Justly Relating to Self and Others in College Culture

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Beste
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Gender Norms ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
College Culture ◽  
Sexual Desires ◽  
Hookup Culture ◽  
And Gender

What kind of relationships and sex do college students actually desire? Students’ reflections indicate that they want just and mutual connections. What hinders these? According to students, one reason they may tolerate unjust sexual and gender norms and perpetuate injustice in their sexual lives is the “toxic messages” found in the ubiquitous eroticization of sexual inequality throughout our culture. Such eroticization of power-over interactions deeply affects their sexual expectations, sexual desires, arousal patterns, and sexual behaviors. After offering their perspectives on Margaret Farley’s account of just sex, undergraduate students provide analyses of whether hookups and hookup culture overall can be just, their perspectives on just sex, and their view of obstacles to sexual justice on college campuses and within broader U.S. culture.

College Hookup Culture and Christian Ethics

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Beste
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Christian Ethics ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
College Culture ◽  
Call To Action ◽  
Relational Norms ◽  
The World ◽  
Hookup Culture

What happens at college parties? Why do students dress and behave the way they do? Who has power, and what kind? And are college students happy overall with party and hookup culture? In response to undergraduates’ skepticism of researchers’ accounts of hookup culture, the author engaged 126 college students as ethnographers to observe and analyze this complex social reality at parties. Part I presents their results, revealing a disillusionment with contemporary sexual and relational norms that challenges benevolent or even neutral views of hookup culture. Part II brings students into conversation with Christianity’s narrative of what it means to become fully human and experience genuine joy and fulfillment. The spokesperson for this vision is theologian Johann Metz, whose portrait of Jesus struggling to become fully human by embracing poverty of spirit resonates with today’s college students. Comparing Jesus’s way of being in the world with their college culture’s status quo, many undergraduates discover in Metz’s Poverty of Spirit a countercultural path to authenticity, happiness, and fulfillment. Part III culminates in a call to action: with understanding of contemporary norms gained in part I, and poverty of spirit as explored in part II, these chapters explore obstacles to sexual justice on college campuses, identify key commitments necessary for change, and envision how undergraduates can work to create the college culture they truly desire and deserve.

Institutional Response and Impact of Reporting Sexual Violence: An Examination of Sexual and Gender Minority College Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 088626052110550
Author(s):  
Lauren R. Grocott ◽  
Nykia R. Leach ◽  
Leslie A. Brick ◽  
Richard Meza-Lopez ◽  
Lindsay M. Orchowski
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Minority Students ◽  
Sexual Minority ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Poor Response ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Institutional Response ◽  
Heterosexual Women ◽  
And Gender

Although college students who are sexual and gender minorities (SGM) experience higher rates of sexual victimization than their peers who identify as heterosexual and cisgender, there is a paucity in the literature investigating how college campuses can address the needs of SGM college students in violence prevention and response. The present research examines a subset of data from the Healthy Minds Survey (HMS), a national web-based survey administered across two universities from 2016 to 2017. We examined the role of SGM status in the rates of sexual violence, perceptions of their college/university’s institutional response to reports of sexual violence (e.g., taking a report seriously and taking corrective action), and the perceived impact of reporting sexual violence (e.g., students would support the person making a report). Logistic regression analyses revealed higher rates of sexual victimization among sexual minority students (compared to heterosexual), women (compared to men), and transgender and gender diverse (TGD) students (compared to cisgender). In addition, sexual minority (compared to heterosexual), women (compared to men), and TGD (compared to cisgender) students were more likely to perceive their institution would have a poor response to reports of sexual violence. Women and sexual minority students were also likely to believe that students who report sexual violence would suffer academically. These findings highlight the need for continued efforts to enhance sexual assault prevention and response efforts on college campuses, especially for SGM students.

Understanding the Complexities of Sexual Assault and Its Traumatic Effects

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Beste
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
College Students ◽  
Sexual Assault ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Student Perspectives ◽  
Important Research ◽  
Sexual Culture ◽  
Sexual Assault Survivors ◽  
Hookup Culture

This chapter focuses on the particular injustice of sexual violence because it emerged as a dominant theme in students’ reflections on party and hookup culture. If we hope to create a just sexual culture in which all college students are respected and treated as ends-in-themselves, we first need to confront the reality of sexual violence on college campuses. Drawing both on student perspectives and important research studies, this chapter first examines why sexual violence is so prevalent on college campuses and then identifies risk factors that increase the likelihood of victimization and perpetration. Lastly, the author examines the traumatic effects of sexual violence on sexual assault survivors.

