Frege’s and Russell’s New Logic

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-44
Author(s):  
Oskari Kuusela
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Logical Language ◽  
Key Issues

This chapter discusses the background of Wittgenstein’s work in the logical methodologies of Frege and Russell. It outlines the dialectical context and background for the problems in the work of Frege and Russell discussed in chapters 2 and 3, and to which Wittgenstein responds in the Tractatus by developing further their philosophies of logic and logical methodologies. Key issues to be addressed are the notion of a logical language or a concept-script, the sense in which logic is not a branch of psychology, and Frege’s and Russell’s accounts of logic as a science. The final section 1.4 contextualizes the interpretation of the Tractatus proposed in subsequent chapters by situating it in the context of current scholarly disputes regarding the Tractatus, between the so-called resolute reading and traditional metaphysical interpretations that attribute ineffable nonsensical theses to the Tractatus.

scholarly journals Big Data Revisited: A Rejoinder

2015 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jannis Kallinikos ◽  
Ioanna D Constantiou
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Data Capture ◽  
Sensor Data ◽  
Data Generation ◽  
Social Data ◽  
Use Of Data ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Communicative Processes

We elaborate on key issues of our paper New games, new rules: big data and the changing context of strategy as a means of addressing some of the concerns raised by the paper's commentators. We initially deal with the issue of social data and the role it plays in the current data revolution. The massive involvement of lay publics as instrumented by social media breaks with the strong expert cultures that have underlain the production and use of data in modern organizations. It also sets apart the interactive and communicative processes by which social data is produced from sensor data and the technological recording of facts. We further discuss the significance of the very mechanisms by which big data is produced as distinct from the very attributes of big data, often discussed in the literature. In the final section of the paper, we qualify the alleged importance of algorithms and claim that the structures of data capture and the architectures in which data generation is embedded are fundamental to the phenomenon of big data.

Developing Student-Driven Learning

2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Chris Watkins
Keyword(s):  
Learning Strategies ◽  
Final Section ◽  
The Third ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Multi Level

The aim of this chapter is to introduce some contextual and conceptual matters which can affect the development of student-driven learning strategies. There are four sections. The first connects the rationale for student-driven learning strategies with what we know about dominant patterns in the classroom. The second offers a multi-level view of key issues in the context that can help or hinder development. The third makes suggestions about the process of development of student-driven learning strategies. A final section considers definitions.

scholarly journals Embracing The Future: What Can Accounting Graduates Expect?

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 531-538
Author(s):  
Sheree M. Corkern ◽  
Sandra B. Parks ◽  
Mark I. Morgan
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Accounting Students ◽  
Search Process ◽  
Accounting Profession ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
The Future ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Accounting Graduates ◽  
Insight Into

This article informs accounting educators and graduates about key issues in the accounting profession of today, which has entered a new age, and accounting educators and advisors, old and new, must be informed about future prospects for students and make students aware of what they can expect as accounting graduates. Passing this knowledge to students early on provides them with advanced understanding of what the future holds for accounting professionals and will allow students to better embrace their future once they graduate. This article emphasizes supply and demand, hiring and salary practices, and potential job opportunities for the accounting graduate. Information on the various certifications available for accountants and the interview process is included as well. The final section within the article offers insight into the future of the accounting profession. With this paper, educators and advisors gain knowledge to assist accounting students with their future career search process. Students will still need assistance to help them navigate the new environment that they are about to enter, but a clearer understanding of what to expect provides a better foundation on which to build a successful career.

Parental Leave and Beyond

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Final Section ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Early Parenthood ◽  
International Perspectives ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Leave Policy ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Different Parts

This volume brings together contributors from 18 countries to provide international perspectives on the politics of parental leave policies in different parts of the world. Initially looking in depth at the politics of care leave policies across Europe, the US, Latin America and Asia, the book moves on to consider a variety of key issues in depth, including gender equality, flexibility and challenges for fathers in using leave. In the final section of the book, contributors look beyond the early parenthood period to consider possible future directions for care leave policy in order to address the wider changes and challenges that our societies face.

scholarly journals Change and Continuities: Taiwan's Post-2008 Environmental Policies

