Turkish Sports

2019 ◽  
pp. 123-146
Author(s):  
Cem Tınaz
Keyword(s):  
Olympic Games ◽  
Sports Betting ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Sport Policy ◽  
High Profile ◽  
School Sports ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Main Driver ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Olympic Games

This chapter examines Turkish sport policy with a particular emphasis on the period since 2002 when the tenure of the Justice and Development Party (AKP) government began. Based on in-depth interviews with former Turkish sport ministers and other sport authorities, as well as a review of academic literature, government files, and press articles, this chapter concludes that a main focus of Turkish sports policy is gaining domestic and international prestige rather than increasing sports participation. While Turkey was unsuccessful in its bids for the Olympic Games, it could boast of several other accomplishments, including having hosted other high-profile international sporting events such as the 2005 UEFA Champions League Final, constructing football stadiums, and achieving elite sport success at international championships and the Olympic Games, with the naturalization of foreign-born athletes as a main driver. This chapter stresses the central role of the state, and the sport sector’s dependence on government subsidies since most financial resources come from the sports betting company Iddaa. It also argues that the government has failed to properly integrate sports with the education system, making school sports one of the most problematic areas of sport development in Turkey.

scholarly journals The system of training canadian athletes for the Olympic Games

2018 ◽  
pp. 92-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Platonov ◽  
Yurii Pavlenko ◽  
Vladimir Tomashevskii
Keyword(s):  
Olympic Games ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Training System ◽  
Physical Culture ◽  
Sports Organizations ◽  
Sport Policy ◽  
Effective System ◽  
Critical Problems ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Olympic Games

Objective. To analyze the system of training Canadian athletes for the Olympic Games. Methods. Analysis and generalization of scientific and documentary data. Results. The Federal Government and the Canadian Olympic Committee, national sports federations, sports training centers, provincial governments, and numerous sports organizations act as partners for the preparation athletes for the Olympic Games. The government agency Sport Canada implements its policies and takes part in shaping the Canadian sports system through these bodies. Legislative and political acts have been adopted, including position document Canadian Sport Policy, that contribute to continuous increasing of the government infl uence on the development of sports in Canada through the funding and monitoring mechanisms. The special program Own the Podium serves as a basis for the purposeful strategy of training Canadian athletes for the Olympic Games. Effective management structures have been established aimed at optimizing and focusing activities of public bodies, various sports organizations, and sponsors on the training of the strongest athletes, who are really capable of stepping onto the Olympic podium. An effective policy was developed and implemented to identify the challenges of Olympic preparation, effective training programs for athletes were created, monitoring was planned, critical problems for scientific research were identified, rapid introduction of scientific advances into practice was enabled along with the implementation of advanced world experience and advanced training coaches and other professionals. Conclusions. The formation and implementation of an effective system for training Canadian athletes for the Olympic Games were facilitated by: the positive attitude and support of the government for sports, physical education, and healthy lifestyle of the population; the intensive development of health enhancing physical culture and mass sports; the creation of a strong physical infrastructure; the introduction of rational organizational forms of training for top level athletes; substantial funding of Olympic preparation; and introduction of advanced technologies in all components of the training system.

scholarly journals Организация Олимпийских игр: анализ структуры расходов на предолимпийском этапе на примере Японии

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 15-29
Author(s):  
Mikhail E. Komarov
Keyword(s):  
Olympic Games ◽  
International Olympic Committee ◽  
Cost Structure ◽  
Nominal Group ◽  
Tokyo Metropolitan ◽  
Metropolitan Government ◽  
The Government ◽  
State Group ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Olympic Games

