Instructional Plans: Grades 6–8

2021 ◽  
pp. 111-157
Author(s):  
Shawna Longo
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Grade Level ◽  
Music Composition ◽  
Music Performance ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Scaled Model ◽  
Instructional Procedures ◽  
Instructional Plans ◽  
Standard Alignment

Chapter 7 presents four instructional plans that are geared toward grades 6–8. Instructional plans consist of planning necessities, standard alignment, alignment to philosophies approached in earlier chapters, as well as instructional procedures and assessments. Adaptations for other grade-level bands as well as potential extensions are available for each plan. This chapter includes the following instructional plans: Building a Fretboard, Piezoelectricity Experiments, Composing Music Using Coding, and Performing Music Using Coding. In Building a Fretboard, students will calculate the location of each fret on a fretboard and build a scaled model. In Piezoelectricity Experiments, students will engage in found-sound exploration using crystals that convert kinetic energy into audible electric energy. In Composing Music Using Coding, students will make connections between coding and traditional music composition. In Performing Music Using Coding, students will make connections between coding and music performance.

Instructional Plans: Grades 3–5

2021 ◽  
pp. 81-110
Author(s):  
Shawna Longo
Keyword(s):  
Grade Level ◽  
Musical Instruments ◽  
Recycled Materials ◽  
Instructional Procedures ◽  
Instructional Plans ◽  
Standard Alignment

Chapter 6 presents three instructional plans that are geared toward grades 3–5. Instructional plans consist of planning necessities, standard alignment, alignment to philosophies approached in earlier chapters, as well as instructional procedures and assessments. Adaptations for other grade-level bands as well as potential extensions are available for each plan. This chapter includes the following instructional plans: Invent an Instrument Using Recycled Materials, Composing Using Light: Musical Automata, and Performing Music Using Light: Theremins and Oscillators. During Invent an Instrument Using Recycled Materials, students will design and build an instrument that they can use in performance. In Composing Using Light: Musical Automata, students will use the concepts of transferring energy and photosensitive circuits to compose a piece of music. In Performing Music Using Light: Theremins and Oscillators, students will use concepts such as voltage, resistance, and oscillation, to create their own electronic musical instruments that change pitch depending on exposure to light.

Instructional Plans: Grades K–2

2021 ◽  
pp. 51-80
Author(s):  
Shawna Longo
Keyword(s):  
Grade Level ◽  
Sound Waves ◽  
Mathematical Relationship ◽  
Instructional Procedures ◽  
Sound Amplification ◽  
Available Technology ◽  
Instructional Plans ◽  
Electric Guitars ◽  
Standard Alignment

Chapter 5 presents three instructional plans that are geared toward grades K–2. Instructional plans consist of planning necessities, standard alignment, alignment to philosophies approached in earlier chapters, as well as instructional procedures and assessments. Adaptations for other grade-level bands as well as potential extensions are available for each plan. This chapter includes the following instructional plans: Shapes of Electric Guitars, Sound Amplification and Speaker Building, and Measuring Length and Pitch. In Shapes of Electric Guitars, students will design guitar bodies and perform on them using available technology. In Sound Amplification, students will analyze and experiment with sound waves, eventually building their own small speaker. In Measuring Length and Pitch, students will measure pitched tubes to determine the mathematical relationship between pitches.

Instructional Plans: Grades 9–12

2021 ◽  
pp. 158-198
Author(s):  
Shawna Longo
Keyword(s):  
Grade Level ◽  
Sound Quality ◽  
Audio Engineering ◽  
Instructional Procedures ◽  
Instructional Plans ◽  
Standard Alignment

Instructional plans consist of planning necessities, standard alignment, alignment to philosophies approached in earlier chapters, as well as instructional procedures and assessments. Adaptations for other grade-level bands as well as potential extensions are available for each plan. This chapter includes the following instructional plans: Audio Engineering: Ratios in Recording, Designing a Chromatic PVC Instrument, Controlled Voltage: Composing, Performing, and Improvising with Subtractive Electronic Synthesis, and Sound Pollution and Its Effects on Local Bird Ecology. In Audio Engineering: Ratios in Recording, students will use a method of measuring and experimentation to maximize the sound quality of a given recording environment. In Designing a Chromatic PVC Instrument, students will design a one octave chromatic instrument using mathematical calculations and representations to create initial expressive statements and explain the relationships among the frequency, wavelength, and speed of waves traveling in the PVC pipes. In Controlled Voltage: Composing, Performing, and Improvising with Subtractive Electronic Synthesis, students will interface with the subtractive architecture of electronic instruments, the concept of controlled voltage, and the function of an electronic sequencer. In Sound Pollution and Its Effects on Local Bird Ecology, students will learn about modern sound pollution and the effect it has on many different forms of ecology. Students will determine at the end of their own study whether or not there were any observed correlations between these datas captured, and if other data could be used to claim causation.

scholarly journals Hydrodynamic constraints on the energy efficiency of droplet electricity generators

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Antoine Riaud ◽  
Cui Wang ◽  
Jia Zhou ◽  
Wanghuai Xu ◽  
Zuankai Wang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Total Energy ◽  
Viscous Dissipation ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Viscous Shear ◽  
Impingement Velocity

