‘If Your Jeans Are Original, How Come Everyone Else Has One?’

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-62
Author(s):  
Sreedeep Bhattacharya
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Degree Of Restraint

This chapter deals with exclusionary strategies and their representations in colonial, postcolonial, and post-liberalization phases in India. Citing a wide range of secondary sources, it establishes how exclusionary strategies and conscious social distancing were central to the formation of middle-class identity in the colonial and postcolonial India. The author argues that middle-class attitudes towards consumption were characterized by a certain degree of restraint and thrift. However, in the post-liberalization phase, there is an erosion of that miserly attitude towards a guilt-free consumption, leading to unapologetic material indulgences. This chapter looks at popular visual registers such as advertisements to argue how the exclusionary zeal increasingly is visually mediated and manifested through portrayals of exclusivity. It particularly focuses on apparel advertisements that emphasize the ideas of class, exclusivity, and difference. It asserts that the visual aspects of commodity have become exterior markers of difference, as the desire for distinction is more visceral than before.

scholarly journals Deflecting Privilege: Class Identity and the Intergenerational Self

Sociology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 003803852098222
Author(s):  
Sam Friedman ◽  
Dave O’Brien ◽  
Ian McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Upward Mobility ◽  
Extended Family ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
Origin Stories ◽  
Class Privilege ◽  
Privileged Class

Why do people from privileged class backgrounds often misidentify their origins as working class? We address this question by drawing on 175 interviews with those working in professional and managerial occupations, 36 of whom are from middle-class backgrounds but identify as working class or long-range upwardly mobile. Our findings indicate that this misidentification is rooted in a self-understanding built on particular ‘origin stories’ which act to downplay interviewees’ own, fairly privileged, upbringings and instead forge affinities to working-class extended family histories. Yet while this ‘intergenerational self’ partially reflects the lived experience of multigenerational upward mobility, it also acts – we argue – as a means of deflecting and obscuring class privilege. By positioning themselves as ascending from humble origins, we show how these interviewees are able to tell an upward story of career success ‘against the odds’ that simultaneously casts their progression as unusually meritocratically legitimate while erasing the structural privileges that have shaped key moments in their trajectory.

The Heavenly Touch Ministry in the Age of Millennial Capitalism

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 51-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Gun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Healing Ministry ◽  
Financial Success ◽  
Charismatic Movement ◽  
Global Village ◽  
Economic Climate ◽  
Wide Range

Neo-liberal globalization (also known as “millennial capitalism”) and the neo-Pentecostal-charismatic movement seem to be converging and spreading in the same areas of the globe. Against a backdrop of Pentecostal growth from its coalescence with indigenous shamanism in modern Korea, Presbyterian Elder and scientist Ki-Cheol Son, famous for his charismatic preaching and healing ministry, founded the Heavenly Touch Ministry (HTM) in Seoul in 2004. Unlike most Reformed Charismatics, he promotes the idea that God wants Christians to be successful, with special attention to financial prosperity. The success of HTM's doctrines stressing deliverance/healing and blessings hinges on two interrelated sets of factors: first, HTM's teachings, representing a collective aspiration within the contemporary Korean religious market, are effectively marketed by Elder Son, who has a keen perception of people's need for miracles; and second, the teachings work in idioms (such as “Name-it-and-claim-it!”) that are familiar and accessible to a wide range of shamanistic middle-class believers struggling for financial success in the new economic climate. It seems to me that these sets of factors make identical claims, stated differently. HTM is a product of neo-liberal globalization, and its followers represent the neo-Pentecostal middle class in the global village. This paper elaborates this thesis with reference to observations at HTM's deliverance meetings and newspaper interviews with Son.

scholarly journals MARKETING POLITIK DPP PARTAI GERINDRA PADA PEMILU LEGISLATIF 2014

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fahmi Nurdiansyah
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Political Marketing ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legislative Elections ◽  
Public Figure ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Government

The purpose of this research is to know the implementation in the political marketing of Gerindra Party and some factors encouraging the party to gain a wide range of constituent voters in the legislative elections 2014. The aforementioned evidence reveals that Gerindra Party approached middle class down society and youth, on determining intended voters and this party also focusing on small society (farmer, fisherman, labour, teacher and small trader). In terms of positioning, Gerindra Party put themselves in outside of the government and acknowledge them as the party for small society. In Indonesian political constellation, it can be seen that political party has a high correlation with the power of public figure to increase popularity and electability. Gerindra Party is still introduced Prabowo Subianto as a public figure who can be used to gain a number of voters for the party.

scholarly journals Challenge Management of Banking Services – with Special Reference to Virtual Banking Service Challenges

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
J Shifa Fathima
Keyword(s):  
Credit Card ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Internet Banking ◽  
Banking Services ◽  
Service Channel ◽  
Online Transactions ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Banking Service ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Degree Of Satisfaction

