Mega Sport Events, Development, and Tourism

2021 ◽  
pp. 237-250
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Participatory Planning ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Mega Sports Events ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
Commonwealth Games

There is enough literature based on empirical evidence to show that the benefits claimed for Mega-sport events, tourism and development are exaggerated. The pressure to deliver infrastructure and sporting facilities does not address issues of social displacement, land acquisition, environmental degradation, violation of worker’s rights, disruption of residents’ lifestyle area issues and overrides traditional participatory planning processes. This chapter explores the economic, environmental and social impacts of mega sports events– through a focused analysis of the developments associated with Commonwealth Games (CWG)2010 in Delhi. The case study developed by EQUATIONS concludes by highlighting that the trend of mega sport events, city beautification and evictions is not a story of the CWG alone but has continued even during the FIFA U17 – World Cup that took place in Kolkata among other venues across the country in October 2017.

scholarly journals An Enhanced Mathematical Model in Sports Events Timetabling

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Saeed Simorghi ◽  
Mostafa Bakhshandeh
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Mip Model ◽  
Time Order ◽  
Sport Events

Events such as Olympics, Football World Cup and Golf and Tennis huge tournaments have always drawn the attention from fans and TV viewers. To obtain this attention many factors are involved. One the major reasons to attract fans is the time order of matches. Another factor is that prominent matches must be distributed over a time interval of the tournament. These make a problem which is called "Sport Events Timetabling". This article develops a MIP model to scheduling sport events. In this model, intrinsic constraints of sport events timetabling are considered. For example, it is possible to schedule group matches and matches which plays between two teams, simultaneously. At the end a case study is introduced and solved with the GAMS 9.32 software.

Mega sports events as political tools: a case study of South Africa’s hosting of the 2010 FIFA Football World Cup

2018 ◽  
pp. 70-86
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
International Community ◽  
The Political ◽  
World Cup ◽  
True Nature ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Mega Sports Events ◽  
Middle Powers

This chapter responds to issues surrounding Mega Sports Events (MSE) using a study of the political and international relations dimensions of South Africa’s hosting of the 2010 Football World Cup. The findings presented confirm the importance of foreign policy in the political ambitions held for the event and provide discussion points concerning the position of Middle Powers within the international community and the policy tools available to them. They also highlight how the value placed on the foreign policy potential of the event, such as the perceived opportunity to demonstrate parity of status with the developed international community, reduced the capacity to pursue or protect domestic policy interests. This notwithstanding, positive outcomes were perceived in a range of areas which suggests that hosting events in developing country contexts may provide valuable opportunities to advance domestic and foreign policy interests if more is known about the true nature of the opportunities presented and how to realise them.

scholarly journals Dialectical Design Dialogues: Negotiating Ethics in Participatory Planning by Building a Critical Design Atlas

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-251
Author(s):  
Barbara Roosen ◽  
Liesbeth Huybrechts ◽  
Oswald Devisch ◽  
Pieter Van den Broeck
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Participatory Planning ◽  
Dialectical Approach ◽  
Urban Transformations ◽  
Planning Processes ◽  
Everyday Reality ◽  
The City

This article explores ‘dialectical design dialogues’ as an approach to engage with ethics in everyday urban planning contexts. It starts from Paulo Freire’s pedagogical view (1970/2017), in which dialogues imply the establishment of a horizontal relation between professionals and amateurs, in order to understand, question and imagine things in everyday reality, in this case, urban transformations, applied to participatory planning and enriched through David Harvey’s (2000, 2009) dialectical approach. A dialectical approach to design dialogues acknowledges and renegotiates contrasts and convergences of ethical concerns specific to the reality of concrete daily life, rather than artificially presenting daily life as made of consensus or homogeneity. The article analyses an atlas as a tool to facilitate dialectical design dialogues in a case study of a low-density residential neighbourhood in the city of Genk, Belgium. It sees the production of the atlas as a collective endeavour during which planners, authorities and citizens reflect on possible futures starting from a confrontation of competing uses and perspectives of neighbourhood spaces. The article contributes to the state-of-the-art in participatory urban planning in two ways: (1) by reframing the theoretical discussion on ethics by arguing that not only the verbal discourses around designerly atlas techniques but also the techniques themselves can support urban planners in dealing more consciously with ethics (accountability, morality and authorship) throughout urban planning processes, (2) by offering a concrete practice-based example of producing an atlas that supports the participatory articulation and negotiation of dialectical inquiry of ethics through dialogues in a ‘real-time’ urban planning process.

scholarly journals Assessing the Ecological Impact of Ultramarathon Events in Protected Natural Sites: ‘Le Grand Raid Réunion’

Heritage ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 749-760
Author(s):  
Sandra Heck
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Ecological Impact ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Future Event ◽  
Outdoor Sports ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
Heritage Site ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
World Natural Heritage

Outdoor sport events evidently have an impact on the environment. If they are taking place in naturally protected areas this impact is even greater. By taking ’Le Grand Raid Réunion’, an international ultramarathon annually organized in the heart of an UNESCO World Natural Heritage site, as a case study, this paper concentrates on assessing the ecological impact of an outdoor sports event in a protected natural site. On the basis of datasets taken from official logistics lists and from a survey conducted among all event participants the analysis embraces ecological and carbon event footprinting. Measuring those two indicators allows identifying the specific event-related ecological impacts, including diverse variables caused by the athletes, the spectators, and the related organizational requirements. The results of the study thereby have the ability to strongly influence the future event policy and to function as a model for the assessment of the ecological impact of other outdoor sports events.

