Redeeming the Past

2020 ◽  
pp. 233-272
Author(s):  
Samuel Lebens
Keyword(s):  
Philosophy Of Time ◽  
General Shape ◽  
The Past ◽  
Minimal Description

This chapter sketches the general shape of Jewish eschatology. After laying out the minimal description that the Messiah is expected to fulfill, this chapter argues that the philosophy of time, properly understood, allows us to hope for a much more radical end of days; one that doesn’t just redeem our future, but one that also redeems our past.

Kant’s Transcendental Idealism About Time: a Neglected Alternative

Kant-Studien ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 110 (3) ◽  
pp. 413-436
Author(s):  
Hope C. Sample
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Order ◽  
Transcendental Idealism ◽  
The Other ◽  
Philosophy Of Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future

Abstract When interpreters orient Kant’s philosophy of time in relation to McTaggart’s distinction among different ways of characterizing a temporal order, they claim that he is best described as endorsing an A series position according to which there is a metaphysically privileged present that determines the past and the future. Whether Kant might also be understood as a proponent of the B series - according to which there is no privileged present, but rather time is comprised of relations of earlier than, later than, and simultaneity - has not been discussed in the literature. I argue that, for Kant, the appearances can be described as an A series, while the phenomena are to be understood as a B series, neither of which is more fundamental than the other. Contra a common approach in the literature that neglects a metaphysical difference between appearances and phenomena, I argue Kant’s transcendental idealism about time is best understood in relation to his account of appearances and phenomena.

scholarly journals Temps et psychanalyse chez Ricoeur. Confrontation de deux perspectives sur le passé

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 148-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Boutet
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Philosophy Of Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Future ◽  
The One ◽  
A Charge

This paper confronts two conceptions of the past that one can find alternately in Ricœur’s thought. The first, encountered in Time and Narrative and elsewhere, apprehends the past as a soil of possibilities able to guide expectations directed towards the future; the second, taken back from Freud’s psychoanalysis, defines it as a charge that haunts the present as a compulsive repetition. There are two issues to this confrontation between a past that opens up a future and one that closes it. On the one hand, we want to show what effects Ricœur’s lectures of Freud have had on his own philosophy of time; on the other hand we want to reveal, in the light of the problem that rises from a haunting past, the practical scope of the idea of an indeterminate past

“Nos Nescientes de Hoc Velle Manere”—“We Wish to Remain Ignorant about This”: Timeless End, or: Approaches to Reconceptualizing Eschatology after A.D. 800 (A.M. 6000)

Traditio ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 73-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Heil
Keyword(s):  
Ninth Century ◽  
Significant Shift ◽  
Philosophy Of Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Awakening ◽  
The World ◽  
Counting Time ◽  
The Future

The more spectacular a prediction is, the more frustrating it becomes when the prescribed date passes and nothing happens. This essay will discuss not so much the predictions of yesterday but rather the awakening of the morning after. False predictions left a gap and created the need for explicit or implicit responses to the failed prediction, a need that could be filled by modifying the calculations or condemning fresh speculation. This essay shows how people managed to reconceptualize the order of the world aftera.d.800 =a.m.[annus mundi] 6000, the beginning of the supposed seventh, ultimate millennium. As we consider the intellectual progress of the ninth century, we also need to look at the link between the Carolingian reform and the release of apocalyptic tension or post-apocalyptic exhaustion. This investigation builds on recent contributions to the field of medieval eschatology, especially those of Wolfram Brandes, Richard K. Emmerson, Johannes Fried, Richard Landes, Bernard McGinn, and others. It focuses on selected sources, and particularly on exegetical texts, to show that overcoming the eschatological crisis caused more than a shift in the system of counting years, fromannus munditoab incarnatione Domini.Questions about dates led to general reflections about time, the past and the future. The significant shift, therefore, was from counting time to a philosophy of time.

scholarly journals Philosophy of History of N.A. Berdyaev: The Existential End of History or an Apocalipsis Interiorized

2020 ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
Artem Khamidulin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Opportunity To Learn ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Philosophy Of Time ◽  
Religious Philosophy ◽  
End Of History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment

The article analyzes the philosophy of history of N. A. Berdyaev. The starting point of the article is the thesis about the relationship between the problematics of time and historical science. It is noted that for Berdyaev, the philosophy of time is one of the main themes of his philosophy of history. Attention is drawn to the feeling of dissatisfaction experienced by Berdyaev with the fluidity and mobility of time. The perception of the philosopher of time as solicitude and, to a large extent, as an evil or a disease that must be overcome is explicated. The reality of the past and future times equal to the present is revealed. The author demonstrates the bliss inspired by actual experience and philosophy of time. Concept of psychological time of Augustine, which justifies the reality of the past, present and future. Teaching about the instantaneity of the present as a point of interaction between time (historical and cosmic) and eternity (celestial time) of Berdyaev is considered. The possibility of experiencing this kind of moment is considered by Berdyaev on the basis of the existential dimension of time that flows in the depths of the human spirit. The author notes the influence of the teaching about the moment by Danish philosopher Sшren Kierkegaard on Berdyaev. A parallel is drawn between teaching on the meaning of the moment by Berdyaev and the concept of "kairos" of German theologian Paul Tillich. The article analyzes eschatology of Berdyaev, which determines his belonging to the traditions of the Russian religious philosophy of history. Two possible ways to overcome time are revealed: in an instant, i.e. repeatedly during human life, and as a result of the total end of history, which, according to Berdyaev, is also to a large extent a phenomenon of the existential sphere of being. According to Berdyaev, this kind of exit from time gives the opportunity to learn the meaning of history, on the one hand, and to free oneself from the enslaving power of time, on the other. It is concluded that Berdyaev understood the end of history existentially as a special spiritual experience that allows us to overcome time and look at history in terms of eternity.

