“Seven of the Arab Dialects”

2020 ◽  
pp. 159-169
Author(s):  
Jeffrey Einboden
Keyword(s):  
Years Of Experience ◽  
Rorschach Test ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Arabic Speaking

This chapter focuses on the task President Jefferson assigned Robert Patterson, i.e., to find a translator for two Arabic manuscripts written by Muslim slaves. Over a few days in late October 1807, Patterson consulted with three of the most remarkable figures he could find in Philadelphia, a triad that represented diplomacy, trade, and academia. The three men each had their own reaction, reflecting their professional interests and personal experiences, as well as individual prejudices. In October 1807, the two manuscripts constituted a type of “Rorschach test” for surprised American reviewers. Although visiting these three various men, first in Patterson’s mind was the single man whom Jefferson himself had named. In the race against time to translate Arabic writings, Philadelphia was home to an American whose years of experience in Arabic-speaking regions exceeded all others, Richard O’Brien.

Nonword Repetition Skills in Gulf Arabic–Speaking Children With Developmental Language Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (11) ◽  
pp. 3700-3713
Author(s):  
Saleh Shaalan
Keyword(s):  
Phonological Processing ◽  
Language Disorder ◽  
Nonword Repetition ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Developmental Language Disorder ◽  
Gulf Arabic ◽  
Arabic Speaking ◽  
Phonological Complexity

Purpose This study examined the performance of Gulf Arabic–speaking children with developmental language disorder (DLD) on a Gulf Arabic nonword repetition (GA-NWR) test and compared it to their age- and language-matched groups. We also investigated the role of syllable length, wordlikeness, and phonological complexity in light of NWR theories. Method A new GA-NWR test was conducted with three groups of Gulf Arabic–speaking children: school-age children with DLD, language-matched controls (LCs), and age-matched controls (ACs). The test consisted of two- and three-syllable words that either had no clusters, medial clusters, final clusters, or medial + final clusters. Results The GA-NWR distinguished between the performance of children with DLD and the LC and AC groups. Results showed significant syllable length, wordlikeness, and phonological complexity effects. Differences between the DLD and typically developing groups were seen in two- and three-syllable nonwords; however, when compared on nonwords with no clusters, children with DLD were not significantly different from the LC group. Conclusions The GA-NWR test differentiated between children with DLD and their ACs and LCs. Findings, therefore, support its clinical utility in this variety of Arabic. Results showed that phonological processing factors, such as phonological complexity, may have stronger effects when compared to syllable length effects. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.12996812

Twitter Usage Using Common Reference to Tinnitus

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 206-217
Author(s):  
Jianyuan Ni ◽  
Monica L. Bellon-Harn ◽  
Jiang Zhang ◽  
Yueqing Li ◽  
Vinaya Manchaiah
Keyword(s):  
Nonprofit Organizations ◽  
Temporal Trends ◽  
Temporal Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Common Reference ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Twitter Users ◽  
Sectional Analysis ◽  
Share Information

Objective The objective of the study was to examine specific patterns of Twitter usage using common reference to tinnitus. Method The study used cross-sectional analysis of data generated from Twitter data. Twitter content, language, reach, users, accounts, temporal trends, and social networks were examined. Results Around 70,000 tweets were identified and analyzed from May to October 2018. Of the 100 most active Twitter accounts, organizations owned 52%, individuals owned 44%, and 4% of the accounts were unknown. Commercial/for-profit and nonprofit organizations were the most common organization account owners (i.e., 26% and 16%, respectively). Seven unique tweets were identified with a reach of over 400 Twitter users. The greatest reach exceeded 2,000 users. Temporal analysis identified retweet outliers (> 200 retweets per hour) that corresponded to a widely publicized event involving the response of a Twitter user to another user's joke. Content analysis indicated that Twitter is a platform that primarily functions to advocate, share personal experiences, or share information about management of tinnitus rather than to provide social support and build relationships. Conclusions Twitter accounts owned by organizations outnumbered individual accounts, and commercial/for-profit user accounts were the most frequently active organization account type. Analyses of social media use can be helpful in discovering issues of interest to the tinnitus community as well as determining which users and organizations are dominating social network conversations.

