scholarly journals Establishing Auditing Intermediaries to Verify Platform Data

2021 ◽  
pp. 169-179
Author(s):  
Ben Wagner ◽  
Lubos Kuklis
Keyword(s):  
Public Debate ◽  
Online Platform ◽  
General Lack ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Access To Data ◽  
Regulatory Decisions

This chapter provides an overview of the main problems associated with basing public regulatory decisions on unverified data, before sketching out some ideas of what a solution might look like. In order to do this, the chapter develops the concept of auditing intermediaries. After discussing which problems the concept of auditing intermediaries is designed to solve, it then discusses some of the main challenges associated with access to data, potential misuse of intermediaries, and the general lack of standards for the provision of data by large online platforms. In conclusion, the chapter suggests that there is an urgent need for an auditing mechanism to ensure the accuracy of transparency data provided by large online platform providers about the content on their services. Transparency data that have been audited would be considered verified data in this context. Without such a transparency verification mechanism, existing public debate is based merely on a whim, and digital dominance is likely to only become more pronounced.

scholarly journals The covid-19 Infodemic and Online Platforms as Intermediary Fiduciaries under International Law

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 331-347
Author(s):  
Barrie Sander ◽  
Nicholas Tsagourias
Keyword(s):  
Public Good ◽  
International Law ◽  
Online Platform ◽  
Platform Governance ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Fiduciary Relationships ◽  
The Relationship

Reflecting on the covid-19 infodemic, this paper identifies different dimensions of information disorder associated with the pandemic, examines how online platform governance has been evolving in response, and reflects on what the crisis reveals about the relationship between online platforms, international law, and the prospect of regulation. The paper argues that online platforms are intermediary fiduciaries of the international public good, and for this reason regulation should be informed by relevant standards that apply to fiduciary relationships.

Internal and External Factors Affecting the Sales of Hype Drinks in Online Platform

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Fauzan Febrian ◽  
Nazmi Fathnur Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Method ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Adaptation Strategy ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Online Platform ◽  
Online Sales ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Internal And External Factors

The Covid-19 Pandemic has hurt the beverage outlets' sales. This study investigates the strength of the internal and external factors that influenced sales in the online platforms of hype drinks. Thus, the study focused on the adaptation strategy to improve the sales in the online platform of hype drinks under environmentally-health pressures. The approach was mixed-method by obtaining the data through questionnaires, interviews, and observation. The participant in this study was consumer, employee, and owner.  Data analysis is conducted under the SWOT analysis that has four steps in presenting the data. The finding concluded that internal and external factors positively impacted the business strategy to increase online sales of beverage outlets by riding the wave of hype among customers.

Traveling across Racial Borders: TripAdvisor and the Discursive Strategies Businesses Use to Deny Racism

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 518-531
Author(s):  
Heather M. Dalmage
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Sense Of Community ◽  
Leisure Activities ◽  
Interracial Couples ◽  
Global Community ◽  
Online Platform ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Digital Discourse ◽  
A Site

Travel and leisure activities can bring many rewards, and yet for those deemed “racialized Others,” these same activities can be fraught with anxiety and tension. As in all aspects of society, racism mediates the rewards of travel and leisure. Decisions about when and how to confront racism are central in the lives of those considered racialized Others. Given a wish to de-escalate racist situations and respond later, some individuals are using online platforms to call out racism. Using a digital discourse analysis, the author explores TripAdvisor, as a site and context in which racial confrontation happens. Interracial couples facing discrimination during leisure activities may choose to confront businesses after the fact through an online platform. When businesses respond, they follow a pattern that defensively separates “service” from racism and ultimately denies racism entirely. The author begins with an analysis of the TripAdvisor platform, including the affordances and constraints. Next, the author uses a digital discourse analysis of the review-response interaction. As with other forms of colorblind racism, a close read of the content is needed to highlight racist practices. The author shows that the structure of TripAdvisor, including the quantitative ratings and rankings and written reviews and responses, works to legitimize the platform and build trust across a Eurocentric global community. This sense of community and trust is denied and remains elusive to those suffering as a result of racist abuse.

Pornification and the Mainstreaming of Sex

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Paasonen
Keyword(s):  
Public Debate ◽  
Popular Media ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Digital Cameras ◽  
Sexually Explicit Media ◽  
Western Countries ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Production Distribution ◽  
Sexually Explicit ◽  
Children’S Exposure

The changing cultural role, visibility, and meaning of pornography, particularly its increased accessibility and the sociocultural reverberations that this is seen to cause, have been lively topics of public debate in most Western countries throughout the new millennium. Concerns are routinely yet passionately voiced, especially over the ubiquity of sexual representations flirting with the codes of pornography in different fields of popular media, as well as children’s exposure to hardcore materials that are seen to grow increasingly extreme and violent. At the same time, the production, distribution, and consumption have undergone notable transformations with the ubiquity of digital cameras and online platforms. Not only is pornography accessible on an unprecedented scale, but also it is available in more diverse shapes and forms than ever. All this has given rise to diverse journalistic and academic diagnoses on the pornification and sexualization of culture, which, despite their notable differences, aim to conceptualize transformations in the visibility of sexually explicit media content and its broader sociocultural resonances.

