Moko Symbolization As Socio-Religious Harmony of Alor Society in East Nusa Tenggara

The understanding of moko is related to the identity of the Alor people. Historically, moko was brought from Vietnam and became a heirloom which was passed down from generation to generation. In practice, moko can be used as a dowry of marriage, clan identity, musical instruments, and several other uses. This study provides novelty on the moko symbolization as a socio-religious harmony of Alor society. The problem to be resolved in this research is “how does the moko symbolize socio-religious harmony in the people of Alor, East Nusa Tenggara?” The theoretical concept used in this article is Geertz’s ‘religious as the cultural system” which is paired with Epicurus' opinion about the three levels of harmony. This study used the phenomenological method of Edmund Husserl. The results of this study are moko symbolization as a rhythmic leader of musical instruments related with social messages in the ownership it and the function of moko as a dowry of marriage. In addition, the results of the study also show that the symbolization of moko becomes a part of the harmony embodiment in the life of the Alor people. This symbolization process occurs at the level of ideas and manifests in behavior. The novelty in this research is the characteristics of the Alor community as a heterogeneous society place the symbols of a set of conventions. Moko as part of the convention symbol embodies social harmonization. This part becomes an interesting character because moko is not an original object from the Alor community, but it has been adopted as a cultural symbol. Social harmonization occurs at the level of ideas which are adhered to customary law. This really depends on the values held in society.

Defense Diplomacy Strategy in Global Governance to Face the Global Threats

Global developments that are full of dynamics are marked by the emergence of interdependence between countries. Global developments are in line with the development of science and technology which causes countries to seem borderless. The blurring of boundaries between countries and the development of an increasingly dynamic environment are also accompanied by the development of increasingly broad and multidimensional threats. This global development is also marked by the emergence of new actors in international relations. The development of threats and increasing global issues that cannot be handled by the state alone have created a new phenomenon in the international relations order, namely global governance. Previously, the state was the sole actor in the order of international relations. However, with global governance, there is a new arrangement in the international relations system that accommodates all actors who play a role. This research will use a qualitative phenomenological method. The theory used in this research are global governance, defense diplomacy and international organization as a basis theory and concept, and also a security theory as supporting theory. In the end, we can see that the change of international order can bring the positive effect for countries in achieving their national goals and accomplish their national interests.

MELANCHOLIC SENTIMENTS TOWARDS MODULAR LEARNING MODALITY: SINGLE PARENTS IN FOCUS

Schools worldwide shuttered their doors in the spring of 2020 to slow the spread of the COVID -19 pandemic virus. This physical closure quickly moved to modular learning, which increased parental and guardian responsibilities. Data were collected from 10 single parents of Rizal Memorial Colleges, Inc. The research design of this study utilized the phenomenological method to determine the Melancholic sentiments towards modular learning modality: single parents in focus in The Rizal Memorial Colleges, Inc. This study aimed to investigate parents’ experiences and struggles by the use of thematic coding with the use of essential themes. Data obtained identified emergent themes clustered, namely; strive to balance parent employment demands and learner needs, strenuous assisting more than one child in the home with learning, lack of personal balance, and parent feels overwhelmed; maintaining a strict schedule; engaging in creative activities; keeping children busy and; organizing daily routine; tracking academic progress, keeping socio-emotional Development, accessing of achievement, and identifying emotional toll. The findings revealed and addressed the learning gap that has emerged in their children’s learning in these challenging times. Furthermore, single parents, being aware of how to manage their time, struggles, hardship, and challenges to cope with their sentiment experiences, and strive on how they can surpass and would be a strong basis for school administrators as this comes as an opportunity to evaluate the effectiveness of different educational approaches and develop teaching and learning process suited to specific educational needs. Considering the result of this study as input from families, and should be sought to create a program and learning method that is beneficial to all school stakeholders. KEYWORDS: Melancholic sentiments, Modular learning modality, and Single Parents

