Journalism in the 21st Century

2021 ◽  
pp. 18-52
Author(s):  
Jonathan Hardy
Keyword(s):  
21St Century ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Financial Need ◽  
And Shifts ◽  
The Impact

This chapter presents a snapshot of the main characteristics of 21st-century journalism, examining changes in its organization, practice, and performance. It also contributes to the book’s main themes by outlining links between structural changes in the news industries and shifts in journalists’ activities, attitudes, and self-perceptions. Of particular concern is the impact of the internet and more generally of digitalization. This is considered in relation to traditional print media, television, radio and also with regard to journalists’ practices, which have undergone dramatic, rapid change and disruption. The chapter then focusses on journalistic content, where according to some critics, traditional journalistic standards have been weakened by the growing ascendancy of entertainment values and by the financial need for advertising revenue. Finally, the chapter discusses identity and how journalists’ traditional concepts of self-identity have responded to the pressures described previously.

scholarly journals The Impact of Operating System on Bandwidth in Open VPN Technology

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 204-211
Author(s):  
Baghdad Science Journal
Keyword(s):  
Operating System ◽  
Operating Systems ◽  
Data Privacy ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sensitive Data ◽  
Privacy And Security ◽  
Basic Source ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

The internet is a basic source of information for many specialities and uses. Such information includes sensitive data whose retrieval has been one of the basic functions of the internet. In order to protect the information from falling into the hands of an intruder, a VPN has been established. Through VPN, data privacy and security can be provided. Two main technologies of VPN are to be discussed; IPSec and Open VPN. The complexity of IPSec makes the OpenVPN the best due to the latter’s portability and flexibility to use in many operating systems. In the LAN, VPN can be implemented through Open VPN to establish a double privacy layer(privacy inside privacy). The specific subnet will be used in this paper. The key and certificate will be generated by the server. An authentication and key exchange will be based on standard protocol SSL/TLS. Various operating systems from open source and windows will be used. Each operating system uses a different hardware specification. Tools such as tcpdump and jperf will be used to verify and measure the connectivity and performance. OpenVPN in the LAN is based on the type of operating system, portability and straightforward implementation. The bandwidth which is captured in this experiment is influenced by the operating system rather than the memory and capacity of the hard disk. Relationship and interoperability between each peer and server will be discussed. At the same time privacy for the user in the LAN can be introduced with a minimum specification.

The Essence of Security Sciences

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-123
Author(s):  
Andrzej Czupryński
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Human Security ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Human Personality ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Freedom And Responsibility

We live in a world of great opportunities, but also of boundless demands. It is generally agreed that the 21st century would be a century of culture. Globalization of culture is an important element of social globalization. This process should be understood as a formation of various relationships and dependencies between societies and their cultures. Globalization of culture entails a change in values and norms, a disturbance of social memory, and shallow culture. Presently culture has become a consumer culture, and it is created by the world of media and the Internet. The article is an important voice in a wider discussion on the impact of cultural globalism on human security. The author is convinced that cultural globalism to the greatest extent affects human personality and social hazards. An important part of it is the description of personal security, in which human subjectivity, freedom and responsibility of cultural threats play a significant role.

scholarly journals Determinants of Domestic Trade Development in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (525) ◽  
pp. 240-246
Author(s):  
K. Y. Pugachevska ◽  
◽  
A. H. Lyzanets ◽  
M. V. Gomba ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Business Models ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Domestic Trade ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Intermediate Consumption ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
The Impact

Intensification of globalization processes and transition of economically developed countries to the post-industrial stage of development determine the modern vector of structural and institutional transformation of the domestic market as a whole and trade in particular. The article is aimed at estimating the determinants of the development of domestic trade in Ukraine. The indicators of internal trade development are analyzed. The regional structure of retail turnover of Ukraine is provided. The risks and threats of foreign trade liberalization for domestic producers are characterized. The share of imported food and non-food products sold through the trade network of enterprises is computed. The commodity structure of imports by wide economic categories is provided. The risks of growing import dependence of the Ukrainian economy in terms of goods for final and intermediate consumption are identified. It is substantiated that one of the important vectors of improving the efficiency of the national economy is structural changes in the sphere of domestic trade. The prospects for the development of domestic trade in Ukraine are generalized, including those caused by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. It is argued that the coronavirus crisis is one of the key challenges for business in modern conditions, covering all its aspects – from sectoral to global supply chains. The priority of digital transformation of enterprises in order to protect their own position from high technologies of competitors and the opportunity to take advantage of greater functionality of digital business models with their adaptability and performance is determined. It is substantiated that the processes of globalization in the context of the coronavirus crisis have slowed down, which can lead to significant changes in the structure of the market, affect the distribution of online and offline trading. The prospect of further research in this direction is the forecasting of challenges and threats of the post-pandemic development for the domestic market of Ukraine.

