Mugged

2020 ◽  
pp. 137-162
Author(s):  
Sarah Esther Lageson
Keyword(s):  
Search Engines ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Privacy Rights ◽  
Web Traffic ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Take Back

Utilizing a case study of the online mugshot extortion industry, this chapter discusses efforts by activists determined to take back their identities and protect those who are afraid to try. The decentralized production of criminal records and the intrusion of private websites that spread these records have created such complicated systems of data that some people are more concerned with creating even more “noise” within surveillance systems rather than conceptualizing or asserting their own privacy rights. These activists argue that the burden of reforming digital punishment must also be placed on technology companies and search engines, which currently avoid responsibility for disseminating mugshots and driving web traffic to shoddy criminal records.

A novel product recommendation model consolidating price, trust and online reviews

Kybernetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1355-1372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Huang ◽  
Nu-nu Wang ◽  
Hongyu Zhang ◽  
Jianqiang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Search Engines ◽  
Distance Measure ◽  
Fuzzy Theory ◽  
Online Reviews ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Neutrosophic Sets ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Product Recommendation ◽  
Proposed Model

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to propose a model for product recommendation to improve the accuracy of recommendation based on the current search engines used in e-commerce platforms like Tmall.com. Design/methodology/approach First, the proposed model comprehensively considers price, trust and online reviews, which all represent critical factors in consumers’ purchasing decisions. Second, the model introduces the quantization methods for these criteria incorporating fuzzy theory. Third, the model uses a distance measure between two single valued neutrosophic sets based on the prioritized average operator to consolidate the influences of positive, neutral and negative comments. Finally, the model uses multi-criteria decision-making methods to integrate the influences of price, trust and online reviews on purchasing decisions to generate recommendations. Findings To demonstrate the feasibility and efficiency of the proposed model, a case study is conducted based on Tmall.com. The results of case study indicate that the recommendations of our model perform better than those of current search engines of Tmall.com. The proposed model can significantly improve the accuracy of product recommendations based on search engines. Originality/value The product recommendation method can meet the critical challenge from the search engines on e-commerce platforms. In addition, the proposed method could be used in practice to develop a new application for e-commerce platforms.

scholarly journals Solutions to Big Data Privacy and Security Challenges Associated With COVID-19 Surveillance Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vibhushinie Bentotahewa ◽  
Chaminda Hewage ◽  
Jason Williams
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
Personal Data ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Privacy Rights ◽  
Personal Privacy ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Digital Surveillance ◽  
Feasible Solutions ◽  
The Impact

The growing dependency on digital technologies is becoming a way of life, and at the same time, the collection of data using them for surveillance operations has raised concerns. Notably, some countries use digital surveillance technologies for tracking and monitoring individuals and populations to prevent the transmission of the new coronavirus. The technology has the capacity to contribute towards tackling the pandemic effectively, but the success also comes at the expense of privacy rights. The crucial point to make is regardless of who uses and which mechanism, in one way another will infringe personal privacy. Therefore, when considering the use of technologies to combat the pandemic, the focus should also be on the impact of facial recognition cameras, police surveillance drones, and other digital surveillance devices on the privacy rights of those under surveillance. The GDPR was established to ensure that information could be shared without causing any infringement on personal data and businesses; therefore, in generating Big Data, it is important to ensure that the information is securely collected, processed, transmitted, stored, and accessed in accordance with established rules. This paper focuses on Big Data challenges associated with surveillance methods used within the COVID-19 parameters. The aim of this research is to propose practical solutions to Big Data challenges associated with COVID-19 pandemic surveillance approaches. To that end, the researcher will identify the surveillance measures being used by countries in different regions, the sensitivity of generated data, and the issues associated with the collection of large volumes of data and finally propose feasible solutions to protect the privacy rights of the people, during the post-COVID-19 era.

scholarly journals SEO and Digital News Media: Visibility of Cultural Information in Spain’s Leading Newspapers

Tripodos ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 41-61
Author(s):  
Carlos Lopezosa ◽  
Lluís Codina ◽  
Mario Pérez-Montoro
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
News Media ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Web Traffic ◽  
Social Signals ◽  
Digital News ◽  
The Media ◽  
Visibility Index ◽  
The Web ◽  
Digital Newspapers

This paper undertakes a comparative analysis of the visibility, and of other SEO indicators, of the culture sections of Spain’s leading digital newspapers —specifically, elmundo.es, elpais. com, lavanguardia.com, abc.es, el­confidencial.com and 20minutos.es— based on data collected by the media analytics company, comScore, and the web traffic metric, Alexa Rank. The analysis employs a set of positioning in­dicators: namely, a visibility index, keywords, social signals, keyword profiles, URLs, SERP-Snippets, reference domains and best anchor texts, as made availa­ble by SISTRIX, an SEO analytics audit toolbox. Thus, we were able to deter­mine which of the digital newspapers’ culture sections has the best visibility. Likewise, we were able to identify which of these media are best positioned on Google, presumably as a result of more effective positioning strategies. We con­clude with a discussion of our results and, on the basis of these findings, re­commend ways in which the visibility of journalistic information can be optimi­sed in search engines.   SEO i cibermitjans: visibilitat de la informació cultural dels principals diaris d’Espanya Aquest article realitza una anàlisi com­parativa de visibilitat i altres indicadors SEO de la secció de cultura dels principals cibermitjans espanyols: elmundo.es, elpais.com, lavanguardia.com, abc. es, elconfidencial.com i 20minutos. es. Les anàlisis s’han dut a terme amb la utilització d’un conjunt d’indicadors de posicionament (visibilitat, paraules clau, senyals socials, paraules clau, url, snippets, dominis de referència i mi­llors textos àncora) utilitzant l’eina de auditoria i anàlisi de posicionament en cercadors, SISTRIX. Ens preguntem quin d’aquests mitjans té millor una secció de notícies culturals amb millor visibilitat. L’estudi dut a terme amb els indicadors seleccionats permet, d’aquesta manera, presentar una anàlisi comparativa del periodisme cultural i identificar quins d’aquests mitjans presenten millors posicions a Google, presumiblement, com a resultat d’estratègies de posicio­nament. Finalitzem amb una discussió dels resultats juntament amb unes re­comanacions finals per optimitzar la vi­sibilitat de la informació periodística en els cercadors.