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 129-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simona A. Grano
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Environmental Governance ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Environmental Policies ◽  
Environmental Movement ◽  
Petrochemical Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Facility ◽  
Policy Making Process ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Democratic Principles

In representative governments, a healthy turnover of power among ruling parties is viewed as a critical sign of democratic principles. In a political environment where voters’ opinion is the key political driver, the greatest challenge facing the NGO community is often that environmental concerns only represent secondary aspects of the policy-making process. This article focuses on the transformations (or lack thereof) in Taiwan's environmental governance, under different political parties, particularly during the past few years. I begin with an overview of the key issues that have characterised Taiwan's environmental movement and its battles, starting with the democratic transition of the mid-1980s, before focusing on two developmental projects – Taiwan's eighth petrochemical plant and fourth nuclear power facility – to bring to light the most significant changes and continuities in the environmental-policy realm. I pay special attention to the post-2008 period and the ensuing renaissance experienced by the environmental movement, among others. The final section considers the consequences of the KMT's second electoral victory – in January 2012 – for environmental policies and, in light of the article's findings, summarises what has changed and what has consistently remained the same under different ruling parties.

Presuppositions, Projection, and Accommodation

2019 ◽  
pp. 82-113
Author(s):  
Florian Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Current Literature ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Final Section ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Discourse Context ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Experimental Approaches

This chapter reviews experimental work on presupposition, both in terms of methodological developments and the theoretical implications of experimental results. Presuppositions convey information that is typically assumed to already be taken for granted by the discourse participants. Furthermore, they are characteristically unaffected by a variety of linguistic embedding environments, such as negation, conditionals, and questions. After providing a brief background on the topic, and introducing key issues from the current literature, experimental approaches to investigating presuppositions are discussed, covering both unembedded and embedded environments, as well as the relation of presuppositions to the discourse context. The final section concludes and provides an outlook on future directions for the field.

State Withdrawals from the Rome Statute of the International Criminal CourtSouth Africa, Burundi, and The Gambia

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manisuli Ssenyonjo
Keyword(s):  
International Criminal Court ◽  
Rome Statute ◽  
Final Section ◽  
International Criminal ◽  
Criminal Court ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
International Crimes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Key Issues

In 2016, African leaders’ growing discontent with the work of the International Criminal Court in Africa culminated in the unexpected withdrawal of three African states parties from the ICC. This chapter examines several key issues connected with the three states’ notifications of withdrawal. The first part examines reasons for the filing of the withdrawal notifications. The second section analyses the likely legal and other consequences of the withdrawal notifications for states parties. In the third part, the chapter considers whether the African Court on Human and Peoples’ Rights might serve as a suitable African regional alternative or a mechanism that could be complementary to the ICC. The final section offers concluding observations, debating whether the three African states should consider withdrawing their withdrawal notifications and outlining measures that might be taken to avoid, or at least minimize, further withdrawals and to avoid conferring impunity of perpetrators of international crimes in states that have withdrawn from the Rome Statute.

Probing vacancies and structural distortions at individual defects in ceramics using EELS

1996 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 678-679
Author(s):  
D. J. Wallis ◽  
N. D. Browning
Keyword(s):  
Structural Information ◽  
Core Loss ◽  
Nearest Neighbors ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscope ◽  
Real Space ◽  
Atomic Scale ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Key Issues

In electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS), the near-edge region of a core-loss edge contains information on high-order atomic correlations. These correlations give details of the 3-D atomic structure which can be elucidated using multiple-scattering (MS) theory. MS calculations use real space clusters making them ideal for use in low-symmetry systems such as defects and interfaces. When coupled with the atomic spatial resolution capabilities of the scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM), there therefore exists the ability to obtain 3-D structural information from individual atomic scale structures. For ceramic materials where the structure-property relationships are dominated by defects and interfaces, this methodology can provide unique information on key issues such as like-ion repulsion and the presence of vacancies, impurities and structural distortion.An example of the use of MS-theory is shown in fig 1, where an experimental oxygen K-edge from SrTiO3 is compared to full MS-calculations for successive shells (a shell consists of neighboring atoms, so that 1 shell includes only nearest neighbors, 2 shells includes first and second-nearest neighbors, and so on).

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