Selective Protection in Turkey

2021 ◽  
pp. 90-131
Author(s):  
Lamis Elmy Abdelaaty
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Extreme Case ◽  
Ethnic Politics ◽  
Conventional Wisdom ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Refugee Resettlement ◽  
Refugee Convention ◽  
Selective Protection ◽  
Resettlement Programs

By analyzing the case of Turkey as a refugee-receiving country, chapter 5 allows a comparison with the more typical Egyptian case laid out in chapter 4. One of only a handful of countries that retains a geographical limitation to the 1951 Refugee Convention, Turkey has experienced several mass refugee influxes and boasts one of the largest refugee resettlement programs. The conventional wisdom in this “extreme” case emphasizes a dichotomy between European and non-European refugees. This chapter establishes that Turkish policies are more nuanced than this conventional wisdom expects. Once again, it draws on a range of sources to examine how Turkey responded to Bulgarians, Iraqis, Iranians, refugees from the former Yugoslavia, and refugees from Soviet and post-Soviet states. This analysis reveals that even seemingly general policies that exist on the books were applied selectively, a pattern that betrays the influence of foreign policy and ethnic politics on Turkey’s asylum policies.

Consolidation of Statehood through Membership in the UN: Some Remarks on Kosovo, Democracy and International Law

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 331-349
Author(s):  
Iliriana Islami ◽  
Remzije Istrefi
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
United Nations ◽  
International Law ◽  
State Building ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Advisory Opinion ◽  
International Court Of Justice ◽  
Court Of Justice ◽  
International Court ◽  
Building Process

Kosovo declared its independence on 17 February 2008. Subsequently, one of the aims of Kosovo’s foreign policy was to further consolidate this position and to justify Kosovo’s prospective membership in the United Nations. This article examines the issue of recognition, elucidating how Kosovo is different from other countries and comparing it with the case of the former Yugoslavia. Other aspects in the state-building process such as ‘building constitutionalism’ will be presented as a step toward justifying recognition and membership. Furthermore, the Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice (ICJ) of 8 October 2008 will be presented as evidence of Kosovo’s strengthening international position in its quest for further recognition. Thus, the article will discuss and analyze the arguments in favor of Kosovo being admitted to the UN.

scholarly journals Implementing the Refugee Resettlement Process: Diverging Objectives, Interdependencies and Power Relations

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Schneider
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Comparative Case Study ◽  
Refugee Resettlement ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
National Selection ◽  
Resettlement Programs ◽  
Selection Of

Refugee resettlement is implemented by many different national and international stakeholders who operate in different locations and on the basis of sometimes diverging objectives. The implementation of the resettlement process has thus been characterized as multi-level governance, with resettlement stakeholders coordinating and negotiating the selection of refugees for resettlement. Still, literature on the implementation of refugee resettlement has remained very limited and has mainly focused on one specific stakeholder or stage of the process. In addition, a common conceptualization of the different stages is currently missing in academic literature. To address this research gap, the article proposes a common terminology of all stages of the resettlement process. Highlighting the diversity of resettlement programs, the article relies on a comparative case study of the German resettlement and humanitarian admission programs from Jordan and Turkey. By drawing on the concept of multi-level governance, the article examines diverging objectives and interdependencies between resettlement stakeholders, such as UNHCR and resettlement countries. As a result, the article argues that the increasing emphasis on national selection criteria by resettlement countries, including Germany, puts resettlement countries even more in the center of decision-making authority–in contrast to a diffusion of power that characterizes multi-level governance.

scholarly journals India and Military Power Projection: Will the Land of Gandhi Become a Conventional Great Power?

Asian Survey ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 1162-1183 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter C. Ladwig
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
Conventional Wisdom ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Military Power ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Policy Orientation ◽  
Power Projection

All three branches of the Indian armed forces have recently articulated the need to operate beyond the country's immediate borders. While the Indian military is highly unlikely to achieve its more ambitious power projection objectives in the medium term, the conventional wisdom that India's traditional foreign-policy orientation precludes military power projection is untenable, especially for an aspiring regional hegemon.

scholarly journals In search of enemies: Donald Trump’s populist foreign policy rhetoric

Politics ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 026339572093537 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonny Hall
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
International Relations ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Presidential Campaign ◽  
Us Foreign Policy ◽  
Conventional Wisdom ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
The Us ◽  
Foreign Policies ◽  
New Perspective

This article asks how Donald Trump’s foreign policy rhetoric during his presidential campaign and presidency has affected US foreign policy in the area of overseas counterterrorism campaigns. Looking at two case studies – the May 2017 Arab Islamic American Summit and the US role in the counter Islamic State in Iraq and Syria (ISIS) campaign, it is argued that Trump’s foreign policy rhetoric has failed to accurately describe or legitimate his administration’s counterterrorism strategy, as per the conventional wisdom. Instead, Trump’s foreign policy rhetoric has largely been aimed at creating a sense of crisis (as populism requires) to mobilise his domestic base. In making this argument about the purpose of Trump’s foreign policy rhetoric, not only does the article contribute a new perspective to the extant literature on elections, rhetoric, and US foreign policy, but also to the burgeoning scholarship on governing populists and their foreign policies. Although these findings could be unique to Trump, the article’s novel framework – combining International Relations and populism scholarship to elaborate on how the foreign arena can be used to generate a state of perpetual crisis – can hopefully be applied in other contexts.