What Does a Doctoral Degree in Rehabilitation Counseling Bring to Speech-Language Pathology Programs?

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-69
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Agan
Keyword(s):  
Rehabilitation Counseling ◽  
Doctoral Degree ◽  
Interdisciplinary Studies ◽  
Master's Level ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Research And Teaching ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Interdisciplinary Study ◽  
The Impact

In this paper, I will describe the potential contributions of interdisciplinary studies combining speech-language pathology and rehabilitation counseling in the preparation of future speech-language pathologists (SLPs). I will provide a brief introduction to the field of rehabilitation counseling and consider it from an SLP’s perspective. Next, I will describe some of my own personal experiences as they pertain to the intersecting cultures of work and disability and how these experiences influenced my practice as a master’s level SLP eventually leading to my decision to pursue a doctoral degree in rehabilitation counseling. I will describe the impact of this line of interdisciplinary study on my research and teaching. Finally, I will present some arguments about why concepts relevant to rehabilitation counseling are important to the mindset of SLPs.

Stakeholder Perspectives on the Stigma of Suicide Attempt Survivors

Crisis ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsay L. Sheehan ◽  
Patrick W. Corrigan ◽  
Maya A. Al-Khouja ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Public Stigma ◽  
Suicide Method ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Stakeholder Perspectives ◽  
Personal Experiences ◽  
Prejudice And Discrimination

Abstract. Background: Past scholarly efforts to describe and measure the stigma surrounding suicide have largely viewed suicide stigma from the perspective of the general public. Aims: In the spirit of community-based participatory research (CBPR), the current study brought together a diverse stakeholder team to qualitatively investigate the suicide stigma as experienced by those most intimately affected by suicide. Method: Seven focus groups (n = 62) were conducted with suicide attempt survivors, family members of those who died by suicide, and suicide loss therapists. Results: Themes were derived for stereotypes (n = 30), prejudice (n = 3), and discrimination (n = 4). People who attempted suicide were seen as attention-seeking, selfish, incompetent, emotionally weak, and immoral. Participants described personal experiences of prejudice and discrimination, including those with health professionals. Conclusion: Participants experienced public stigma, self-stigma, and label avoidance. Analyses reveal that the stigma of suicide shares similarities with stereotypes of mental illness, but also includes some important differences. Attempt survivors may be subject to double stigma, which impedes recovery and access to care.

The Dynamics of TAT Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoît Verdon ◽  
Catherine Chabert ◽  
Catherine Azoulay ◽  
Michèle Emmanuelli ◽  
Françoise Neau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Therapeutic Process ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Rorschach Test ◽  
Mental Functioning ◽  
Projective Tests ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Latent Content ◽  
Rigorous Method

After many years of clinical practice, research and the teaching of projective tests, Shentoub and her colleagues (Debray, Brelet, Chabert & al.) put forward an original and rigorous method of analysis and interpretation of the TAT protocols in terms of psychoanalysis and clinical psychopathology. They developed the TAT process theory in order to understand how the subject builds a narrative. Our article will emphasize the source of the analytical approach developed by V. Shentoub in the 1950s to current research; the necessity of marking the boundary between the manifest and latent content in the cards; the procedure for analyzing the narrative, supported by an analysis sheet for understanding the stories' structure and identifying the defense mechanisms; and how developing hypotheses about how the mental functions are organized, as well as their potential psychopathological characteristics; and the formulation of a diagnosis in psychodynamic terms. In conjunction with the analysis and interpretation of the Rorschach test, this approach allows us to develop an overview of the subject's mental functioning, taking into account both the psychopathological elements that may threaten the subject and the potential for a therapeutic process. We will illustrate this by comparing neurotic, borderline, and psychotic personalities.

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