Living History

2020 ◽  
pp. 84-121
Author(s):  
Jane Gilbert ◽  
Simon Gaunt ◽  
William Burgwinkle
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
French Language ◽  
British History ◽  
Living History ◽  
Language Community ◽  
Prose Romance ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Historical Text ◽  
French And English

This chapter discusses Peter Langtoft’s French-language epic chronicle of British history (c. 1307 and disseminated mainly in north-eastern England), and its most luxurious surviving manuscript: London, BL, Royal MS 20 A II. This early fourteenth-century manuscript contained other historical, lyric, and prophetic material in French and English; in the second half of the same century, abridged segments of the Lancelot en prose and Queste del Saint Graal were appended, along with a letter about recent events in the eastern Mediterranean. We ask: how does a historical text produce itself, how does it authorize itself, and what are the roles of language and of discourse? We show how the Arthurian prose romance extracts in French adapt the manuscript’s earlier contents to England’s changing political and cultural concerns. The use of a single language—French—enhances and directs the potential for meaningful conflict within and beyond the language community.

Francophone Literary Culture on the Move

2020 ◽  
pp. 58-83
Author(s):  
Jane Gilbert ◽  
Simon Gaunt ◽  
William Burgwinkle
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Literary Culture ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Northern Italy ◽  
Low Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
Prose Romance

This chapter connects northern Italy with networked vectors of transmission encompassing the Low Countries, Britain, France, and the eastern Mediterranean: Arthurian prose romance is a vehicle for, and an instrument of, a pan-European chivalric vision of the past, present, and future. This Christianizing interest in figures like Tristan and Guiron le Courtois connects Italy with the Low Countries and the eastern Mediterranean in particular. A key feature of the transmission of this material, and one that grows in importance by the fourteenth century, is compilation. The famous Arthurian compilation (c. 1270) of Rusticiaus de Pise gathers episodes from different romance traditions. Guiron le Courtois circulates in ever-expanding compilations between the Low Countries and Northern Italy.

Westward Palaearctic range expansion of Papilio demoleus Linnaeus, 1758 (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) and its arrival at Mediterranean coastal regions of Turkey and Syria

2020 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-272
Author(s):  
Onat Başbay ◽  
Mudar Salimeh ◽  
Eddie John
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Invasive Pest ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Coastal Regions ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
The World ◽  
Invasive Pest Species ◽  
Papilio Demoleus

We review the continuing and extensive spread of Papilio demoleus in south-eastern Turkey and in regions of Turkey and Syria adjacent to the north-eastern Mediterranean. Since the authors documented the arrival of this attractive but potentially destructive papilionid species at coastal areas of Syria in 2019, regular monitoring has confirmed successful overwintering there, as well as in Turkey. As previously indicated, P. demoleus is widely recognized as an invasive pest species in Citrus-growing areas of the world and hence its arrival is of potential economic importance to a region in which citrus is widely grown.

Coastal inundation in the north-eastern mediterranean coastal zone due to storm surge events

2010 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannis N. Krestenitis ◽  
Yannis S. Androulidakis ◽  
Yannis N. Kontos ◽  
George Georgakopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Storm Surge ◽  
Coastal Zone ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Coastal Inundation ◽  
The North ◽  
North Eastern

LANGUAGE, CULTURE, AND POWER IN GUILLEM DE TORROELLA’S LA FAULA

2021 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
JILL ROSS
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
French Language ◽  
The Political ◽  
Cultural Appropriation ◽  
Cultural Hegemony ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
The Third ◽  
Cultural Power

This article examines the role of French language and culture in the fourteenth-century Arthurian text, La Faula, by the Mallorcan, Guillem de Torroella. Reading the appropriation of French language and literary models through the lens of earlier thirteenth-century Occitan resistance to French political and cultural hegemony, La Faula’s use of French dialogue becomes significant in light of the political tensions in the third quarter of the fourteenth century that saw the conquest of the Kingdom of Mallorca by that of Catalonia-Aragon and the subsequent imposition of Catalano-Aragonese political and cultural power. La Faula’s clear intertextual debt to French literary models and its simultaneous ambivalence about the authority and reliability of those models makes French language into a space for the exploration of the dynamics of cultural appropriation and political accommodation that were constitutive of late fourteenth-century Mallorca.

