Origin of the Innovation Trajectory

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-108
Author(s):  
Jason Potts
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Entrepreneurial Opportunity ◽  
Entrepreneurial Discovery ◽  
Entrepreneurial Opportunities ◽  
The People ◽  
Fundamental Transformation ◽  
Institutional Space

This chapter explains how innovation commons work, in terms of the mechanisms of entrepreneurial discovery through institutions to pool information, and what specific problems they solve in order to discover entrepreneurial opportunities. It introduces the proto-entrepreneurs in the innovation commons, who are people exploring a new technology but who have not yet figured out the entrepreneurial opportunity. It introduces the dual-discovery problem, which is the problem of finding the people who will pool ideas into the innovation commons as well as the problem of finding the entrepreneurial opportunity. And this chapter also introduces the concept of the fundamental transformation, which is the institutional transformation when the innovation commons collapses in its extant form (although many institutional pathways are possible from this point onwards). It defines the innovation commons analytically as a higher-order discovery mechanism in institutional space.

THRESHOLDS, NICHES AND INERTIA: ENTREPRENEURIAL OPPORTUNITIES IN THE STEAMSHIP INDUSTRY

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 (04) ◽  
pp. 379-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
GREG CLYDESDALE
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Inertial Forces ◽  
Complex Relationship ◽  
Entrepreneurial Opportunity ◽  
Entrepreneurial Opportunities ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
Time Variations ◽  
Niche Formation ◽  
Over Time

This paper seeks to increase understanding of the role the environment in the emergence of business opportunities, and how opportunities change as industries evolves. It explores the dynamics of entrepreneurial opportunity in the British steamship industry. It suggests niches are created when environmental thresholds are reached. Entrepreneurs who act before thresholds are reached fail. A complex relationship between inventors, innovators/entrepreneurs and higher order opportunities is revealed illustrating the difficulty of identifying 'higher order opportunities. Over time, variations in environmental forces changed niche size and carrying capacity. Causes of new niche formation were both exogenous and endogenous supporting both Kirzner and Schumpeter. Inertial forces inhibited the ability of existing players to seize opening niches and expanded opportunities for new comers.

Analysis and Design of Environmental Protection and Energy Saving in Modern Society Building

2014 ◽  
Vol 908 ◽  
pp. 355-358
Author(s):  
Jie Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Energy Saving ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Analysis And Design ◽  
The People ◽  
Development Direction ◽  
Design Requirements

With the development of economy and the improvement of people's living level, improving living conditions and public buildings, architectural design requirements are also constantly improved. Modern architecture should consider not only beautiful and comfortable, but also take into account the design individuality, while taking into consideration the people-oriented design concept of environmental protection and energy saving. This also makes the environmental friendly and energy-saving building is the development direction of future architecture. This paper analyzes the modern architecture of the ecological and environmental protection, gives the method to realize the construction of energy-saving environmental protection design and the use of new materials, new equipment and new technology of the existing.

Teachers’ Perception on Flipped Classroom Model in Digital Literacy Era

ELT-Lectura ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-102
Author(s):  
Leni Irianti
Keyword(s):  
Professional Development ◽  
Digital Literacy ◽  
Flipped Classroom ◽  
School Teacher ◽  
New Technology ◽  
High School Teacher ◽  
Higher Order Thinking ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Teaching Model

This paper is aimed at investigating the teachers’ perception on Flipped Classroom Model in digital era. In the 21st century era the teachers should help the students to develop their higher-order thinking and to improve their literacy. The rapid changes of technology involve knowledge and understanding. In education, the teachers require to master current issue and also new technology to improve their professional development. Thus, the teacher should engage with the new trends in order to improve their professional development. Thus, the teacher develops students’ higher-order thinking where the students are able to think critically, creatively and innovatively to prepare them to compete in the globalized world. Recently, there is a lot of teaching model for teacher deal with current issues and technologies. One of them is Flipped Classroom Model which is known as inverted class model. The teachers give more time for the students to learn outside the class and discuss more inside the class. The role of the teacher is as a facilitator to improve the education quality. This study is based on an internet survey. It was conducted by online google form. The subject of this study is the senior high school teacher in West Java. The result is showed that the teacher responses positively toward new teaching model.  