PENGALAMAN MAHASISWI BERHIJAB YANG MENGALAMI CATCALLING

ABSTRACT This study is a study of the experiences of hijab students who experience catcalling. Catcalling can occur regardless of place, class, age and social class. Most victims of harassment are often blamed for their wear which is considered inviting, but in fact this phenomenon also occurs in some female students who wear the hijab, resulting in a mismatch between expectations and their social environment. This study aims to see how experiences are experienced, the form of verbal and non-verbal catcalling messages, and self-concept in female hijab students after experiencing catcalling. By using Alfred Schutz's phenomenological method as a qualitative research method and using in-depth interview techniques as a data collection technique, the researchers found that the forms of verbal and non-verbal catcalling were experienced by different informants. This experience made female hijab students gain an understanding of why catcalling happened to them and resulted in a self-concept with physical and social aspects that were mostly negative rather than positive. Keywords: experience, catcalling, hijab students ABSTRAK Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian mengenai pengalaman mahasiswi berhijab yang mengalami catcalling. Catcalling dapat terjadi tanpa memandang tempat, golongan, usia dan kelas sosial. Sebagian besar korban pelecehan kerap disalahkan akan pakainya yang dinilai mengundang, tapi kenyatannya fenomena ini juga terjadi pada beberapa Mahasiswi yang menggunakan hijab, sehingga adanya ketidaksesuaian antara harapan dan lingkungan sosialnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana pengalaman yang dialami, bentuk pesan catcalling secara verbal dan non-verbal, dan konsep diri pada mahasiswi berhijab setelah mengalami catcalling. Dengan menggunkan metode metode fenomenologi Alfred Schutz sebagai metode penelitian kualitatif dan menggunakan teknik wawancara mendalam sebagai teknik pengumpulan data, peneliti mandapatkan hasil bahwa bentuk catcalling secara verbal dan non-verbal yang dialami oleh para informan berbeda-beda. Pengalaman ini membuat mahasiswi berhijab mendapatkan sebuah pemahaman mengapa catcalling terjadi pada mereka dan menghasilkan sebuah konsep diri dengan aspek fisik dan sosial yang sebagian besar bersifat negatif daripada yang positif. Kata kunci: pengalaman, catcalling, mahasiswi berhijab

PENGELOLAN STANDAR SARANA DAN PRASARANA JURUSAN MENJAHIT PADA LEMBAGA KURSUS DAN PELATIHAN (LKP) JAKARTA BARAT

Abstrak :Pengelolaan standar sarana dan prasarana jurusan menjahit pada lembaga kursus dan pelatihan (LKP) jakarta. penelitian ini memiliki tujuan untuk mengetahui standar pengelolaan lembaga kursus dan pelatihan (LKP) jurusan menjahit. Penelitian ini juga menggunakan metode kualitatif fenomenologi. Subjek dari penelitian ini adalah ketua jurusan dari jurusan menjahit. Teknik pengumpulan data dengan cara adalah observasi dan wawancara. standar pengelolaan sarana dan prasarana yang mencakup [1] perencanaan, [2] pengadaan, [3] penyimpanan, [4] pemeliharaan, [5] penghapusan sarana dan prasarana jurusan menjahit di LKP Jakarta BaratKata Kunci : pengelolaan standar sarana dan prasarana, lembaga kursus dan pelatihan (LKP)Abstract :Management of standard facilities and infrastructure for the sewing department at the Jakarta Course and Training Institute (LKP). This study aims to determine the management standards of course and training institutions (LKP) majoring in sewing. This study also uses a qualitative phenomenological method. The subject of this research is the head of the department of the sewing department. data collection techniques by means of observation and interviews. standard of facilities and infrastructure management which includes [1] planning, [2] procurement, [3] storage, [4] maintenance, [5] elimination of facilities and infrastructure for the sewing department at LKP Jakarta Barat

Philosophy of Science: Definition, Object of Study, Scope, and Method

Philosophy of Science is the study of all human life and thought phenomena critically and described in basic concepts. Philosophy is necessary for proving an accident or phenomenon and substance because, with philosophy, it can be proven that something exists or might exist. After all, with reason, a substance can be proven, and that the substance was formed from philosophy. There are two objects of study in the philosophy of science: a) material objects and b) formal objects. The scope of the philosophy of science is threefold, namely: a) Ontology, b) Epistemology, and c) Axiology. There are ten basic methods of philosophy of science, but in this study, the author only discusses three methods: a) Positivism Method, b) Phenomenological Method, and c) Critical Method. The purpose of the philosophy of science is to break the confinement of the human mind. By understanding and studying philosophy, humans can break the ice, rigidity, and even confinement of their minds by re-questioning everything that exists. Abstrak: Filsafat Ilmu adalah studi tentang seluruh fenomena kehidupan dan pemikiran manusia secara kritis dan dijabarkan dalam konsep mendasar. Filsafat sangat dibutuhkan dalam membuktikan suatu aksiden atau fenomena dan Subtansi karena dengan filsafat bisa terbukti sesuatu itu ada atau mungkin ada, karena dengan akal bisa dibuktikan suatu substansi dan substansi itu terbentuknya dari filsafat. Objek Kajian dalam Filsafat Ilmu ada dua, yaitu: a) Objek Material dan b) Objek Formal. Ruang lingkup filsafat ilmu ada tiga, yaitu: a) Ontologi, b) Epistimologi dan c) Aksiologi. Metode filsafat ilmu pada dasarnya ada sepuluh metode, akan tetapi dalam kajian ini penulis hanya membahas tiga metode, yaitu: a) Metode Positivisme b) Metode Fenomenologi dan c) Metode Kritis. Tujuan filsafat ilmu sebagai pendobrak keterkungkungan pikiran manusia. Dengan memahami, dan mempelajari filsafat manusia dapat menghancurkan kebekuan, kakakuan, bahkan keterkungkungan pikirannya dengan kembali mempertanyakan segala yang ada. Kata-kata kunci: filsafat ilmu, pengertian, objek kajian, ruang lingkup, metode