Experience Value Cocreation on Destination Online Platforms

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (8) ◽  
pp. 1093-1107 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmei Zhang ◽  
Susan Gordon ◽  
Dimitrios Buhalis ◽  
Xifen Ding
Keyword(s):  
Structural Equation ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Mediating Effect ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Five Dimensions ◽  
Online Platform ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Modeling Analysis ◽  
Managerial Implications ◽  
Value Cocreation

Technology is critical for facilitating the experience value cocreation process in tourism. Online platforms in particular enable consumers to develop realistic expectations and to cocreate their experiences. Limited empirical research has been done to investigate the experience value cocreation process, especially in tourism. This study fills this gap by proposing a cognition–emotion–behavior model. A scenario experiment approach is used to investigate the experience value cocreation process on destination online platforms in the pretravel stage. Structural equation modeling analysis shows that online platform experience significantly affects the destination emotional experience. This, in turn, has significant effects on the five dimensions of destination engagement intention. The mediating effect of destination emotional experience on the relationship between online platform experience and destination engagement intention is supported. These findings contribute to a better understanding of the experience value cocreation process and theoretical and managerial implications are proposed.

scholarly journals Taxi Cooperatives as an Alternative to Uber

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 449-467
Author(s):  
Patrick Vlacic ◽  
Jernej Štromajer
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
Online Platform ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Global Corporation ◽  
Taxi Industry ◽  
Optimisation Techniques ◽  
Cooperative Principles

The advancement of technology and digitization has enabled the development of online platforms that represent the basis of the emerging sharing economy. Critics of the sharing economy argue that these online platforms do not serve the interests of their users, but mainly the interests of their owners and investors. That is why they propose fostering the development of an alternative to the currently predominant business model within the sharing economy, in the form of online platform cooperativism. The Uber global corporation and local taxi cooperatives are presented as model examples. To serve the interests of its investors and owners, Uber is changing the existing taxi industry, resorting to tax optimisation techniques and evading current regulations, while local taxi cooperatives act in the interests of their members and in compliance with cooperative principles, embodying a well-functioning alternative to Uber.

scholarly journals INTERNATIONAL STANDARDS IMPACT ON THE REGULATION OF NATIONAL TAXI AGGREGATOR MARKETS

2020 ◽  
pp. 146-161
Author(s):  
M. G. Girich ◽  
A. Saule
Keyword(s):  
Law Enforcement ◽  
Sharing Economy ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Vehicle Safety ◽  
Online Platform ◽  
Passenger Transportation ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Traffic Security ◽  
International Transport

The development of the sharing economy has affected the change in the passenger transportation market, as online platforms for taxi services have appeared. For example, Uber Technologies plays a significant role in the market, which in 2017 won first place in the top 10 startups of the sharing economy. Currently, there are many problems that arise with the regulation of online taxi platforms. The Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development, together with the International Transport Forum, is conducting a study of the law enforcement practices of countries regarding the regulation of online taxi platforms (or taxi aggregators), in particular, the problems of deploying the online platform for the transport of passengers and baggage by passenger taxi as a regular online platform or as a transport provider, and licensing problems for such online platforms, problems of control over obtaining permission directly by the driver, problems of vehicle safety of control over the drivers, ensure quality of service, traffic security problems and etc.

Indian policy on private cryptocurrencies is hardening

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Market Share ◽  
Public Debate ◽  
Indian Policy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Digital Payments ◽  
Access To Data

Subject Policy on cryptocurrencies. Significance A government proposal entitled ‘Banning of Cryptocurrencies and Regulation of Official Digital Currencies Bill 2019’, which has yet to be released for public debate, was leaked this week. This comes just as Facebook’s plan to launch a fiat-currency-linked cryptocurrency, Libra, has worried regulators worldwide. Impacts Libra threatens the market share of large players in the digital payments sphere such as Amazon and Paytm. Firms whose products are marketed by merchants through Facebook using Libra may lose access to data about those buyers. This would redefine competition in the e-commerce sector.

Motivations for Value Co-creation in Higher Education Institutions Using Online Platforms: Case of Idea Bank

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabil Hasan ◽  
Azizah Abdul Rahman ◽  
Faisal Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Value Creation ◽  
Stakeholder Engagement ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Market Positioning ◽  
Online Platform ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
Initial Results

The involvement of stakeholders in value creation is one of the successful marketing techniques. It helps to introduce a very clear view of understanding the stakeholder’s needs, thought and suggestions. Stakeholder engagement in value creation will highlight the fact that new ideas for developing services or products will help to meet customer’s needs and expectations. Ideation is one of the most important strategies that lead to development of such services, enhancing service quality and innovation. Motivation for generating ideas from stakeholders in Higher Educational Institutions (HEIs) through online interaction platforms is one of the challenges that needs further exploration, because of  human differences in the nature of motivation and mindset. Universiti Teknologi Malaysia (UTM) idea bank online platform is adopted as a case study in this research paper. The main aim of this study is to identify the factors that encourage stakeholders in HEIs to be continuously involved in value co-creation through available online platforms. Interviews with sample of active stakeholders have been conducted using open end questions. In addition, observation on idea bank website and analyzing the archive and website history is considered. The initial results identify three areas of motivations for value co-creation in HEIs: organizational motives, online platform characteristics, individual motives. Results and implications for this case study will help HEIs such as universities achieve better global market positioning, to differentiate themselves among others, and to develop stakeholder’s competencies.  

Professional web meetings and online seminars: Pros and Cons

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-48
Author(s):  
Mahesh Kumar Gupta ◽  
Jitendra Varsakiya
Keyword(s):  
Technical Skill ◽  
Online Platform ◽  
Online Platforms ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Video Calling

Many online platforms emerges and got huge popularity in this pandemic situation for virtual conferences like Zoom, Microsoft team, Google meet[, Cisco WebEx, you tube live, Facebook group messengers, WhatsApp group video calling etc. No doubt the online platform is best for every sector in such pandemic situation to handle the routine works. The attention is that to make awareness and enhance the technical skill of professionals towards online platform.

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