Understanding Mechanics of Smooth Institutional Transformation

2018 ◽  
pp. 49-82
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Change ◽  
Social Dynamics ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Institutional Entrepreneurship ◽  
Institutional Work ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Third

Institutions, similar to other human and social undertakings, emerge and evolve following different social dynamics. The third chapter aims to discover some of the mechanisms behind smooth institutional transformations and the main elements and characteristics of institutional change. The first part makes an overview of the neo-institutional schools and their considerations for institutional change. The second part defines the basic elements of institutional change, including the analysis of exogenous and endogenous processes and characteristics. The third part outlines the agency view of institutional change and proposes an analysis of theoretical concepts of institutional entrepreneurship, institutional work and proto-institutions, the types, processes, and stages of institutional transformation. Based on that, in the discussion part, there is presented a model defining how new technology can affect institutional change combining micro and macro perspective and social actors. Finally, there are analyzed the main criteria for successful transformation of the institutionalization process.

FinTech and Its Disruption to Financial Institutions

2019 ◽  
pp. 104-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Financial System ◽  
The People ◽  
Technology Advancement ◽  
Current Stage

This chapter studies how FinTech is transforming traditional financial institutions (FIs). This chapter achieves the four related goals. First, it discusses the current stage of FinTech development in different areas such as crowdfunding, payment, blockchain, and cryptocurrency. Second, it examines how each FinTech development affects traditional FIs, in both positive and negative ways. Third, it explores how FIs are currently managing FinTech innovations. It also suggests ways through which these institutions could best utilize FinTech to better serve their customers and eventually optimize the overall financial system. Finally, following the book's focus on man's role at the center of technology advancement, this chapter discusses whether FIs' customers' needs are still placed at the center of FIs' incentives to adapt new technology, and if not, how can we focus back to the people that the financial system ultimately serves.

FinTech and Its Disruption to Financial Institutions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1679-1699
Author(s):  
Chen Liu
Keyword(s):  
Financial Institutions ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Financial System ◽  
The People ◽  
Technology Advancement ◽  
Current Stage

This chapter studies how FinTech is transforming traditional financial institutions (FIs). This chapter achieves the four related goals. First, it discusses the current stage of FinTech development in different areas such as crowdfunding, payment, blockchain, and cryptocurrency. Second, it examines how each FinTech development affects traditional FIs, in both positive and negative ways. Third, it explores how FIs are currently managing FinTech innovations. It also suggests ways through which these institutions could best utilize FinTech to better serve their customers and eventually optimize the overall financial system. Finally, following the book's focus on man's role at the center of technology advancement, this chapter discusses whether FIs' customers' needs are still placed at the center of FIs' incentives to adapt new technology, and if not, how can we focus back to the people that the financial system ultimately serves.

Online shopping environments and consumer’s Need for Touch

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. 814-826 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rupa Rathee ◽  
Pallavi Rajain
Keyword(s):  
Online Shopping ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Enabling Technology ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
The People ◽  
Online Retailers ◽  
Shopping Environments ◽  
Buying Behaviour ◽  
Online Buying

Purpose Online shopping has become a commonplace thing nowadays as people can buy products from the comfort of their home. But such environments do not offer a complete sensory interaction as consumers are unable to touch products which is quite important for certain categories of products such as apparels. Therefore, in order to find whether every individual seeks touch equally, the purpose of this paper is to deal with the differences in an individual’s preferences for touch. The study also evaluates customer responses towards the introduction of touch-enabling technology which can, to some extent, compensate for the lack of touch. Lastly, the study includes customers’ views regarding showrooming and webrooming. Design/methodology/approach A total of 203 responses were received through online and offline questionnaires. The data were analysed using ANOVA, correlation and regression analysis through SPSS version 23. Findings The results revealed that gender influenced the Need for Touch (NFT) with women having higher NFT. The people who were high in NFT preferred to buy in-store, whereas their low NFT counterparts were comfortable with both online and in-store options. Lastly, it was found that there was a significant impact of NFT on online buying behaviour. The new technology when used by online retailers would break the barriers that exist between real touch and virtual touch. Originality/value Although previous authors have given several options like mental representations, verbal details and brand image as alternatives to touch but the use of touch-enabling technology can revolutionise the way online products are perceived. The study adds value by relating NFT with online preferences, showrooming and webrooming.