В данной статье рассматривается актуальный вопрос расходов на организацию летних Олимпийских игр на предолимпийском этапе. В статье проводится анализ структуры расходов на рассматриваемом этапе на примере XXXII летних Олимпийских игр в Токио. Детально исследуется структура расходов на двух крупных подэтапах: подача заявки на проведение Игр и непосредственно организация Олимпиады, при этом отдельно выделяются расходы трёх основных групп: Международного олимпийского комитета (с фокусом на программе Олимпийской солидарности), условной группы бизнеса и условной группы государства. На первом подэтапе в условную группу государства входят Токийский муниципалитет, правительство Японии и Заявочный комитет Токио 2020, в то время как на автором рассматриваемом подэтапе место Заявочного комитета занимает учреждённый в 2014 г. после официального избрания Токио городом-организатором Организационный комитет Токио 2020. В рамках каждой из трёх основных групп приводятся конкретные проекты, проводится анализ статей расходов на их осуществление. Отдельно стоит выделить тот факт, что автор, являясь действующим сотрудником Организационного комитета Токио 2020, осуществляет детальное изучение проектов и статей расходов, зачастую не попадающих в поле зрения исследователей данной темы. Отдельно анализируются факторы и причины увеличения первоначального бюджета на организацию и проведение XXXII летних Олимпийских игр, в частности такие, как перенос соревнований по марафону и спортивной ходьбе из Токио в г. Саппоро, перенос Игр на 2021 г. в связи с угрозой распространения вируса COVID-19 и т.д. На основе имеющихся данных по состоянию на май 2020 г. выделяется ряд тенденций, связанных со статьями расходов отдельно взятых групп. Основываясь на данных проведённого исследования, автор делает вывод, что наибольшие расходы на предолимпийском этапе несёт условная группа государства, в рамках которой доли Токийского муниципалитета и Оргкомитета Токио 2020 условно равны. Ключевые слова: Олимпийские игры, Организационный комитет Токио 2020, структура расходов Олимпийских игр, Токийский муниципалитет, Заявочный комитет Токио 2020, Международный олимпийский комитет, экономика Олимпийских игр, предолимпийский этап, XXXII летние Олимпийские игры, программа Олимпийской солидарности. This article deals with the topical issue of the costs related to hosting the Olympic Games at the pre-Olympic stage. The article provides an analysis of the cost structure at this stage on the example of the Games of the XXXII Olympiad in Tokyo. The cost structure in two major sub-stages is studied in detail: bidding stage and the organizing stage, with the focus on the costs of three main groups: the International Olympic Committee (highlighting the Olympic Solidarity program), nominal business group and nominal state group. In the first sub-stage the nominal state group includes Tokyo Metropolitan Government, the government of Japan and the Tokyo 2020 Bidding Committee, while in the second sub-stage the Tokyo 2020 Bidding Committee is replaced by the Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee, established in 2014 after Tokyo was officially elected as the host city. Specific examples of the projects within each of the three main groups are indicated and the analysis of the costs related to their implementation is conducted. It is important to highlight the fact, that the author of the article, being the current employee of the Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee, has carried out a detailed study of projects and cost items that frequently are not covered by other researchers of this issue. The factors and reasons for increased budget, compared with the initial one, for staging and holding the Games of the XXXII Olympiad are analyzed separately; particular emphasis has been put on the transfer of the marathon and race walk competition from Tokyo to Sapporo city and on the postponement of the Games till 2021 due to the threat of the COVID-19 virus spread, etc. Based on the available data as of May 2020, a number of trends related to the cost items of the main groups are indicated. Based on the materials of this article the author concludes that the largest expenses at the pre-Olympic stage are borne by the nominal group of state, within which the shares of Tokyo Metropolitan Government and the Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee are conditionally equal. Keywords: Olympic Games, the Tokyo 2020 Organising Committee, Olympic Games cost structure, Tokyo Metropolitan Government, the Tokyo 2020 Bidding Committee, the International Olympic Committee, the economics of the Olympic Games, pre-Olympic stage, the Games of the XXXII Olympiad, Olympic Solidarity program.

Incorporate Environmental Protection into the Olympic Games

2015 ◽  
pp. 289-308
Author(s):  
Liyan Jin ◽  
James J. Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Beijing Olympics ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Local Residents ◽  
The Government ◽  
Energy Transportation ◽  
Environmental Agencies ◽  
The Olympic Games

The objective of this chapter is to illustrate how Beijing has addressed its environmental issues to fulfill its “Green Olympics” promise. A general overview is first provided on how environmental protection has become an important part of the Olympic Games. Then, the chapter presents the extensive environmental efforts associated with hosting the Beijing Olympic Games, mainly focusing on such areas as air quality, energy, transportation, water environment, green coverage, solid waste, and environmental education. Finally, the chapter touches on the environmental impact of the Beijing Olympics from local residents' perspectives, illustrating that the Beijing Olympics provided a unique opportunity for the city to speed up its urban environmental reform. With a mandatory environmental policy and collective efforts involving the government, environmental agencies, and community groups, hosting a mega sport event can create a positive environmental legacy to the host city and its country.

Developing a National Elite Sport Policy in an Arab Country

2019 ◽  
pp. 147-164
Author(s):  
Nadim Nassif
Keyword(s):  
Olympic Games ◽  
Arab Country ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Elite Sport ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Fifa World Cup ◽  
Sport Policy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
International Sport

Lebanon has never qualified to the FIFA World Cup, and has only won four medals at the Olympic Games since it started participating in 1948. This chapter investigates why Lebanon is failing in international sport and argues that the promotion of elite sport has never been a priority for the Lebanese government. It also reviews the academic literature on elite sport success, and discusses political, economic, demographic, and cultural factors that contribute to Lebanon’s failure in international sport. It is argued that the meagre annual budget allocated to the Ministry of Sport by the Lebanese government is a necessary but insufficient explanation for Lebanon’s failure in international sport. The Ministry of Youth and Sport issued their “Sport Strategy 2010–2020,” but never implemented the policies proposed. Beyond the government there is the problem that corruption is prevalent in the national sport federations. This chapter highlights how administrators are occupying key positions based on their political affiliations, rather than on their skills and capacities.

