Sociology

Mind-Society ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 107-136
Author(s):  
Paul Thagard
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Communicative Interaction ◽  
Social Mechanism ◽  
Cognitive Mechanism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Causes

Social mechanisms of communicative interaction influence and are influenced by mental mechanisms of representation, inference, and emotion. Discrimination is an important problem that results from social causes such as institutions but also from psychological causes such as prejudice. Prejudice operates in individual minds through representations and processes that include concepts, images, beliefs, rules, and emotions. Emotions are a key part of the force of prejudicial concepts, not just because of their general negativity but also because of specific emotions such as fear, anger, hatred, resentment, contempt, and disgust. Important sociological ideas such as identity, social norms, and institutions can be deepened by understanding how concepts and rules operate in human minds. The semantic pointer theory of communication provides the social mechanism that complements the cognitive mechanism of conscious and unconscious rule operation.

scholarly journals Creative industry as a key creative component of the Slovak economy

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 ◽  
pp. 03009
Author(s):  
Daniela Rybarova
Keyword(s):  
Global Economy ◽  
Creative Industries ◽  
Creative Industry ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
Social Mechanism ◽  
Cognitive Mechanism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Definition Of

The global economy is understood as an economy of information, knowledge, creativity, networks and services. The creation of value in the economy is involved in the economic, social and cognitive mechanisms. The economic mechanism emphasizes the processes of cooperation and production, the social mechanism, in turn, communication and marketing techniques, the cognitive mechanism is based on human imagination and interpretation. Under the cognitive mechanism is meant creativity, the ability to bring new motive, ideas. Cognitive mechanisms are in value creation process complementary to economic and social mechanisms and they are capable of producing value separately. One of the approaches to measuring creativity is to define and analyse creative industries. The creative industries are industries in which “combine and overlap the fields of art, culture, business and technology. They create a cycle of creation, production and distribution, using their intellectual capital as primary capital [1]. The contribution of the creative industry lies in its cross-sectoral dimension with minimal territorial constraints. The article will focus on the definition of creative industries and the analysis of creative industries in the Slovakia. The method used was the analysis of trends in the form of percentage year-on-year change. The creative industry is the sensitive on the state and development of the economy in Slovakia.

Nuts and Bolts, Bells, Whistles, and Rust in the Social Sciences

2016 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 472-480
Author(s):  
Daniel Fairbrother
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Philosophical Analysis ◽  
Philosophical Argument ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Philosophical Work ◽  
Social Mechanism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Analytical Sociology

Here I discuss the philosophical contributions to Analytical Sociology and Social Mechanisms, a collection of essays edited by Pierre Demeulenaere. I begin by introducing the idea of a social mechanism and showing that it has already had an impact within empirical analytical sociology. I then discuss some examples of the philosophical work offered in Demeulenaere’s collection in support of this analytical “movement” in the social sciences. I argue that some of these examples demonstrate thin scholarship and only a veneer of philosophical argument, but that Jon Elster’s contribution fuses impressively philosophical analysis and social science. I conclude by suggesting that analytical sociologists should focus on producing sociological explanations not philosophical theories.

DODA IDI POEM AND TRANSMISSION OF ETHNO-NATIONALISM SPIRIT IN THE ACEH COMMUNITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Muhaini Muhaini ◽  
Mohd. Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Social Mechanism ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Family ◽  
Depth Interviews

