS access and planning is still under-researched. Additionally, the capacity of GIS in visualising complex nature of MS care system is not yet fully investigated.

scholarly journals Use of geographical information systems in multiple sclerosis research: A systematic scoping review

2021 ◽  
pp. 102909
Author(s):  
Soheil Hashtarkhani ◽  
Hossein Tabatabaei-Jafari ◽  
Behzad Kiani ◽  
MaryAnne Furst ◽  
Luis Salvador-Carulla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information

The Value and Scope of GIS in Marketing and Tourism Management

2019 ◽  
pp. 706-723
Author(s):  
Mertcan Taşçıoğlu ◽  
Dursun Yener
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information System ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Marketing Theory ◽  
Dynamic Information ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
Engineering Statistics ◽  
Store Location

Geographical information systems (GIS) are the systems that store location-based data and analyze them. GIS originated from the conventional cartographic techniques of simply drawing maps with a pencil and board. Following the adoption of computer technology, GIS further evolved as a geo-referenced dynamic information system, which can today be considered as a multi-disciplinary instrument that links different disciplines like geography, computer science, remote sensing, civil engineering, statistics, marketing, and other social and behavioral sciences. In this chapter, GIS is defined and its importance and functions are described in detail. Usage of GIS in marketing is explained, especially its development in marketing theory. Also, the value and scope of GIS in tourism management with a view to understand the spread of GIS applications in tourism is explored.

A Package-Based Architecture for Customized GIS

2010 ◽  
pp. 311-319
Author(s):  
Andrés Pazos ◽  
José Poveda ◽  
Michael Gould
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
User Authentication ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Version Control ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Server Side ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Component Architecture

In this chapter we present a package-based component architecture for the specific deployment and maintenance of public sector applications, specifically corporate Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The three-tier architecture defines a group of server-side packages, a kernel and external packages, that are dynamically requested and assembled at execution time according to the needs of individual users to produce on demand customized GIS applications. An intermediate middleware layer handles user authentication and version control. In order to demonstrate the proposed architecture, a practical prototype has been implemented using Java WebStart. This prototype demonstrates the creation of several GIS client applications, with increasing levels of functionality, and based on free software packages.

A Package-Based Architecture for Customized GIS

2013 ◽  
pp. 493-500 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrés Pazos ◽  
José Poveda ◽  
Michael Gould
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
User Authentication ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Version Control ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Server Side ◽  
On Demand ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
Component Architecture

In this chapter we present a package-based component architecture for the specific deployment and maintenance of public sector applications, specifically corporate Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The three-tier architecture defines a group of server-side packages, a kernel and external packages, that are dynamically requested and assembled at execution time according to the needs of individual users to produce on demand customized GIS applications. An intermediate middleware layer handles user authentication and version control. In order to demonstrate the proposed architecture, a practical prototype has been implemented using Java WebStart. This prototype demonstrates the creation of several GIS client applications, with increasing levels of functionality, and based on free software packages.

scholarly journals Application of the ARC/INFO GIS for Geomorphological Research with Special Attention to Morphostructural Analysis

Geografie ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Lubomír Dvořák
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Respective Field

Many different Geographical Information Systems (GIS) exist nowadays; geographers, however, have sometimes problems with GIS applications in their respective field. The use of GIS in geomorphological research is presented. Special attention is given to the connection between the ARC/INFO GIS and morphostructural analysis which belongs among modern methods of geomorphological research. The study area is located in the northern part of Zábřežská Highland, Bohemian Highlands, Czech Republic.

An OO Methodology Based on the Unified Process for GIS Application Development

2003 ◽  
pp. 195-209
Author(s):  
Jesús D. Garcia-Consuegra
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Software Component ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Gis Application ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Development Methodology ◽  
Unified Process

This chapter introduces an object-oriented methodology for Geographical Information Systems (GIS) development. It argues that a COTS-based development methodology combined with the UML, can be extended to support the spatiotemporal peculiarities that characterize GIS applications. The author hopes that by typifying both enterprises and developments, and, with a thorough knowledge of the software component granularity in the GIS domain, it will be possible to extend and adapt the proposed COTS-based methodologies to cover the full lifecycle. Moreover, some recommendations are outlined to translate the methodology to the commercial iCASE Rational Suite Enterprise and its relationships with tool kits proposed by some GIS COTS vendors.