AbstractElectric energy generation from falling droplets has seen a hundred-fold rise in efficiency over the past few years. However, even these newest devices can only extract a small portion of the droplet energy. In this paper, we theoretically investigate the contributions of hydrodynamic and electric losses in limiting the efficiency of droplet electricity generators (DEG). We restrict our analysis to cases where the droplet contacts the electrode at maximum spread, which was observed to maximize the DEG efficiency. Herein, the electro-mechanical energy conversion occurs during the recoil that immediately follows droplet impact. We then identify three limits on existing droplet electric generators: (i) the impingement velocity is limited in order to maintain the droplet integrity; (ii) much of droplet mechanical energy is squandered in overcoming viscous shear force with the substrate; (iii) insufficient electrical charge of the substrate. Of all these effects, we found that up to 83% of the total energy available was lost by viscous dissipation during spreading. Minimizing this loss by using cascaded DEG devices to reduce the droplet kinetic energy may increase future devices efficiency beyond 10%.

Multi-Stable Magnetic Spring-Based Energy Harvester Subject to Harmonic Excitation: Comparative Study and Experimental Evaluation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hieu Nguyen ◽  
Hamzeh Bardaweel
Keyword(s):  
Energy Harvesting ◽  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Chaotic Motion ◽  
Energy Harvester ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Harmonic Excitation ◽  
Jump Frequency ◽  
Piezoelectric Elements

The work presented here investigates a unique design platform for multi-stable energy harvesting using only interaction between magnets. A solid cylindrical magnet is levitated between two stationary magnets. Peripheral magnets are positioned around the casing of the energy harvester to create multiple stable positions. Upon external vibration, kinetic energy is converted into electric energy that is extracted using a coil wrapped around the casing of the harvester. A prototype of the multi-stable energy harvester is fabricated. Monostable and bistable configurations are demonstrated and fully characterized in static and dynamic modes. Compared to traditional multi-stable designs the harvester introduced in this work is compact, occupies less volume, and does not require complex circuitry normally needed for multi-stable harvesters involving piezoelectric elements. At 2.5g [m/s2], results from experiment show that the bistable harvester does not outperform the monostable harvester. At this level of acceleration, the bistable harvester exhibits intrawell motion away from jump frequency. Chaotic motion is observed in the bistable harvester when excited close to jump frequency. Interwell motion that yields high displacement amplitudes and velocities is absent at this acceleration.

Optimal Approach to Improving the Utilization of Regenerative Energy Considering Power Profile

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110049
Author(s):  
Juanjuan Cai ◽  
Jing Xun ◽  
Xiangyu Ji ◽  
Yue Lei
Keyword(s):  
Kinetic Energy ◽  
Programming Model ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Urban Rail Transit ◽  
Regenerative Braking ◽  
Energy Calculation ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Operating Modes ◽  
Optimal Approach ◽  
Regenerative Energy

Urban rail transit (URT) develops rapidly in modern cities, and its energy efficiency attracts extensive attention. The utilization of regenerative energy (URE) is an important method for energy-efficient operation of URT. Regenerative braking is an energy recovery mechanism that slows down a moving train by converting its kinetic energy into electric energy. The electric energy can be utilized for other trains to accelerate in a cooperative way. To take full advantage of the regenerative energy, an energy calculation method which considers regenerative braking power to optimize the timetable is proposed in this paper. First, four operating modes of URE are defined and an integer programming model is formulated. Second, a branch and bound algorithm is designed to solve the optimal timetable in different scenarios. Third, the model is evaluated based on the operation data from the Yanfang Line, Beijing Metro, China. For peak hours, the results illustrate that the proposed method can significantly improve URE by 73.7% compared with the original timetable. Also, URE can be improved by 46.3% for off-peak hours. Finally, the comparison between the proposed method and the method based on the kinetic energy theorem is given. The simulation results illustrate that the proposed method could increase URE by 29.7% and 9.9% for peak and off-peak hours scenarios, respectively, in comparison with the method based on the kinetic energy theorem.

scholarly journals ISSUES IN THE RELATIONSHIPS AMONG BALINESE POP MUSIC, TOURISTS, AND THE TOURISM INDUSTRY

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 80
Author(s):  
Ni Wayan Ardini ◽  
Ni Nyoman Sri Astuti ◽  
I Komang Darmayuda ◽  
Ni Luh Eka Armoni ◽  
Ketut Sumerjana
Keyword(s):  
Music Composition ◽  
Traditional Music ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Pop Music ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Modern Music ◽  
Number Of Factors

Province of Bali, Indonesia, is growing very rapidly as a tourist destination in recent decades. Currently five to six million foreign tourists visit it every year. On the other hand, Balinese pop music has also grown quite intense in the local communities, especially since the 1990s. Nevertheless, so far, there has not been a significant relationship between Balinese pop music, tourists, and the tourism businesses in this province. Balinese pop music has not been a special product of Bali tourism. This research was conducted to explore and criticize a number of factors that led to the lack of acceptance of the music as part of tourism industry. This literature study was conducted with a descriptive-qualitative approach. The results of the study show that the similarity of Balinese pop music genres to modern music in general is one of the factors. Taste of the tourists, the destinations chosen, lack of promotion, theme of the songs/music, composition, and language used in the lyrics cause the fact that Balinese pop music is less accepted by tourists, especially foreign tourists. It takes certain efforts from artists (musicians), music industry and tourism industries, and also governments to make certain concerted efforts if Balinese pop music wants to be accepted in a tourism business parallel to traditional music products which are already consumed by tourists.

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