The Effects of Significant International Sports Events on Hungarian Suicide Rates

Crisis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karoly Bozsonyi ◽  
Peter Osvath ◽  
Sandor Fekete ◽  
Lajos Bálint
Keyword(s):  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Arima Model ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Intervention Analysis ◽  
Middle Aged ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
The Olympic Games

Abstract. Background: Several studies found a significant relationship between important sport events and suicidal behavior. Aims: We set out to investigate whether there is a significant relationship between the raw suicide rate and the most important international sports events (Olympic Games, FIFA World Cup, UEFA European Championship) in such an achievement-oriented society as the Hungarian one, where these sport events receive great attention. Method: We examined suicide cases occurring over 15,706 days between January 1, 1970, and December 31, 2012 (43 years), separately for each gender. Because of the age-specific characteristics of suicide, the effects of these sport events were analyzed for the middle-aged (30–59 years old) and the elderly (over 60 years old) generations as well as for gender-specific population groups. The role of international sport events was examined with the help of time-series intervention analysis after cyclical and seasonal components were removed. Intervention analysis was based on the ARIMA model. Results: Our results showed that only the Olympic Games had a significant effect in the middle-aged population. Neither in the older male nor in any of the female age groups was a relationship between suicide and Olympic Games detected. Conclusion: The Olympic Games seem to decrease the rate of suicide among middle-aged men, slightly but significantly.

Migration and US agricultural competitiveness

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 159-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Farm Workers ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Foreign Born ◽  
Guest Workers ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run ◽  
Lower Wage ◽  
The Government ◽  
The One

Agriculture has one of the highest shares of foreign-born and unauthorized workers among US industries; over three-fourths of hired farm workers were born abroad, usually in Mexico, and over half of all farm workers are unauthorized. Farm employers are among the few to openly acknowledge their dependence on migrant and unauthorized workers, and they oppose efforts to reduce unauthorized migration unless the government legalizes currently illegal farm workers or provides easy access to legal guest workers. The effects of migrants on agricultural competitiveness are mixed. On the one hand, wages held down by migrants keep labour-intensive commodities competitive in the short run, but the fact that most labour-intensive commodities are shipped long distances means that long-run US competitiveness may be eroded as US farmers have fewer incentives to develop labour-saving and productivity-improving methods of farming and production in lower-wage countries expands.

Book Review

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 386-389
Author(s):  
Eduardo Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Urban Design ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
City Image ◽  
European Capital Of Culture ◽  
The Arts ◽  
The World ◽  
The City ◽  
The Olympic Games

Evinç Doğan (2016). Image of Istanbul, Impact of ECoC 2010 on The City Image. London: Transnational Press London. [222 pp, RRP: £18.75, ISBN: 978-1-910781-22-7]The idea of discovering or creating a form of uniqueness to differentiate a place from others is clearly attractive. In this regard, and in line with Ashworth (2009), three urban planning instruments are widely used throughout the world as a means of boosting a city’s image: (i) personality association - where places associate themselves with a named individual from history, literature, the arts, politics, entertainment, sport or even mythology; (ii) the visual qualities of buildings and urban design, which include flagship building, signature urban design and even signature districts and (iii) event hallmarking - where places organize events, usually cultural (e.g., European Capital of Culture, henceforth referred to as ECoC) or sporting (e.g., the Olympic Games), in order to obtain worldwide recognition. 

Metaphorik im Kommunikationsbereich der Sportfachsprachlichkeit

Fachsprache ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. 87-100
Author(s):  
Wenke Mückel
Keyword(s):  
Olympic Games ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
European Football ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
The Olympic Games

Metaphorical elements are a highly productive language means in live reports about sport events on TV. They occur in different relations to what is simultaneously seen on screen and depend on the reporter as well as on the special kind of sport. But nevertheless, general structures and functions of metaphors in those medium-bound oral texts can be indicated; as one of the markers they contribute to what is often called language of sport or maybe rather communicative template of sport. Examples taken from TV reports of the European Football Championship and the Olympic Games (both took place in 2016) are used to illustrate this character of metaphorical expressions in sport reports on TV.

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