The Boundaries of Blackness

2021 ◽  
pp. 173-208
Author(s):  
Thomas A. Guglielmo
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
American Indian ◽  
White Men ◽  
Racial Classification ◽  
World War ◽  
Colored People ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
Descent Group

Chapter 5 examines struggles over inductees’ “proper” racial classification and placement in the segregated World War II–era US military. In millions of cases, classification was routine and uncontroversial. But in hundreds of cases—involving people who identified as everything from American Indian to Moorish American to white—men challenged their official race classification, or their placement in the segregated military, or both. The most heated and consequential of these challenges revolved around the meaning and membership of “colored” (a synonym for “Negro” or black)—not white. “Colored” people were by far the most thoroughly segregated and subjugated descent group in the US military, which meant that their race classification involved not just classification itself, but also assignment to “colored” outfits. Since membership in these outfits carried so many acute disadvantages, the stakes related to the “colored” category were unquestionably highest.

Science with a Vengeance: How the US Military Created the US Space Sciences after World War II

Physics Today ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 77-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
David H. DeVorkin ◽  
Bruce Hevly
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
Space Sciences

Prologue

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Andrew Marble
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Success Story ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
First Time

Set in April 1945, Pappenheim, Germany, in the closing days of World War II, the prologue tells the dramatic tale of the first time John Shalikashvili—then a young penniless, stateless war refugee—first laid eyes on the US military, his first ever meeting with any Americans. It both introduces the theme of the importance his European past plays in his life and sets the low point of his against-the-odds success story.

The US–South Korea alliance: How the patron benefits from the protégé

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-117
Author(s):  
Sojeong Lee ◽  
Brandon Prins ◽  
Krista E. Wiegand
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
South Korea ◽  
National Security ◽  
World War ◽  
Us South ◽  
Military Alliance ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
Troop Deployment ◽  
Political Economic

Since the end of World War II, the US military has continuously deployed troops to South Korea. The alliance works as an asymmetrical alliance, where the US is a patron and South Korea is a protégé. While it is argued that this deployment has significant political, economic, and military effects on South Korea and the region, few studies have examined how the presence of US forces there enhances US military and economic power as well as national security interests. In this paper, we examine the costs and benefits of the US–South Korea alliance, specifically focusing on US troop deployment on the Korean Peninsula. In particular, we argue that the US military alliance with South Korea has significant benefits to both partners, but particularly for the sake of US national security interests. In this sense, the protégé state provides significant benefits to the patron state. We discuss the strategic importance of South Korea in US foreign policy in the region and emphasize the benefits of the US–South Korea alliance at the various levels.

“Dohnányi was not—and could not have possibly been—a war criminal” the Hungarian defense of Ernő Dohnányi, 1945–1949

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-317
Author(s):  
James Grymes
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Franz Liszt ◽  
Director General ◽  
Military Government ◽  
World War ◽  
Zoltan Kodaly ◽  
Us Military ◽  
War Criminals ◽  
The Us

In the years following World War II, Ernő Dohnányi was falsely accused of being a war criminal. Although scholars have assumed that this smear campaign was the result of a conspiracy by the entire Hungarian musical community, this widely accepted belief overlooks a number of prominent Hungarian musicians who consistently came to Dohnányi’s defense. In 1945, Zoltán Kodály led a delegation of musicians from the Franz Liszt Academy of Music who convinced the Hungarian Minister of Justice to remove Dohnányi’s name from an unofficial list of war criminals. In the following year, Kodály and Ede Zathureczky, who had succeeded Dohnányi as the Director General of the Liszt Academy, wrote letters to the US military government in support of Dohnányi’s rehabilitation. Finally, in 1949, Zathureczky obtained confirmation from the Ministry of Justice that the investigation of Dohnányi had been terminated—a message that Kodály himself communicated to Dohnányi. Drawing on documents from the Liszt Academy archives and the Dohnányi estate, this article chronicles the previously unknown Hungarian defense of Ernő Dohnányi.

Boy on the Bridge

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Marble
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Parental Influence ◽  
Family Background ◽  
Clinton Administration ◽  
World War ◽  
Joint Chiefs Of Staff ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nature Vs Nurture

John Shalikashvili: From Boy on the Bridge to Top American General tells the captivating tale of how John Shalikashvili, a penniless, stateless World War II refugee achieved the American dream by being appointed the thirteenth chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the highest-ranking officer in the US military, during the Clinton administration. Through a gripping narrative covering his wartime upbringing, aristocratic family background, parental influence, immigrant experience, and betrayals by loved ones—particularly by his high school girlfriend and by his father’s affiliation with the Waffen-SS, which came to light during Shalikashvili’s confirmation process—the biography explores the themes of nature vs. nurture and the role of agency vs. luck (i.e., the influence of his own actions vs. factors beyond his control) in determining Shalikashvili’s character, leadership abilities, and career success.

scholarly journals Creation of NATO and his role in the British–American relationship

2016 ◽  
pp. 70-85
Author(s):  
Tetyana Klynina
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Us Foreign Policy ◽  
World War ◽  
The North ◽  
Us Military ◽  
Political Cooperation ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk

Creation of NATO in the article is characterized. End of World War II gave a powerful impetus to the development of US foreign policy activities, relegating thus isolationism by the wayside. It became clear that in order to prevent a repetition of aggression in the world is necessary to create a collective security system. Close British–American cooperation during war escalated into a comprehensive Atlantic partnership, whose power was based in ideological, economic, political and military factors. Creation of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization finally secured registration of the US military and political cooperation and the UK in the form of cooperation within NATO.

scholarly journals Persuasion and Social Influence

Communication ◽  
2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Jensen ◽  
Nicholas Carcioppolo
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
World War I ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Scientific Study ◽  
Message Effects ◽  
Us Military ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
Social Scientific

Researchers have long been interested in identifying factors that might explain the success or failure of persuasive attempts. Academic study of persuasion dates back to at least ancient Greece, as Aristotle (among others) wrote about the persuasive power of various message features. This early research evolved into a field of inquiry known as rhetorical studies or rhetoric, which focuses on determining the available methods of persuasion in any situation. Social scientific study of persuasion, the focus of the present bibliography, developed in the early 1900s. This line of inquiry was initiated by experimentalists interested in message effects, a program that received additional financial support from the US military during World War I and World War II. Driven by researchers from a variety of fields, the social scientific study of persuasion is now a foundational component of advertising, marketing, psychology, communication, and public health (just to name a few). Despite the context of study, contemporary research in this domain focuses on both theory building as well as application of that theory.

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