Fenomena Taubat pada Komunitas Forsabda di Tulungagung

<p class="06IsiAbstrak">This research is motivated by the phenomenon where modern humans experience inner anxiety. The condition of human happiness is not only the satisfaction of physical needs, but also the fulfillment of inner needs. In the perspective of Sufism, efforts to fulfill inner needs are carried out by getting closer to God. Efforts to get closer to God in the science of Sufism begin with repentance. From those studies this research's aim is to study the phenomenon of repentance in cultural actors (javanes culture). In the area around the researcher, one of the cultural actors community is Forsabda (Art and Culture Discussion Forum). This study aims to determine the meaning and application of repentance to Forsabda activists. This research is a qualitative research with a phenomenological method. Data mining was carried out on Forsabda Tulungagung activists, to five participants with semi-structured interviews, participant observation and documentation methods. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling method with the following criteria: 1) Have a minimum age of 25 years, 2) Actively participate in Forsabda activities, 3) Willing to provide information. The data collected were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA) techniques. The results of this study indicate that there are four meanings of repentance for Forsabda activists, namely self-awareness, self-evaluation, tawhidan, and habluminAllah. While the application of repentance to Forsabda activists is muhasabah, tawakal, tawadhu, istiqomah, gratitude, and inner peace.</p>

Fenomenologiczny paradygmat psychoterapii Gestalt

This article examines the influence of the assumptions of the phenomenological method on the shape of Gestalt psychotherapy. Therefore, a comparative analysis of the main ideas of Edmund Husserl’s philosophy and the basic assumptions of Gestalt psychotherapy was performer. The strenght and importance of the underlying connections are indicated by both research methods used in Gestalt therapy: the directness of experiencem „suspedding” one’s own beliefs, horizontal description, and categories related to awareness: contact intentionality and „here and now” experience.

The Phenomenological Method in the Ethics and Legal Philosophy of the XX Century

This paper analyzes the essence of the phenomenological method as it is used in certain theories in ethics and legal philosophy. The purpose of the paper is to provide a full study of phenomenology to determine its place in modern philosophical thought. The paper used methods of the history of philosophy, especially method of rational reconstruction, and based on interpretation of the classical phenomenological texts (E. Husserl, E. Levinas, A. Reinach). The main result of the paper is the justification that the unity of logic, ontology and ethics became the ground of application of the phenomenological method in the field of legal and ethical knowledge. Therefore the ideas of E. Levinas’s ethical phenomenology were the basis for understanding ethics as the “first philosophy” in a phenomenological context. The main conclusion of this paper is that the ethical dimension of responsibility for the actions of the subject and their consequences expands the horizons of phenomenological reduction and allows us to reveal the essence of legal reality in a new way. The paper was carried out within the framework of the HSE research project “Ethics and Law: correlation and mechanisms of mutual influence”.

A Condition of Uncertainty: A Qualitative Study Exploring Women´s Experiences of Preeclampsia

Background Preeclampsia is a severe condition that annually affects about 3-8% of pregnancies worldwide. Preeclampsia is thereby one of the most common pregnancy complications for both mother and child. Despite that, there is limited research exploring the women´s perspective of experiencing preeclampsia. Aim The aim of this study was to describe women´s experiences of preeclampsia to improve the support and care given during and after pregnancy. Methods A qualitative descriptive interview study was undertaken. Nine women, who were diagnosed with preeclampsia, were recruited from a maternity unit in southern Sweden. The descriptive phenomenological method according to Amadeo Giorgi was used to analyse the data. Results The essence of women’s experiences of PE were expressed as A condition of uncertainty, meaning that it was an unexpected and unknown situation. The five constituents forming the essence were incomprehensible diagnosis message, ambivalent feelings when the unexpected happens, confusing contradictory messages, appreciated support from the midwife, and need for continuous information. The nature of preeclampsia can sometimes deteriorate rapidly both for the mother and/or the child, often resulting in conversion from a planned vaginal spontaneous delivery to an emergency Caesarean section. The women narrated diffuse symptoms, and they experienced that they got contradictory information from different health care professionals regarding the severity of their disease. Detailed and continuous information is requested throughout the course of the disease, and the postpartum period. Conclusion Health care professionals must be aware that women and their partners need detailed, consistent and repeated information about severity and prognosis to diminish the condition of uncertainty, confusion and fearful experience. The clinical implication would be a standardized preeclampsia education for pregnant women early on in the pregnancy, to raise awareness of preeclamptic symptoms. Furthermore, there is a need for harmonized guidelines both at the antenatal care and the maternity ward and inpatient care at the hospital.