Structure, Conduct and Performance Analysis of Indian Commercial Banks

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratna Barua ◽  
Malabika Roy ◽  
Ajitava Raychaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Market Concentration ◽  
Jel Classification ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Indian Banks ◽  
Asset Quality ◽  
The Impact

The market structure, conducts and performance of the Indian banking sector have changed since the introduction of banking sector reforms. Slower economic growth, coupled with asset quality problems in recent years, has taken a toll on the overall health of the Indian banking sector. Higher statutory capital requirement under Basel III has posed another major challenge to the Indian banks. The purpose of the study is to examine the impact of structural changes and conduct of Indian commercial banks on their profitability in the paradigm of structure–conduct–performance (SCP) framework. Market concentration, bank-specific/macroeconomic variables have been considered as important determinants of the profitability. The regression results find a negative relationship between profitability and market concentration and reject SCP hypotheses. The study found that capitalization, credit risk, leverage and ownership structure are the most important determinants of the profitability of Indian banks. The study also found that financial crisis had no significant impact on the profitability of Indian banks. JEL Classification: C4, G21, G28, L19

Cultural Globalization and Human Security

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-163
Author(s):  
Andrzej Pieczywok
Keyword(s):  
Significant Role ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Consumer Culture ◽  
Social Memory ◽  
Human Security ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cultural Globalization ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Freedom And Responsibility

We live in a world of great opportunities, but also of boundless demands. It is generally agreed that the 21st century would be a century of culture. Globalization of culture is an important element of social globalization. This process should be understood as a formation of various relationships and dependencies between societies and their cultures. Globalization of culture entails a change in values and norms, a disturbance of social memory, and shallow culture. Presently culture has become a consumer culture, and it is created by the world of media and the Internet. The article is an important voice in a wider discussion on the impact of cultural globalism on human security. The author is convinced that cultural globalism to the greatest extent affects human personality and social hazards. An important part of it is the description of personal security, in which human subjectivity, freedom and responsibility of cultural threats play a significant role.

scholarly journals Structural transformation of the economy: practical aspects

2021 ◽  
pp. 19-27
Author(s):  
A. T. Abdikarimova ◽  
G. B. Aimagambetova
Keyword(s):  
World Bank ◽  
Structural Transformation ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of the article is to consider the practical aspects of the structural transformation of economy. Over the past few decades, absolutely all national economies have undergone structural changes, regardless of their size, economic system and all other political or economic differences. The transformation of structures was associated with many factors, including institutional changes, technological changes, the widespread introduction of the results of scientific and technological progress, globalization and integration processes. At the same time, it should be noted that not all structural changes had a positive effect for all countries, even though the changes had almost the same trend of growth in the share of the service sector, a decrease in the share of agriculture and manufacturing. This article is an attempt to systematize the main trends and consequences of structural transformations in the world. The authors put forward the hypothesis that the world economy tends to “servicization” and deindustrialization, which has dialectical significance for the world economy. To assess the structural changes, we analyzed the data of the World Bank to study the dynamics of changes in the sectoral structure of the countries of the world in the period from 1990 to 2019. A very great influence on these processes was exerted by globalization, which through its mechanisms made possible a rapid change in industry proportions not only in the developed world, but also in developing countries, while forming a global trend of “servicization” of the economy. The authors tried to conduct a comparative analysis of the impact of each economic sector on GDP using a regression model based on panel data from more than 180 countries of the world presented by the World Bank.