Geography displayed

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Kain ◽  
Catherine Delano-smith
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Visual Comparison ◽  
Thematic Mapping ◽  
Do So

Professional geographers use maps to reveal spatial patterns in their data and to seek correlations in those patterns, although they no longer always do so by the time-honoured method of simple visual comparison of distributions on a series of paper maps. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) are founded on maps stored electronically. In most British geography departments, cartography has been distanced from geography. This chapter discusses the use of maps in geography, quantification and spatial science, maps and public policy in Britain, thematic mapping, compilation of atlases and reading of maps.

The Value and Scope of GIS in Marketing and Tourism Management

2018 ◽  
pp. 189-211
Author(s):  
Mertcan Taşçıoğlu ◽  
Dursun Yener
Keyword(s):  
Remote Sensing ◽  
Information System ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Marketing Theory ◽  
Dynamic Information ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Tourism Management ◽  
Engineering Statistics ◽  
Store Location

Geographical information systems (GIS) are the systems that store location-based data and analyze them. GIS originated from the conventional cartographic techniques of simply drawing maps with a pencil and board. Following the adoption of computer technology, GIS further evolved as a geo-referenced dynamic information system, which can today be considered as a multi-disciplinary instrument that links different disciplines like geography, computer science, remote sensing, civil engineering, statistics, marketing, and other social and behavioral sciences. In this chapter, GIS is defined and its importance and functions are described in detail. Usage of GIS in marketing is explained, especially its development in marketing theory. Also, the value and scope of GIS in tourism management with a view to understand the spread of GIS applications in tourism is explored.

scholarly journals Integrating GIS and statistical approaches to enhance allocation of highway patrol resources

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
Mahdi Rezapour ◽  
Er Yue ◽  
Khaled Ksaibati
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Geographical Information Systems ◽  
Geographical Information ◽  
Gis Mapping ◽  
Crash Data ◽  
Gis Applications ◽  
Spatial Coverage ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Highway Patrol ◽  
The Right

Large truck crashes undermine the contribution of trucks to the U.S. economy due to the economic costs of the crashes. Wyoming has the highest truck crash rate and the lowest budget contribution for traffic enforcement in the USA. Because of the state’s intensive truck corridors, the Wyoming Highway Patrol (WHP) might not be able to use their resources efficiently. Previous studies have indicated that WHP performed better when they allocate their resources efficiently at the right locations and towards the right enforcements. This study used 4-year historical crash and enforcement data along Interstate 80 (I-80), which has the highest truck-related crash rate in Wyoming. Crash data were filtered to include truck crashes only. However, both truck and no-truck enforcements were included in the data because both could be at fault in truck crashes. This study used two approaches to help state policy-makers improve traffic safety on I-80. First, a statistical method was used to identify geometric variables contributing to allocated enforcement and truck crashes. Second, truck crashes and related enforcements were visually assessed using Geographical Information Systems (GIS) mapping. Crash data were disaggregated into the main driver actions of no improper driving, following too closely, improper lane change and driving too fast for the conditions. These driver actions accounted for more than 70% of all truck crashes on I-80. Related enforcements were also identified and disaggregated by driver actions. Disaggregated enforcements and crashes were visualized along the I-80 corridor using GIS maps to see if WHP allocated their resources efficiently. Cluster index, enforcement spatial coverage and mean density are some of the parameters used for the analyses. This study aimed to contribute to research on police effectiveness in reducing truck crashes, police innovation and the use of GIS applications in enforcement. This methodology can be used by other agencies to better allocate resources to improve traffic safety in most efficient ways.

scholarly journals Scoping Review on Ageism against Younger Populations

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 3988
Author(s):  
Vânia de la Fuente-Núñez ◽  
Ella Cohn-Schwartz ◽  
Senjooti Roy ◽  
Liat Ayalon
Keyword(s):  
Scoping Review ◽  
Search Strategy ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Research Gaps ◽  
Theoretical Rationale ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Older Populations ◽  
Comprehensive Search Strategy

Systematic efforts have been carried out to study ageism against older populations. Less is known about ageism against younger populations, including how it is defined, how it manifests, its effects, and how it can be addressed. A scoping review was conducted aimed at identifying available evidence on these topics. A comprehensive search strategy was used across thirteen databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, and CINAHL. Records were screened by two independent reviewers. Data extraction was done by one rater and independently reviewed by a second rater. Of the 9270 records identified, 263 were eligible for inclusion. Most of the evidence focused on the manifestation of ageism (86%), followed by a focus on the determinants of ageism (17%), available interventions to address ageism (9%), and the effects of ageism (5%). This study points to the inconsistent terminology used to describe ageism against younger populations and the relatively limited theoretical rationale that guides existing studies. It also highlights key research gaps and points to the strengths of existing research.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document