When the gift is halfhearted: A socio-cultural study of ambivalence in a charity sport event

2020 ◽  
pp. 101269022096810
Author(s):  
Ayelet Oreg ◽  
Itay Greenspan ◽  
Ida E. Berger
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Cultural Barriers ◽  
Sport Event ◽  
Case Study Design ◽  
Sports Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Gift ◽  
Mixed Feelings ◽  
Sport Events

Taking a culturally sensitive approach, we set out to explore the social response to, and the cultural adoption of, charity sport events in Israel, where this phenomenon is relatively new and understudied. We show that charity sport events participation is accepted with mixed feelings: participants are motivated by their novice athletic aspirations and love for bike riding, and by their emotional connection to the cause, but at the same time are reluctant to fundraise and donate due to socio-cultural barriers. Using a qualitative, exploratory, single case study design, and relying on the literature of charity sports events, we show that in contrast to the extant distinction between philanthropic givers’ motivations and non-givers’ barriers, participants in charity sport events experience simultaneous motivations for and barriers to their own philanthropic giving. Although they strongly identify with their role as bike riders, and are motivated to take part in a challenging ride, they struggle with the roles of fundraiser and philanthropist that are inherent components of charity sports events. The combination of these experiences yields the experience of ambivalence towards philanthropic giving, which we accordingly term as ambivalent philanthropy.

scholarly journals Athletes as tourists: Consumer Behaviour of Participants at the 2007 and 2009 World Universiade Games

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-79
Author(s):  
Douglas Turco ◽  
Dimitra Papadimitrou ◽  
Serkan Berber
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Sport Event ◽  
Considerable Research ◽  
Second Tier ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
Commonwealth Games ◽  
International Sport ◽  
The Impact

Athletes as tourists: Consumer Behaviour of Participants at the 2007 and 2009 World Universiade GamesConsiderable research has been devoted to sport mega-events including the Olympic Games, the FIFA World Cup, and the Commonwealth Games. Yet few studies have focused on the lesser known or "second tier" international sport events in order to understand the patterns and the impact of participant consumption. Further, few sport event studies are extended beyond a single assessment. This study examines a recurring sport event, the World Universiade Summer Games, that took place in two different countries, Belgrade, Serbia and Bangkok, Thailand. A profile of participants at the 2007 and 2009 Universiades was generated to reveal and compare their consumer behaviour in the host cities and over time. Subjects were queried on-site during selected days of competition (N=441, 2007; N=221, 2009). Findings demonstrate a remarkable consistency in participant characteristics and local spend from 2007 to 2009, though the amount spent per night was considerably less than the average per night spend by other types of tourists in the host countries, suggesting that Universiade athletes are non high-value tourists. Discussion and implications of findings to sport and tourism destination scholars and marketers are presented.

scholarly journals Off-Field Competition at Major Sport Events. Case Study of 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa™

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-132
Author(s):  
Monika Piątkowska ◽  
Jolanta Żyśko
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Marketing Strategies ◽  
World Cup ◽  
Great Opportunity ◽  
Fifa World Cup ◽  
Ambush Marketing ◽  
Global Companies ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
Marketing Methods

Off-Field Competition at Major Sport Events. Case Study of 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa™Over the past twenty years sponsorship has outperformed all other marketing communication tools in terms of growth. With their massive audiences, major sport events create great opportunity for global companies to showcase their brands and products. Due to rapidly rising costs for securing sponsorship rights, ambush marketing has emerged as a growing option for different kind of companies.The aim of ambush marketing is to obtain more of the gains associated with an official event sponsorship but without incurring the same extent of its costs. "Ambushers" are becoming increasingly astute at developing ways to circumvent legal attempts to control non-sponsor marketing strategies.Therefore, the aim of the paper is to introduce and categorize various ambush marketing methods and counter-ambushing strategies. As ambush marketing has shifted over time from broadcast sponsorship campaigns and venue surrounding advertising to more off-site venue marketing, it is also important to analyze how the organizers of major sport event prevent the event itself, the sponsorship rights and how they deal with ambush marketing issue. The case of 2010 FIFA World Cup South Africa has been studied.

scholarly journals From Legacy Rhetoric to Business Benefits: A Case Study of the Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth Games

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-96
Author(s):  
Joan Carlini ◽  
Alexandra Coghlan ◽  
Alana Thomson ◽  
Andrew O'Neil
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Private Enterprise ◽  
Gold Coast ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Private Enterprises ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Practical Experiences ◽  
Sport Events ◽  
Commonwealth Games

Bids for large-scale sporting events and the accompanying political rhetoric typically include promises of economic development and gains for host business communities over the short and long term. Although conceptual models for economic leverage of large-scale sport events have been developed, our knowledge of the practical experiences of private enterprise converting opportunities presented by large-scale sport events is limited. In this article, the authors address this gap through a case study of the Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth Games. The article investigates the opportunities and challenges perceived by private enterprises across the host city and explores the implementation of existing strategies to leverage benefits for business. Although participants identify the general benefits of hosting the event, they struggle to conceptualize benefits in relation to their own business settings. This suggests a disconnect between the legacy rhetoric of large-scale sporting events and the conversion of these opportunities into outcomes by private enterprises in the host city. Against this background, the article outlines a range of practical implications for private enterprise and key areas for future research.

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