The Indian Banking industry is seeing an exceptional challenge. To remain ahead, banks are thinking of plenty of services to draw customers. Services including 24-hours banking, Service at entryway step, Telephone banking, Internet banking, Extended Business Hours (EBH), Speedy handling are just a couple to mention. The larger piece of the present bank transactions happens elsewhere other than in-branch premises. This shows the growth of “virtual” banks in India. With accommodation, speed, productivity, and adequacy, these virtual banks, as a result, have opened up another universe of conceivable outcomes and brought major changes in giving a wide scope of services. Virtual banks are presently observed as a response to the challenge of planning another service channel that is completely secure, useful, and which customers can promptly figure out how to utilize and confide in it. (Aladwani, A, M.) Virtual banking, an amazing “esteem included” instrument, has become the point of convergence for banks to attract and hold customers. However, the point of these services is to satisfy customers; there is a need to comprehend customer mindfulness, observation, and significantly the degree of satisfaction. Virtual banking is a transporter that licenses customers to access and do economic transactions on their financial foundation obligations from their web empowered PC systems with net association with banks’ web locales whenever 24 Hours. Banks assume a vital job in advancing online businesses. Even though V-customers have the alternative of money down, which is by all accounts secure reliable, still there is an inclination for the V-payment plans, which must be given through banks. Banks go about as solid and dependable go-betweens in online transactions, and they give an intense opening in the online business. At present, banks have V-payment systems like Internet banking, electronic fund transfers (NEFT/RTGS), plastic money (credit card and debit card), and portable banking. These systems give payment to online transactions like the online acquisition of items, versatile revives, lodging booking, ticket booking, and so forth by considering a wide range of safety efforts. For the genuine working of these V-services, the need for able frameworks is an unavoidable element. Reserve Bank of India is observing and inspecting the legitimate and different requirements of V-Banking on persistent bases to guarantee that V-banking would create on sound lines, and V-Banking related challenges would not represent a risk to financial dependability. Hence, the present study is on the challenges of Virtual banking services in its challenge management strategies and the study based on secondary sources of data.

scholarly journals McGill University and Quebec City in the 1960s

Fontanus ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter F. McNally
Keyword(s):  
Academic Programs ◽  
Western World ◽  
Quebec City ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Adequate Funding ◽  
Political Upheaval ◽  
Physical Plant ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mcgill University ◽  
The 1960S

In Canada and throughout the Western world, the 1960s was a tumultuous decade of student unrest and social/political upheaval. For Quebec, the 1960s was also the decade of la Revolution tranquille/Quiet Revolution, when francophone society’s self-definition underwent fundamental change. For McGill University, the decade’s changing environment required enormous adaptation: maintaining and extending academic programs and standards, restructuring governance and administration, expanding the physical plant, accommodating growing enrolment, seeking adequate funding, and adjusting to Quebec’s changing reality. A wide range of primary and secondary sources is available in recounting the story of McGill’s role in Quebec during the 1960s.ResuméAu Canada ainsi que partout ailleurs dans le monde occidental, les années 1960 furent une décénnie d’agitation étudiante et de perturbations sociales et politiques. Au Québec, les années 1960 furent aussi la décénnie de la Révolution tranquille, durant laquelle la manière dont la société francophone se définissait elle-même a subi un changement fondamental. Dans le cas de l’Université McGill, les transformations de l’environnement durant cette période ont nécessité énormément d’adaptation: le maintien et l’expansion des programmes et des normes académiques, la restructuration de la gouvernance et de l’administration, l’agrandissement des installations, l’accomodation du nombre croissant d’inscriptions, les efforts déployés pour assurer un financement adéquat, et l’ajustement de l’Université aux changements vécus par le Québec. Un large éventail de documentation primaire et secondaire est disponible pour relater l’histoire du rôle de McGill au Québec durant les années 1960.

scholarly journals ‘Below English Line’: An ethnographic exploration of class and the English language in post-liberalization India

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 576-608 ◽  
Author(s):  
SAZANA JAYADEVA
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Cultural Capital ◽  
English Language ◽  
Critical Element ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
Middle Classes ◽  
Spoken English ◽  
And Performance ◽  
English Training

AbstractAnthropological studies of India's post-liberalization middle classes have tended to focus mainly on the role of consumption behaviour in the constitution of this class group. Building on these studies, and taking class as an object of ethnographic enquiry, I argue that, over the last 20 years, class dynamics in the country have been significantly altered by the unprecedentedly important and complex role that the English language has come to play in the production and reproduction of class. Based on 15 months of ethnographic fieldwork—conducted at commercial spoken-English training centres, schools, and corporate organizations in Bangalore—I analyse the processes by which this change in class dynamics has occurred, and how it is experienced on the ground. I demonstrate how, apart from being a valuable type of class cultural capital in its own right, proficiency in English has come to play a key role in the acquisition and performance of other important forms of capital associated with middle-class identity. As a result, being able to demonstrate proficiency in English has come to be experienced as a critical element in claiming and maintaining a space in the middle class, regardless of the other types of class cultural capital a person possesses.

The City Sketch

2021 ◽  
pp. 69-104
Author(s):  
John Evelev
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Edgar Allan Poe ◽  
Dominant Mode ◽  
Lydia Maria Child ◽  
Margaret Fuller ◽  
Class Identity ◽  
Urban Populations ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
City Life ◽  
The City

Although the picturesque sketch genre is primarily associated with rural subjects, it was also applied to city life during the mid-nineteenth century, when urban populations were undergoing unprecedented growth. Chapter 2 argues that the newly popular picturesque city sketch helped the emergent middle class to establish its identity as it attained a distinctive position between the wealthy and the working classes. Walking the streets, the middle-class picturesque city sketcher turned the class-divided city into picturesque tableaux that were far less antagonistic to city life than the sensationalist characterizations that were central to the dominant mode of city writing in midcentury. The chapter examines city sketches and fiction derived from the genre, written by Edgar Allan Poe, Lydia Maria Child, George “Gaslight” Foster, Margaret Fuller, Cornelius Mathews, and others. Although city sketchers helped articulate a middle-class identity, the picturesque at times tended to give way to a sublime mode in which the city crowd threatened to absorb the middle class into its undifferentiated mass.

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