<strong>Abstrak</strong><strong>: </strong><strong>Syair <em>Doda Idi </em>dan Transmisi Spirit Etno-Nasionalisme pada Masyarakat Aceh</strong>. Tulisan ini membahas transmisi spirit etno-nasionalisme dalam masyarakat Aceh berdasarkan studi kasus syair doda idi. Kesarjanaan tentang Aceh kontemporer memperlihatkan tingginya komitmen etno-nasionalisme sebagai identitas sosial masyarakatnya. Tetapi sejauh ini, studi yang membahas tema tersebut belum memberi perhatian yang memadai terhadap penggunaan syair sebagai mekanisme sosial dalam reproduski dan transmisi spirit etno-nasionalisme. Berdasarkan data kualitatif yang dikumpulkan melalui wawancara mendalam, observasi dan studi dokumentasi, tulisan ini mengajukan argumen bahwa transmisi spirit etno-nasionalisme pada masyarakat Aceh lintas generasi dimulai dari mekanisme sosial yang berlangsung alam lingkup keluarga. Syair doda idi yang dilantunkan hampir setiap ibu di Aceh ketika menidurkan anak sejak masih bayi memiliki peranan signifikan dalam proses pembentukan identitas kolektif maupun etno-nasionalisme tersebut di kemudian hari. Sejalan dengan itu artikel ini menyimpulkan bahwa kesadaran etno-nasionalisme yang ditransmisikan melalui syair beroperasi dalam dua kesadaran yang saling berkoneksi satu sama lain, yaitu kesadaran diskursif (<em>discursive consciousness</em>) dan kesadaran praktis (<em>practical consciousness</em>).<br /> <br /><strong>Kata Kunci:</strong> syair doda idi, identitas kolektif Aceh, etno-nasionalisme<br /> <br /><strong>Abstract:</strong> This paper discusses the transmission of ethnonationalism spirit in an Acehnese society based on the <em>doda idi</em> poem case study. The scholarship about Aceh contemporary shows the high commitment of ethnonationalism as the social identity of its people. But, the studies that discuss these themes have not given adequate attention to the use of poetry as a social mechanism in reproducing and transmitting the spirit of ethnonationalism. Based on qualitative data collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and documentation studies, this paper proposes the argument that the transmission of the spirit of ethnonationalism in Acehnese society across generations begins with social mechanisms that take place within the scope of the family. <em>Dodas</em> poems chanted by almost every mother in Aceh when they put their children to sleep as infants have a significant role in the process of forming collective identity and ethnonationalism in the future. Correspondingly, this article concludes that ethnonationalism awareness transmitted through poetry operates in two consciousnesses that are interconnected with each other, namely; discursive consciousness and practical consciousness.<br /> <br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> <em>doda idi</em> poetry, Aceh’s collective identity, ethnonationalism

Interpreting Heidegger on das Man (1995)

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Being And Time ◽  
The Social ◽  
Mode Of Being

In their debate over Dreyfus’s interpretation of Heidegger’s account of das Man in Being and Time, Frederick Olafson and Taylor Carman agree that Heidegger’s various characterizations of das Man are inconsistent. Olafson champions an existentialist/ontic account of das Man as a distorted mode of being-with. Carman defends a Wittgensteinian/ontological account of das Man as Heidegger’s name for the social norms that make possible everyday intelligibility. For Olafson, then, das Man is a privative mode of Dasein, while for Carman it makes up an important aspect of Dasein’s positive constitution. Neither interpreter takes seriously the other’s account, though both acknowledge that both readings are possible. How should one choose between these two interpretations? Dreyfus suggests that we choose the interpretation that identifies the phenomenon that the work is examining, gives the most internally consistent account of that phenomenon, and shows the compatibility of this account with the rest of the work.

Can Humanism be the Social Norm?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon D. Welch
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Social Norm ◽  
Human Cognition ◽  
Human Reasoning ◽  
Individual Freedom ◽  
Social Divisions ◽  
The Social