CONCERN FOR APPROPRIATENESS, RELIGIOSITY, AND GENDER AS PREDICTORS OF ALCOHOL AND MARIJUANA USE

1994 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 227-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen K. Bliss ◽  
Cynthia L. Crown
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Social Anxiety ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
And Gender

The validity of the Concern for Appropriateness Scale (CAS) as a direct or indirect predictor of alcohol and marijuana use in college students was investigated in this study. Specifically, the study examined whether the CAS, by itself, predicted self-reported alcohol and marijuana and whether it interacted with gender and/or religiosity to predict alcohol and marijuana use. The Ss were 143 undergraduate students, and it was found that the CAS directly predicted marijuana use and also interacted with religiosity in the prediction of marijuana use. The results also indicated that the CAS did not directly predict alcohol use, but the CAS interacted with gender and religiosity in the prediction of alcohol use. The results are discussed in terms of their implications for validity of the CAS as an index of social anxiety.

scholarly journals Gender differences in perceived stress and coping among college students

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (8) ◽  
pp. e0255634
Author(s):  
B. Sue Graves ◽  
Michael E. Hall ◽  
Carolyn Dias-Karch ◽  
Michael H. Haischer ◽  
Christine Apter
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Work Lives ◽  
Brief Cope ◽  
And Gender ◽  
And Coping

Background Many college students register each semester for courses, leading to productive careers and fulfilled lives. During this time, the students have to manage many stressors stemming from academic, personal, and, sometimes, work lives. Students, who lack appropriate stress management skills, may find it difficult to balance these responsibilities. Objectives This study examined stress, coping mechanisms, and gender differences in undergraduate students towards the end of the semester. Design and method University students (n = 448) enrolled in three different undergraduate exercise science courses were assessed. Two instruments, the Perceived Stress Scale and Brief Cope, were administered during the twelfth week of the semester, four weeks prior to final exams. T-tests were used to detect gender differences for the stress levels and coping strategies. Results Overall, females indicated higher levels of stress than their male counterparts. Gender differences were evident in both coping dimensions and individual coping strategies used. Females were found to utilize the emotion-focused coping dimension and endorsed the use of four coping strategies more often than males. These included self-distraction, emotional support, instrumental support, and venting. Conclusions This research adds to the existing literature by illuminating the level of perceived stress and different coping strategies used by undergraduate female and male students. In turn, students may need educational interventions to develop effective and healthy coping strategies to last a lifetime. Faculty and other university officials may want to highlight and understand these various factors to protect the students’ wellbeing in their classes.

Prevalence of Sexual Victimization Among Female and Male College Students: A Methodological Note With Data

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052097819
Author(s):  
Ernest N. Jouriles ◽  
Jamie Nguyen ◽  
Alison Krauss ◽  
S. Lynne Stokes ◽  
Renee McDonald
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sexual Victimization ◽  
Research Participation ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Recruitment Methods ◽  
Male College ◽  
Victimization Rates ◽  
Male College Students

This study provides insight on how sample recruitment methods may affect reported rates of sexual victimization on college campuses. The study compares sexual victimization rates among students who complete surveys after initial requests with those who complete them only after multiple reminders. Using probability sampling methods, undergraduate students from 12 universities were invited to complete a survey on campus violence; initial invitations were followed with up to five reminders. Women ( n = 1,008) and men ( n = 344) who completed surveys were categorized as early, middle, or late responders based on the number of reminders required to convert them from non-responders to responders. About 24.2% of women and 15.6% of men reported sexual victimization in the previous two months. In initial analyses, female early and late responders did not differ on sexual victimization, but males did. Male late responders reported higher rates of sexual victimization than early responders. In sensitivity analyses that re-defined early and late responders, women who were early responders reported more sexual victimization than women who were late responders, while men who were early responders reported less sexual victimization than men who were late responders. These findings suggest that researchers may underestimate sexual victimization rates for male college students unless multiple attempts are made to solicit their participation. Researchers are encouraged to utilize multiple reminders to increase research participation.