scholarly journals Japanese Philosopher Seiichi Hatano (1877–1950) on the Problems of Time

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-56
Author(s):  
Liubov B. Karelova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
The Self ◽  
Western Philosophy ◽  
Philosophy Of Time ◽  
The Past ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Critical Understanding ◽  
Western Intellectual

The name of Seiichi Hatano (1877–1950) is still not so widely known outside of Japan. At the same time, he belongs to those outstanding Japanese thinkers of the first half of the twentieth century, who not only introduced to their compatriots the history of Western philosophy, but also acted as generators of original concepts created on the basis of deep critical understanding of the Western intellectual heritage. The article deals with the reconstruction of Seiichi Hatano’s theory of time, formulated in his monograph “Time and Eternity” (1943), which crowned his creative career. The starting point of Hatano’s philosophy of time were studies of the basic human experience, which he interpreted in terms of the flow of life and the interaction of the Self and the Other. The subject of the Japanese thinker’s special interest was the problem of overcoming temporality. Hatano’s original contribution to the theory of time was the creation of the three-fold scheme of temporality, considered on the main levels of life – natural, cultural, and religious, conclusions about the divergence of time at the natural and cultural levels, and the idea that the past in history is governed by the perspective of the future.

scholarly journals On interface transmission conditions for conservation laws with discontinuous flux of general shape

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (02) ◽  
pp. 343-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Andreianov ◽  
Clément Cancès
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Laws ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Interface Condition ◽  
Finite Volume Schemes ◽  
General Shape ◽  
Riemann Solvers ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Cauchy Problem ◽  
Discontinuous Flux ◽  
Approximate Riemann Solvers

Conservation laws of the form ∂tu + ∂xf(x;u) = 0 with space-discontinuous flux f(x;⋅) = fl(⋅)1x<0 + fr(⋅)1x>0 were deeply investigated in the past ten years, with a particular emphasis in the case where the fluxes are "bell-shaped". In this paper, we introduce and exploit the idea of transmission maps for the interface condition at the discontinuity, leading to the well-posedness for the Cauchy problem with general shape of fl,r. The design and the convergence of monotone Finite Volume schemes based on one-sided approximate Riemann solvers are then assessed. We conclude the paper by illustrating our approach by several examples coming from real-life applications.

Temporalities

2018 ◽  
pp. 233-270
Author(s):  
Martin Scherzinger
Keyword(s):  
Linear Time ◽  
Philosophy Of Time ◽  
The West ◽  
The Past ◽  
Colonial Expansion ◽  
Cyclical Time ◽  
History Of ◽  
Material History ◽  
Rhythm And Meter ◽  
The One

This chapter examines the question of musical temporality in broad historical perspective. Through a series of reflections on the philosophy of time, theories of musical time, and the material history of time in the past 250 years, the chapter outlines the basic temporal antinomies of the West. This modern conception of temporality, broadly construed as a precisely-segmented linear time set against narratives of alternative, cyclical time, is shown to be bound up with the project of colonial expansion. The chapter furthermore argues that the value brought to analyses of global time by new phenomenologies of listening, on the one hand, and by disjunctures and differences of polychronic scale, on the other, are grounded in ab initio exclusions of certain modes of practice and thought. By scrutinizing the double conceptions of rhythm and meter in relation to African musical practice, the chapter suggests an opening for thinking outside of hegemonic time.

Bernstein’s Philosophy of Time: An Unknown Manuscript by Nikolai Bernstein (1949)

Motor Control ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Mark L. Latash ◽  
Vera L. Talis
Keyword(s):  
Dimensional Space ◽  
Scientific Discourse ◽  
Measurement Time ◽  
Definition Of Life ◽  
Philosophy Of Time ◽  
Unpublished Manuscript ◽  
Sense Of Humor ◽  
The Past ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Unknown Manuscript

The authors have presented an unpublished manuscript by Nikolai Aleksandrovich Bernstein written in the form of a diary in 1949. Bernstein focused on the concept of time as a coordinate in four-dimensional space and discussed a variety of issues, including the definition of time, its measurement, time travel, asymmetry of the past and future, and even linguistics. In particular, he offered a definition of life tightly linked to the concept of time. Overall, this manuscript offers a glimpse into Bernstein’s thinking, his sense of humor, and his sarcasm, intimately coupled with the very serious attitude to scientific discourse.

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