Bilingualism and Second Language Learning

1992 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 50-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jim Cummins
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Second Language Learning ◽  
Linguistic Diversity ◽  
Refugee Resettlement ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Cultural And Linguistic Diversity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Efficiency And Effectiveness ◽  
Resettlement Programs

Interest in the phenomena of bilingualism and second language learning among both researchers and policy-makers has continued to grow during the past five years. The continued salience of these phenomena is due in part to the rapid growth in cultural and linguistic diversity in industrialized societies brought about by increased immigration and refugee resettlement programs. Policy-makers are naturally concerned to maximize the efficiency and effectiveness of programs that teach the dominant societal language(s) to both children and adults.

Peacemakers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
James W. Pardew
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
National Security ◽  
American Foreign Policy ◽  
The United States ◽  
Former Yugoslavia ◽  
Military Force ◽  
International Crisis ◽  
The Balkans ◽  
Multilateral Cooperation ◽  
The Us

Peacemakers is a candid, inside account of the US response to the disintegration of Yugoslavia by James Pardew, an official at the heart of American policy-making, diplomacy, and military operations, from the US-led negotiations on Bosnia in 1995 until Kosovo declared independence in 2008. The book describes in colorful detail the drama of war and diplomacy in the Balkans and the motives, character, talents, and weaknesses of the heroes and villains involved. The US engagement in the former Yugoslavia is a major American foreign policy and national security success with lasting implications for the United States, Europe, and the Balkan region. It involves aggressive diplomacy, the selective use of military force and extensive multilateral cooperation. The experience demonstrates the value of American leadership in an international crisis and the critical importance of America’s relationship with European democracies. US engagement in the former Yugoslavia shows the overwhelming benefits of the shared costs and the international legitimacy of multilateral cooperation when responding to a crisis. A capable and determined US-led coalition restores stability and gives the new nations of Southeastern Europe the chance to become successful democracies in the European mainstream. Peacemakers concludes with lessons learned from the Balkan experience and insights on international crisis management of potential value to envoys and foreign policy and national security decision-makers in the future.

Anthropologists & Sudanese Refugees: Cultural Exchange in the Heartland

2003 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Mary Willis ◽  
Robert Hitchcock
Keyword(s):  
Service Providers ◽  
Refugee Resettlement ◽  
Community Members ◽  
Social Service Agencies ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Department Of Health ◽  
University Of Nebraska Lincoln ◽  
The University ◽  
Sudanese Refugees ◽  
Resettlement Programs

For nearly two decades, Lincoln, Nebraska has served as a refugee resettlement site for programs administered by the Office of Refugee Resettlement (ORR), a division of the Administration for Children and Families, within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). Recently, anthropologists from the University of Nebraska-Lincoln (UNL) have begun collaborations with (1) Nebraska HHS, (2) social service agencies, (3) resettlement programs, (4) health departments and service providers, (5) churches, (6) policy makers, and (7) Sudanese refugee community members to increase mutual understanding of US and African cultures and to highlight the relevant skills, ideologies and needs each brings to the domestic resettlement process. This paper describes some of the ongoing applied research among Sudanese refugees and emphasizes the need for, and appropriateness of, development anthropologists working within domestic resettlement programs and systems.

scholarly journals Bangladesh’s dillema between big brothers India and China

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 4468-4479
Author(s):  
Satyaki Aditya
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Policy ◽  
Indian Ocean ◽  
South Asia ◽  
Conventional Wisdom ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Small State ◽  
Indian Ocean Region ◽  
Ocean Region ◽  
Strategic Options ◽  
India And China

ABSTRACT Bangladesh is a small state in South Asia, but its pivotal geostrategic location on the contested Indian Ocean Region (IOR) and being one of the world’s fastest growing economies with 160 million population helps overshadow the small territorial size of the country. Soon after independence, in 1975 with Chinese recognition, the tug-of-war for hegemonic influence in Bangladesh began between India & China. This paper wants to test the conventional wisdom whether ‘Great power rivalries make smaller nations vulnerable.’ The paper also endeavours to predict the future relationship between the two giants in Asia amid all tensions regarding their association in regional forums like ASEAN, BIMSTEC and initiatives like BRI. The research wants to identify the strategic options in foreign policy for Dhaka and whether they have been successful in turning the neighbour’s rivalry into billions of dollars in investment.   RESUMEN Bangladesh es un pequeño estado del sur de Asia, pero su ubicación geoestratégica fundamental en la disputada región del Océano Índico (IOR) y el hecho de ser una de las economías de más rápido crecimiento del mundo, con 160 millones de habitantes, ayudan a eclipsar el pequeño tamaño territorial del país. Poco después de la independencia, en 1975, con el reconocimiento de China, comenzó el tira y afloja por la influencia hegemónica en Bangladesh entre India y China. Este documento quiere poner a prueba la sabiduría convencional de que "las rivalidades de las grandes potencias hacen vulnerables a las naciones más pequeñas". El documento también intenta predecir la futura relación entre los dos gigantes de Asia en medio de todas las tensiones relativas a su asociación en foros regionales como la ASEAN, el BIMSTEC e iniciativas como la BRI. La investigación quiere identificar las opciones estratégicas en política exterior para Dhaka y si han tenido éxito en convertir la rivalidad del vecino en miles de millones de dólares en inversiones.

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