Subversion

Metagnosis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 200-232
Author(s):  
Danielle Spencer
Keyword(s):  
Disability Studies ◽  
Philosophy Of Medicine ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Concepts Of Disease ◽  
Biological Impairment

This chapter explores the second stage of the metagnostic narrative arc: subversion. Following the conception of a metagnostic revelation as both recognition and misrecognition, it examines the ways in which the revelation may unsettle labels and categories. First, central concepts of disability studies are introduced and explored, and it is suggested that terms such as disability and impairment are illuminated and interrogated by a metagnostic revelation, as it breaches the expected mapping between body and classification. Indeed, situating a given revelation requires a sudden renegotiation of the ontological balance between biological impairment and socially constructed disability, and also subverts customary narrative strategies for situating disability. Second, the individual’s relationship with a given disease is seen anew and challenged in light of metagnosis, as are concepts of disease, illness, and sickness. This chapter also serves as an introduction to key concepts in disability studies and philosophy of medicine.

6. Social Constructivism

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Agius
Keyword(s):  
Social Constructivism ◽  
International System ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Critical Constructivism ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines the impact of social constructivism on Security Studies as well as its critique of the assumed orthodoxy of rationalist approaches to security and the international system. In particular, it considers the manner that social constructivists address the question of how security and security threats are ‘socially constructed’. The chapter first provides an overview of definitions and key concepts relating to constructivism, such as its emphasis on the importance of ideas, identity, and interaction, along with its alternative approach to thinking about security. It then explores Alexander Wendt’s three cultures of anarchy and compares conventional constructivism with critical constructivism. Finally, it analyses rationalist and poststructuralist critiques of constructivism.

scholarly journals Intersections of Disability Studies and Critical Trauma Studies: A Provocation

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel R. Morrison ◽  
Monica J. Casper
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Disability Studies ◽  
Obstetric Fistula ◽  
Cultural Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Trauma Studies ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
The Disabled

<p>In this essay, we explore possible affinities between disability studies and trauma studies. We suggest that a fruitful engagement between these fields should start with the meanings of trauma and disability in their embodiment. We offer theoretical provocations alongside a comparative cultural analysis of traumatic brain injury and obstetric fistula. Ironically, while many disability studies scholars have worked to dislodge definitions of "abnormal" from the body, a conceptual focus on stigma still keeps the disabled body partially in view. Yet wounds, impairment, and pain are erased, and in many framings, the object of analysis is an individual being, whose now-disabled body is socially constructed, and whose agency is posited as being in struggle and resistance against the normative culture. We suggest that the body itself provides a link between disability studies and critical trauma studies, arguing both for the significance of representations as well a materialist understanding of breach, for a notion of the organic, fleshy body as it is damaged, sometimes profoundly, in its operations of life.</p><p>Keywords: Disability studies; Trauma studies; Traumatic Brain Injury; Obstetric Fistula; Theory</p>

No Nuts? No Problem!

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-99
Author(s):  
Anna Rebecca Solevåg
Keyword(s):  
Disability Studies ◽  
Hebrew Bible ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Special Place ◽  
Crip Theory

This article applies a “crip reading” to the story of the Ethiopian eunuch in Acts 8:26–40. First, insights from disability studies theory and crip theory are used as a hermeneutical lens to scrutinize the socially constructed meanings of the eunuch’s bodily “stigma.” The eunuch, it is argued, is a disabled – a crip – character because his body is marked and he does not display the culturally valued ability to procreate. Second, this article shows how the meaning of bodily signs of castration and circumcision change from the Hebrew Bible to Acts and suggests that the story of the Ethiopian eunuch holds a special place in Luke’s renegotiation of bodily signs. Finally, this article explores the destabilizing potential of the story and argues that a crip Christ who defies both norms of masculinity and norms of ability emerges from the eunuch’s reading of Isaiah 53.


scholarly journals Re-Inscription of Black History/Body in Morrison's Beloved and Paradise

2020 ◽  
Vol V (IV) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
Mumtaz Ahmad ◽  
Asim Aqeel ◽  
Sahar Javaid
Keyword(s):  
Black People ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Black History ◽  
The Other ◽  
Narrative Strategies ◽  
Negative Stereotypes ◽  
Black Fiction ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insight Into

This article contends how Toni Morrison has used her black fiction to reject the dominant conceptions of reality and truth constructed by the white pahllogocentric discourses that tended to perpetuate white power interests. The poststructuralist assumption that knowledge and reality are socially constructed phenomenon provides useful insight into Morrison's narrative strategies and helps understand how, on one hand, she represents the ways the history of the black Africans had been badly disfigured in the white discourse resulting in the construction of the negative stereotypes of the black people as barbarians, savages, and uncivilized people whose mythical history and social values were invalidated as inauthentic and savage that needed the enlightening intervention of the white Europeans and, on the other hand, apart from revealing the discursive facts that control reality formation, she disrupts and displaces dominant and oppressive white knowledges.

