Maecenas and the Augustan Poets

Author(s):  
Philippe Le Doze

Attending to the historical and cultural background behind the desire to promote Latin literature allows us to interpret the partnership between Maecenas and the so-called Augustan poets without recourse to traditional notions of poets as instruments. This chapter argues that the poets’ activities, at once cultural and civic, were influenced by a philosophy of history of which Polybius, Cicero, and (in the Augustan age) Livy and Dionysius of Halicarnassus were exponents. The poets were also encouraged by a new idea, largely initiated by Cicero and supported by Athenodorus in the entourage of Augustus, that one could benefit one’s homeland not only through politics but also through writing. Maximum effectiveness, however, required the authority to be heard at the highest level of the state. In this context, Maecenas’ patronage was a weighty asset. His proximity to the princeps and his auctoritas allowed the poets a real freedom of speech.

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 9-30
Author(s):  
Jaime Ortega

El presente texto es una aproximación crítica al Ensayo sobre un proletariado sin cabeza de José Revueltas. A partir de las indicaciones metodológicas heredadas por Louis Althusser en su tratamiento de El Capital y de las nociones de posición idealista y posición materialista, se reconstruye el contenido del Ensayo. En el interior de este, se denota la coexistencia de estas dos posiciones: la idealista que remite a una filosofía de la historia y la materialista, que aborda los problemas específicos de una coyuntura. Finalmente, se apuntala una lectura crítica, en donde la noción de “proletariado de cabeza” debe ser repensada en el conjunto de la historia del movimiento obrero en México y de su relación con el Estado. Las breves conclusiones sólo son pie para pensar el entramado en el que se juega la historia del marxismo.   Palabras clave: Revueltas, proletariado, idealismo, materialismo, El Capital.   PROLETARIATE WITHOUT HEAD OR DOMESTICATED SOCIAL BODY? NOTES FOR A CRITICAL READING OF ESSAY DE JOSÉ REVUELTAS   This text is a critical approach to José Revuelta's Essay on a headless proletariat. From the methodological indications inherited from Louis Althusser in his treatment of Das Kapital and the notions of idealist  and materialist position, this paper reconstructs the content of the Essay. In his interior, the coexistence of these two positions is denoted: the idealist that refers to a philosophy of history and the materialistic one, which addresses the specific problems of a conjuncture. Finally, underpinned in his critical reading, the notion of “head of the proletariat” rethink the history of the labour movement in Mexico and its relationship with the State. The brief conclusions are only foot to think about the framework, which played the history of Marxism.   Keywords: Revueltas, proletariat, idealism, materialism, The Capital.  


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (4(73)) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
A.B. Ektumaev

This article reveals the essence, features and functions of censorship. It is noted that the entire history of the development of freedom of speech in Russia is closely connected with state censorship, and this has an impact on the state of social communication in the modern period. Based on the analysis of the provisions of the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the legislation of the Russian Federation formed on their basis, the division of censorship into preliminary (before the message is transmitted) and subsequent (after the message is transmitted) is substantiated


2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 241-261
Author(s):  
Elīna Grigore-Bāra ◽  

The article is dedicated to the analysis of one element of the constitutional identity of the Latvian State – freedom of speech – during the initial democratic period in the State’s existence. The author analyses the rules on the protection of honour and supervision of the press as limits to freedom of speech. It is concluded in the article that the boundaries between one person’s freedom of speech and another person’s honour in the Republic of Latvia changed little compared to the previous period in the history of law and that honour as a legal benefit was prized more highly. The framework of freedom of the press, in turn, was constantly expanded. However, the creation of the lists of prohibited books and third-rate and obscene literature proves that the State did not rely on individuals exercising freedom of speech properly. Paternalistic treatment of its citizens was not unknown to the new democratic republic.


2011 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 31-50
Author(s):  
Jarrett T. Welsh

AbstractThis paper re-examines the scholarly views about the beginning of Latin poetry that were current in the late second century b.c., and proposes that the earliest scholars, specifically Accius and Porcius Licinus, marked Livius Andronicus’ hymn to Juno Regina of 207 b.c., rather than a play in 197 b.c., as the fountainhead of Latin literature. Those histories would suggest that the dominant interpretation put poetry at the heart of the affairs of the state at war; when in the early 40s b.c. Varro and his contemporaries disproved Accius, they were both bringing out new facts about Livius’ earlier career, and rewriting the history of Latin poetry, so that it had its origins in peace, rather than in war.


Antiquity ◽  
1976 ◽  
Vol 50 (200) ◽  
pp. 216-222
Author(s):  
Beatrice De Cardi

Ras a1 Khaimah is the most northerly of the seven states comprising the United Arab Emirates and its Ruler, H. H. Sheikh Saqr bin Mohammad al-Qasimi, is keenly interested in the history of the state and its people. Survey carried out there jointly with Dr D. B. Doe in 1968 had focused attention on the site of JuIfar which lies just north of the present town of Ras a1 Khaimah (de Cardi, 1971, 230-2). Julfar was in existence in Abbasid times and its importance as an entrep6t during the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries-the Portuguese Period-is reflected by the quantity and variety of imported wares to be found among the ruins of the city. Most of the sites discovered during the survey dated from that period but a group of cairns near Ghalilah and some long gabled graves in the Shimal area to the north-east of the date-groves behind Ras a1 Khaimah (map, FIG. I) clearly represented a more distant past.


2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
hank shaw

Portugal has port, Spain has sherry, Sicily has Marsala –– and California has angelica. Angelica is California's original wine: The intensely sweet, fortified dessert cordial has been made in the state for more than two centuries –– primarily made from Mission grapes, first brought to California by the Spanish friars. Angelica was once drunk in vast quantities, but now fewer than a dozen vintners make angelica today. These holdouts from an earlier age are each following a personal quest for the real. For unlike port and sherry, which have strict rules about their production, angelica never gelled into something so distinct that connoisseurs can say, ““This is angelica. This is not.”” This piece looks at the history of the drink, its foggy origins in the Mission period and on through angelica's heyday and down to its degeneration into a staple of the back-alley wino set. Several current vintners are profiled, and they suggest an uncertain future for this cordial.


2019 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 424-428
Author(s):  
Alexandra I. Vakulinskaya

This publication is devoted to one of the episodes of I. A. Ilyin’s activity in the period “between two revolutions”. Before the October revolution, the young philosopher was inspired by the events of February 1917 and devoted a lot of time to speeches and publications on the possibility of building a new order in the state. The published archive text indicates that the development of Ilyin’s doctrine “on legal consciousness” falls precisely at this tragic moment in the history of Russia.


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