Sexuality and Mental Health in Emerging Adulthood

2021 ◽  
pp. 452-470
Author(s):  
Anne J Maheux ◽  
Sophia Choukas-Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Experience ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Hookup Culture ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact

Sexual experience is considered an important developmental milestone for emerging adults. Whereas some sexual experiences incur benefits, others are associated with negative mental health outcomes. This chapter first describes the cultural context in which emerging adults experience their sexuality, including sexualized media, sexual scripts, hookup culture, and technology, and the impact of these contextual forces on emerging adults’ psychological well-being. The mental health effects of sexual behaviors are also discussed as they relate to various relational contexts, including committed romantic relationships, casual “hookups,” and ongoing casual relationships (e.g., “friends with benefits”), with an emphasis on the disproportionate negative outcomes for women and the limited empirical research on the impact of these experiences on racial and sexual minority individuals. The chapter further discusses the mental health outcomes affecting emerging adults with sexual and gender minority identities. The chapter concludes with important directions for future work, including longitudinal studies and greater attention to intersectionality.

To Use or Not to Use?: A Mixed Methods Study on Predictors and Barriers of Condom Use Among College Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 216-233
Author(s):  
Olga Pysmenna ◽  
Stan Korotchenko ◽  
Su-I Hou
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Condom Use ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
Hiv Status ◽  
Anal Sex ◽  
Partner Communication ◽  
And Gender

Unprotected anal sex is one of the highest-risk sexual behaviors associated with high rates of STIs. College students often engage in sexual risky behaviors without consistently using condoms. This study examined predictors of condom use among students who engaged in anal sex (n = 242) at an American Southeastern university. Using a convergent research design, researchers used both quantitative and qualitative data to answer the research question. The quantitative data showed that partner communication and gender were statistically significant predictors of condom use. Qualitative results indicated the importance of communication between partners and knowledge of a partner’s HIV status. Qualitative data also revealed that experiential attitudes are an important factor of condom non-use in anal sex. Merged results illustrated that students tend not to use condoms during anal sex overall and the importance of communication between partners.

Identity Formation: Role of Academic Achievement and Gender Among College Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 165-175
Author(s):  
Navneet Kaur ◽  
Kulwinder Singh
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Identity Development ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Identity Status ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Undergraduate College Students ◽  
Identity Achievement ◽  
And Gender

Erikson's work on identity development focused on the question, 'who am I'? As in society, identity formation is argued to be one of the key developmental tasks. This study aims to explore identity formation among undergraduate college students of Punjab across gender and achievement. The study was carried out on 200 undergraduate students (80 males and 120 females) from colleges under Punjab University, Chandigarh. The objective was to measure the Ego Identity Status which was done by using a tool developed by Bennion and Adams (1986). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to test the hypothesis formulated for the study. It was found that majority of undergraduate college students are in diffusion and achievement identity status. Female students outnumbered the male students in 'Identity Achievement', 'Foreclosure' and 'Moratorium' status. There were no significant gender differences in the academic achievement of undergraduate college students. There was an interaction effect of gender and identity formation on achievement. It was found that among males identity achievement and foreclosure identity status groups performed better than moratorium and diffusion groups of undergraduate college.

scholarly journals Barriers Associated with Seasonal Influenza Vaccination among College Students

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Benjamin ◽  
Kaitlin O. Bahr
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Influenza Vaccination ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
College Campuses ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Seasonal Influenza Vaccine ◽  
Seasonal Influenza Vaccination

Influenza can spread rapidly on college campuses because of high-density living conditions and frequent social interactions. However, seasonal influenza vaccination rates on college campuses are low. The purpose of this study is to identify barriers associated with receipt of the seasonal influenza vaccination. Questionnaires were completed by a convenience sample of 383 undergraduate students in January 2014. Data were analyzed to identify barriers associated with receiving the seasonal influenza vaccine. Only 20.6% of students reported receiving the vaccine within the last 6 months. Among students who did not receive the vaccine, 47.8% believed they would get influenza from the vaccine, 41.6% believed the vaccination may have dangerous side effects, and 39.6% believed they were not at risk for contracting influenza. The majority of nonvaccinated students did not believe cost of the vaccine or access to the vaccine were barriers. Many college students are not receiving the seasonal influenza vaccine, representing an important area for improvement. Understanding potential barriers associated with receipt of this vaccine is important for identifying and creating effective public health education programs and campaigns. There is a need for enhanced vaccination education efforts among college students, particularly with respect to the safety and importance of this vaccine.

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