Addressing Systems of Power and Oppression

Making Change ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
Tina P. Kruse
Keyword(s):  
Social Justice ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Young People ◽  
Critical Pedagogy ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Critical Consciousness ◽  
Access To Education ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Trauma Informed

This chapter offers a primer of key concepts and applications in social justice work. It traces the practices of critical pedagogy, the processes of critical consciousness toward social change, and the healing potential of collectivism, hope, and caring. Examples of youth social entrepreneurship demonstrate such practices in varying degrees and are discussed within the chapter. Key concepts in this chapter include methods for empowering young people to identify the uneven social order and to recognize power hierarchies as socially constructed. Relatedly, the chapter looks at the needed social healing and trauma-informed practices for harm due to gaps in access to education, employment, and opportunity.

6. Social Constructivism

2018 ◽  
pp. 74-90
Author(s):  
Christine Agius
Keyword(s):  
Social Constructivism ◽  
International System ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Security Threats ◽  
Socially Constructed ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Critical Constructivism ◽  
The Impact

This chapter examines the impact of social constructivism on Security Studies as well as its critique of the assumed orthodoxy of rationalist approaches to security and the international system. In particular, it considers the manner that social constructivists address the question of how security and security threats are ‘socially constructed’. The chapter first provides an overview of definitions and key concepts relating to constructivism, such as its emphasis on the importance of ideas, identity, and interaction, along with its alternative approach to thinking about security. It then explores Alexander Wendt’s three cultures of anarchy and compares conventional constructivism with critical constructivism. Finally, it analyses rationalist and poststructuralist critiques of constructivism.

Altered Fine Structure of B Lymphocytes Correlated with Defective Terminal Differentiation

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 386-387
Author(s):  
Dale E. Bockman ◽  
L. Y. Frank Wu ◽  
Alexander R. Lawton ◽  
Max D. Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Immune Deficiency ◽  
B Lymphocytes ◽  
Plasma Cells ◽  
Present Report ◽  
Specific Antigen ◽  
Terminal Differentiation ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Deficiency Diseases ◽  
Cell Line Generation

B-lymphocytes normally synthesize small amounts of immunoglobulin, some of which is incorporated into the cell membrane where it serves as receptor of antigen. These cells, on contact with specific antigen, proliferate and differentiate to plasma cells which synthesize and secrete large quantities of immunoglobulin. The two stages of differentiation of this cell line (generation of B-lymphocytes and antigen-driven maturation to plasma cells) are clearly separable during ontogeny and in some immune deficiency diseases. The present report describes morphologic aberrations of B-lymphocytes in two diseases in which second stage differentiation is defective.

Cryomicroscopy of multiphase latices

1991 ◽  
Vol 49 ◽  
pp. 1060-1061
Author(s):  
O. L. Shaffer ◽  
M.S. El-Aasser ◽  
C. L. Zhao ◽  
M. A. Winnik ◽  
R. R. Shivers
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Radiation Damage ◽  
Freeze Fracture ◽  
Particle Morphology ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Important Approach ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Preparation Techniques

Transmission electron microscopy is an important approach to the characterization of the morphology of multiphase latices. Various sample preparation techniques have been applied to multiphase latices such as OsO4, RuO4 and CsOH stains to distinguish the polymer phases or domains. Radiation damage by an electron beam of latices imbedded in ice has also been used as a technique to study particle morphology. Further studies have been developed in the use of freeze-fracture and the effect of differential radiation damage at liquid nitrogen temperatures of the latex particles embedded in ice and not embedded.Two different series of two-stage latices were prepared with (1) a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) seed and poly(styrene) (PS) second stage; (2) a PS seed and PMMA second stage. Both series have varying amounts of second-stage monomer which was added to the seed latex semicontinuously. A drop of diluted latex was placed on a 200-mesh Formvar-carbon coated copper grid.

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