Late Helladic IIIA 2 Pottery from Mycenae

1965 ◽  
Vol 60 ◽  
pp. 159-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth French
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Previous Article ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

The L.H. IIIA 2 period according to Furumark's chronology covers the fourteenth century, a crucial phase in Mycenaean history and, whatever absolute dates are eventually assigned to the period, the pottery belonging to it marks the vast expansion of Mycenaean trade throughout the Eastern Mediterranean. It is therefore extremely important to determine what pottery must and what pottery may belong to L.H. IIIA 2. The definition of L.H. IIIA 1 pottery adopted in a previous article enables us to deal with the beginning of the period. The division between L.H. IIIA 2 late and L.H. IIIB 1 can be placed, in terms of the pottery from settlement sites, at one of two points. The earlier would be the introduction of the vertical (as compared with horizontal or diagonal) Whorl-Shells. This was suggested by Mackeprang. The later point, and the one adopted in this discussion, is the introduction of the Deep Bowl (FS 284) and in unpainted ware the Conical Kylix (FS 274). This later terminus seems preferable as a more radical and easily recognizable development.

Life-history traits of the marbled electric ray, Torpedo marmorata Risso, 1810, from the Greek Seas, north-eastern Mediterranean Sea

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Archontia Chatzispyrou ◽  
Chrysoula Gubili ◽  
Konstantinos Touloumis ◽  
Dimitrios Karampetsis ◽  
Serafeim Kioulouris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Torpedo Marmorata ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean Sea ◽  
North Eastern

The Organisation of Multilingual Miscellanies

Insular Books ◽  
2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ad Putter
Keyword(s):  
French Language ◽  
Medieval Manuscripts ◽  
French And English ◽  
Multiple Languages

This chapter examines the use of multiple languages, and particularly the co-existence of English and French items, in one and the same codex, focusing on miscellanies from the 13th to the 15th centuries. It argues that the question of whether scribes mixed French and English texts in manuscript miscellanies depended not just on chronology but also on the types of text they copied. To substantiate this case, I compare the situation of romances, which rarely circulated with French-language companions in manuscript, with those of lyrics, which mixed freely with French lyrics. The association of the lyric with francophone culture explains why English and French lyrics continued to be copied alongside each other in medieval manuscripts.

“Ridiculousness and Risibility”

2019 ◽  
pp. 119-149
Author(s):  
Eric Lawee
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Literary Expression ◽  
Jewish Intellectual

The religiocultural setting that looms largest in tracing critical receptions of the Commentary is the veritable Babel of Jewish intellectual and literary expression in the eastern Mediterranean. Something unprecedented occurs in the writings of scholars with certain or highly probable eastern Mediterranean (Byzantine) affiliations: the Commentary is subjected to intense and at times systematic criticism from a position of frank superiority. The critics focus on two things: misguided exegesis, especially as expressed in the Commentary’s surfeit of midrash, and thse scandalously unscientific understanding of the Torah that Rashi is charged with promoting. The main focus in this chapter falls on Revealer of Secrets (Ṣafenat pa‘neaḥ), a Torah commentary by the fourteenth-century Eleazar Ashkenazi, who stands as the earliest datable figure to adopt a stance of arrant scorn toward Rashi. Study of his work provides a window into a world of rhetorically intense resistance to Rashi elaborated more fully by other scholars.

Out of Bounds

2020 ◽  
pp. 57-92
Author(s):  
Alex Davis
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
As You Like It ◽  
Prose Romance ◽  
Thomas Lodge

In the fourteenth-century romance of Gamelyn, Sir John of Boundys wills that the greater part of his land should pass to the youngest of his sons, Gamelyn, defying the convention of primogeniture. After his father’s death, Gamelyn is forced to flee to the greenwood and take up life as an outlaw. This chapter examines this narrative as it plays out in Gamelyn and in Gamelyn’s literary successors. Gamelyn was adapted by Thomas Lodge, who used it as the basis of his prose romance Rosalynde; Rosalynde in turn served as the source for Shakespeare’s play As You Like It. I argue that this line of adaptation forms a ‘testamentary fiction’: a narrative about legacies and bequests that uses the idea of inheritance to frame itself as an object of transmission. I also argue that this tradition ultimately serves to celebrate a quasi-sovereign will exercised through the possession of landed property.

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