Assaults on truth and divisions about the nature of wise governance are not momentary political challenges, unique to particular moments in history. Rather, they demonstrate fundamental weaknesses in human reasoning and core dangers in ways of construing both individual freedom and cohesive communities. It will remain an ongoing challenge to learn to deal rationally with what is an intrinsic irrationality in human cognition and with what is an intrinsic tendency toward domination and violence in human collectivities. In times of intense social divisions, it is vital to consider the ways in which humanism might function as the social norm by, paradoxically, functioning in a way different from other social norms. Humanism is not the declaration that a certain set of values or norms are universally valid. At its best and most creative, humanism is not limited to a particular set of norms, but is, rather, the commitment to a certain process in which norms are continuously created, critically evaluated, implemented, sustained or revised. Humanism is a process of connection, perception, implementation, and critique, and it applies this process as much to itself as to other traditions.

scholarly journals When time becomes personal. Aging and personal identity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Sternad
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Personal Identity ◽  
Physical Process ◽  
Phenomenological Analysis ◽  
Human Existence ◽  
Phenomenological Method ◽  
The Social ◽  
Future Self ◽  
Social Level

AbstractAging is an integral part of human existence. The problem of aging addresses the most fundamental coordinates of our lives but also the ones of the phenomenological method: time, embodiment, subjectivity and intersubjectivity, and even the social norms that grow into the very notion of aging as such. In my article, I delineate a phenomenological analysis of aging and show how such an analysis connects with the debate concerning personal identity: I claim that aging is not merely a physical process, but is far more significantly also a spiritual one as the process of aging consists in our awareness of and conscious relation to our aging. This spiritual process takes place on an individual and on a social level, whereas the latter is the more primordial layer of this experience. This complicates the question of personal identity since it will raise the question in two ways, namely who I am for myself and who I am for the others, and in a further step how the latter experience shapes the former. However, we can state that aging is neither only physical nor only spiritual. It concerns my bodily processes as it concerns the complex reflexive structure that relates my former self with my present and even future self.

scholarly journals The Mashups of YouTube

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Mosebo Simonsen
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Structural Connectivity ◽  
Social Mechanisms ◽  
Social Communities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Communicative Abilities ◽  
Formal Characteristic

Abstract This article focuses on YouTube mashups and how we can understand them as a specific subgenre on YouTube. The Mashups are analysed as audiovisual recontextualizations that are given new meaning, e.g., via collaborative social communities or for individual promotional purposes. This is elaborated on throughout a discussion on Mashups as a mode of everyday bricolages, which are moreover discussed through a theoretical approach to Mashups as exponents of what has been called “Vernacular Creativity”. The article also argues that the novelty of Mashups is not be found in its formal characteristic, but rather in its social and communicative abilities within the YouTube community. This leads to the article’s overall argument that the main characteristic of the YouTube Mashup can be explained in terms of connectivity. It is argued that Mashups reveal a double articulation of connectivity; one that involves the social mechanisms of the Mashups, and another mode, which concerns the explicit embedding of structural connectivity that accentuates the medium-specific infrastructure of YouTube. This double articulation of connectivity is furthermore elaborated on by including Grusin and Bolter’s concept of remediation. Methodologically, the article draws on empirical observations and examples of Mashups are included to demonstrate the article’s main arguments.

scholarly journals Composing Individuals: Ethnographic Reflections on Success and Prestige in the British New Music Network

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
HETTIE MALCOMSON
Keyword(s):  
Social Norms ◽  
Art Music ◽  
Social Processes ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
New Music ◽  
Disciplinary Power ◽  
Art Worlds ◽  
The Social ◽  
Scant Attention

AbstractIn contrast to established musicians, lesser-known composers have received scant attention in art music scholarship. This article, based on an ethnographic study, considers how a group of British composers construed ideas of success and prestige, which I analyse in terms of anthropological writings on exchange, Bourdieusian symbolic economies, and Foucauldian notions of disciplinary power. Prestige was ascribed to composers who created ‘interesting’ music, a category that eclipsed novelty as an aim. Individuality, enacted within a context of individualism, was key to assessing whether music was interesting. This individuality had to be tempered, structured, and embedded in the social norms of this and related ‘art worlds’. The article examines the social processes involved in creating this individuality, musical personality, and music considered interesting.

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