scholarly journals The Torah in Transition: Imitative Aspects from Codex to Database

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-128
Author(s):  
Emily R. Stewart
Keyword(s):  
Jewish Community ◽  
New Technology ◽  
History Of The Book ◽  
Concerted Effort ◽  
The People ◽  
Reading Technology ◽  
History Of ◽  
Digital Formats ◽  
Made In

Because the significance of a sacred text comes not only from its content but also its format and materiality, the rise of digital formats is especially a concern for the Jewish community, the ‘people of the book’ (Am ha-Sefer) whose identity is rooted in the Torah. Drawing together scholarship on the history of the book in its changing formats and an illuminative case study of the Jewish Torah in its digital iterations, the Jewish case presented here is instructive but certainly not unique. Despite dramatic changes in reading technology throughout history, readers have time and again used a new technology to perform the same functions as that of the old, only more quickly, with more efficiency, or in greater quantity. While taking advantage of the innovation and novelty which characterize digital formats, a concerted effort to retain much older operations and appearances continues to be made in this transition as well. The analysis in this article aims to further dispel the misguided notion of technological supersession, the idea that new reading technologies ‘kill’ older formats in a straightforward model of elimination.

scholarly journals An Experimental Study on Plastic Blended Bituminous Concrete Mix Roads

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.35) ◽  
pp. 37
Author(s):  
T. Sarada ◽  
G. Sreeja
Keyword(s):  
Coming Out ◽  
Plastic Material ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
New Era ◽  
Pet Bottles ◽  
The People ◽  
Concrete Mix ◽  
Bituminous Concrete

In this new era there are lot of changes are onaerved.But new materials and practices are not coming out that much. Some of the people uses some partial replacement of bitumen and tar which gives some satisfactory results. But later investigations prove that all those materials are not exhibits required properties in all aspects. In that time investigators turn their eye on the recycling materials like rubber and plastic. They noticed that both materials gives the satisfactory results. On the other hand the usage of plastic (polyethylene bags, pet bottles, polystyrene and other plastic products) products increases day by day, that leads to lot of pollution due to plastic waste. This plastic material takes hundreds of years to decompose in the soil. Hence they become complicated to environment. This plastic waste stops the percolations of rain water in to the soil and affects the drainage property of soil. It also damages the soil fertility.A new technology introduced to usages of plastic waste in bitumen to strengthen the bituminous concrete mix and increase the load bearing strength. It will help to reduce the waste plastic content and also make the pavement more durable and strong, economical also 

Adaptation of the HIV Stigma Scale in Spaniards with HIV

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria José Fuster-RuizdeApodaca ◽  
Fernando Molero ◽  
Francisco Pablo Holgado ◽  
Silvia Ubillos
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Opportunistic Infections ◽  
Higher Order ◽  
Hiv Stigma ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Stigma Scale ◽  
The People ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
Hiv Status Disclosure ◽  
Order Four

AbstractThe primary goal of this study was to adapt Berger, Ferrans, & Lahley (2001) HIV Stigma Scale in Spain, using Bunn, Solomon, Miller, & Forehand (2007) version. A second goal assessed whether the four-factor structure of the adapted scale could be explained by two higher-order dimensions, perceived external stigma and internalized stigma. A first qualitative study (N = 40 people with HIV, aged 28–59) was used to adapt the items and test content validity. A second quantitative study analyzed construct and criterion validity. In this study participants were 557 people with HIV, aged 18–76. The adapted HIV Stigma Scale for use in Spain (HSSS) showed a good internal consistency (α = .88) and good construct validity. Confirmatory Factor Analyses yielded a first-order, four-factor structure and a higher-order, bidimensional structure with the two expected factors (RMSEA = .051, 90% CI [.046, .056]; RMR = .073; GFI = .96; AGFI = .96; CFI = .98). Negative relations were found between stigma and quality of life (r = –.39; p < .01), self-efficacy to cope with stigma (r = –.50; p < .01) and the degree of HIV status disclosure (r = –.35; p < .01). Moreover, the people who had suffered AIDS-related opportunistic infections had a higher score in the Perceived External Stigma dimension than those who had not suffered them, t (493) = 3.02, p = .003, d = 0.26.

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