scholarly journals A methodological framework for the evaluation of syndromic surveillance systems: a case study of England

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Felipe J. Colón-González ◽  
Iain R. Lake ◽  
Roger A. Morbey ◽  
Alex J. Elliot ◽  
Richard Pebody ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Syndromic Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Methodological Framework

Access Chokepoints

Chokepoints ◽  
2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natasha Tusikov
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Domain Name ◽  
State Laws ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Internet Firms ◽  
Online Pharmacies ◽  
Binding Agreement ◽  
The U.S

This chapter explains how the transnational regime uses search engines (especially Google) and domain name registrars (specifically GoDaddy) to throttle access to infringing sites. It traces efforts by the U.S. and U.K. governments, along with rights holders, to pressure Google and GoDaddy into adopting the non-binding agreements. It then presents two case studies. The first discusses search engines’ regulation of search results linking to infringing sites and a non-binding agreement struck among search engines (Google, Yahoo, and Microsoft) at the behest of the U.K. government. The second case study examines GoDaddy’s efforts to disable so-called illegal online pharmacies that operate in violation of U.S. federal and state laws. The chapter concludes that Internet firms’ practice of using chokepoints to dissuade access to targeted websites is highly problematic as legitimate websites are mistakenly targeted and sanctioned. Automated enforcement programs exacerbate this problem as they significantly increase the scale and speed of rights holders’ enforcement efforts without a corresponding increase in oversight.

The Digital Turn

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-36
Author(s):  
Sarah Esther Lageson
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Free Speech ◽  
Public Interest ◽  
Due Process ◽  
Past Century ◽  
Competing Values ◽  
Privacy Rights ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
The Public ◽  
Criminal Justice Processing

Recent decades have witnessed a digital turn in criminal justice processing that has contributed to the creation and dissemination of millions of criminal records per year, impacting both criminal justice workers and those processed by the system. Current US law has allowed for the public dissemination of these records, emphasizing free speech and transparency over other competing values, such as due process, privacy, or liberty. The turn toward digital disclosure of criminal justice information has outpaced thoughtful discussions about balancing privacy rights and the notion of public interest that the courts have developed during the past century. It is certainly in the public interest to have access to the workings of the police, courts, and prisons—it is a fundamental way that citizens can keep an eye on these powerful institutions. However, these core transparency values are being used for a different, entrepreneurial purpose since criminal records have become a commodified good.

Visual comparison of search results: A censorship case study

First Monday ◽  
2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Meiss ◽  
Filippo Menczer
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Search Engines ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
Search Results ◽  
Visual Comparison

Understanding the qualitative differences between the sets of results from different search engines can be a difficult task. How many links must you follow from each list before you can reach a conclusion? We describe a user interface that allows users to quickly identify the most significant differences in content between two lists of Web pages. We have implemented this interface in CenSEARCHip, a system for comparing the effects of censorship policies on search engines.

Virtual Total Control: Escaping a Simulated Prison

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Levan ◽  
Steven Downing
Keyword(s):  
Video Game ◽  
Real World ◽  
Surveillance Systems ◽  
Media Portrayals ◽  
Prison Life ◽  
Total Control

Previous studies have examined media portrayals of total control and institutionalization in prison, and a few studies have considered the connection between media portrayals and depictions of prison escape attempts. The current inquiry seeks to fill this gap in the literature through an autoethnographic case study of the video game The Escapists, in which players assume the role of an inmate whose ultimate goal is to escape prison amid an environment populated by other nonplayer character inmates and guards. In this inquiry, specific attention is paid to the player’s experiences as a subject of control from guards, inmates, surveillance systems, and the prison construct, and how these interactions contextualize and potentially motivate the player to attempt escape. Connections between virtual and real-world escape attempts are discussed. Conceptual and theoretical links between total control and interactive experiences of simulated prison life, as well as implications of this study, are examined.

scholarly journals Family and Human Resources in the Development of a Female Crack-Seller Career: Case Study of a Hidden Population

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 175-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloise Dunlap ◽  
Bruce D. Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Drug Distribution ◽  
Drug Abusers ◽  
Criminal Records ◽  
Hidden Population ◽  
Crack Use ◽  
And Function ◽  
Drug Seller

This paper is primarily concerned with resources which family and kin network bring to drug careers. The general thesis is that specific human resources available during childhood influence both the nature and extent of participation in crack use and sales. The availability of family and human resources are critical in determining the extent to which drug abusers could develop and maintain a “conventional” identity while engaging in a drug-distribution career. Although females are becoming more evident in crack-distribution roles, they remain a minority among crack sellers and usually perform the lowest roles. This case study of Rachel represents a truly hidden population, a minority female who has been a successful crack seller for several years. The paper provides insight about persons that rarely come to attention when studying drug distribution and participation. Such persons acquire skills and resources during their lives that enable them to function in two diverse worlds. Such crack sellers are “truly hidden” because they do not have criminal records, almost never come to the attention of police, and function adequately in conventional roles. By analyzing a detailed case study of a female drug seller, this paper delineates some of the human resources and skills which may account for her differential outcome in a career of drug use and sales in inner-city settings.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document