scholarly journals Pokolenia X, Y i Z wobec reklamy internetowej

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 297-311
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Sadowa
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Online Advertising ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Purchasing Behavior ◽  
Virtual Communication ◽  
The Impact

W pierwszych dwóch dekadach X XI wieku zauważa się wyraźne przemiany w zachowaniach nabywców pod wpływem internetu. Powszechna stała się wirtualna komunikacja, która znacząco wpłynęła na zmianę struktury wydatków na reklamę — permanentnie zwiększa się udział reklamy internetowej w torcie reklamowym. Reklama online niewątpliwie oddziałuje na przedstawicieli pokoleń X, Y i Z, które wyodrębnia się w literaturze ze względu na odmienne cechy charakteru, poglądy, zachowania, a także stosunek do nowych technologii. W pracy wykorzystano wycinek pierwotnych badań ilościowych autorki, przeprowadzonych na przełomie roku 2017 i 2018 na próbie respondentów w Polsce 487 i Wielkiej Brytanii 173. Generations X, Y and Z towards online advertisingIn the last 20 years the two decades of the 21st century, there have been visible changes in the behavior of buyers under the influence of the Internet. Virtual communication has become widespread, which has significantly changed the structure of advertising expenditures — the share of online advertising in the advertising pie is constantly increasing. Online advertising undoubtedly affects the representatives of generations X, Y and Z, which are distinguished in the literature due to different character traits, views,  behaviors, as well as the attitude to new technologies. The aim of the considerations is to recognize the impact of online advertising on the purchasing behavior of representatives of generations X, Y and Z in Poland. Two research hypotheses were formulated. First of all, online advertising affects the purchases of all the generations analysed. Secondly, the generations Y and Z most commonly  tend to be inclined to purchase by advertisements posted on social networks. To achieve the goal a section of the author’s original quantitative research was used, which was carried out at the turn of 2017 and 2018 on a sample of 660 respondents in Poland 487 and Great Britain 173.

scholarly journals Internet applications in libraries and information centers

2020 ◽  
pp. 16-23
Author(s):  
Mohammed Thakir Shaamood
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Applications ◽  
Reference Services ◽  
Document Delivery ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
The Impact

The world is witnessing a marked and rapid change in the use of the Internet in all areas of life and this is a natural development. Because the existence of the web has swelled and increased and became a lot in various magazines depend on it and greatly. Our topic today is about Internet applications in libraries and information centers. How has library performance developed in general? What are the challenges facing librarians? What is the benefit of the students and researchers? Thanks to the presence of the Internet there has been a great revolution in the performance of libraries and traditional processes and developed many of them, for example, reference services, document delivery, resource sharing, and others. Librarians and staff in information centers face significant challenges in developing their Web site. And this returned to all those who come to the library benefit, where there is a schedule of dates and official holidays, planning of buildings within the library, information center for easy access to the destination and organization of different memberships in different categories, circulation and acquisition, and easy to announce the activities of various periodicals and seminars and know all the details and special rules. This research tries to introduce the impact of the technology on the libraries in terms of librarian and library visitors and the resources in the libraries

Internet applications in libraries and information centers

2019 ◽  
pp. 19-28
Author(s):  
Mohammed Thakir Shaamood
Keyword(s):  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Applications ◽  
Reference Services ◽  
Document Delivery ◽  
Special Rules ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
The Impact

The world is witnessing a marked and rapid change in the use of the Internet in all areas of life and this is a natural development. Because the existence of the web has swelled and increased and became a lot in various magazines depend on it and greatly. Our topic today is about Internet applications in libraries and information centers. How has library performance developed in general? What are the challenges facing librarians? What is the benefit of the students and researchers? Thanks to the presence of the Internet there has been a great revolution in the performance of libraries and traditional processes and developed many of them, for example, reference services, document delivery, resource sharing, and others. Librarians and staff in information centers face significant challenges in developing their Web site. And this returned to all those who come to the library benefit, where there is a schedule of dates and official holidays, planning of buildings within the library, information center for easy access to the destination and organization of different memberships in different categories, circulation and acquisition, and easy to announce the activities of various periodicals and seminars and know all the details and special rules. This research tries to introduce the impact of the technology on the libraries in terms of librarian and library visitors and the resources in the libraries.

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