scholarly journals Metalepsis, Grief, and Narrative in Aeneid 2

Metalepsis ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 167-194
Author(s):  
Helen Lovatt
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Response ◽  
Emotional Engagement ◽  
First Person ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Emotional Function ◽  
Emotional Effects ◽  
Opening Up ◽  
Intense Emotion

This chapter investigates the emotional function of metalepsis by considering the case of Virgil, Aeneid 2, a book which combines intense emotion with great narrative complexity. Analysing multiple metaleptic features in the book, it offers a model for reading emotional intensity in terms of immersion and alienation, and concludes that metalepsis may paradoxically both alienate readers and intensify their emotional engagement. The chapter begins by exploring the layered first-person narratives produced by Aeneas and Sinon, both of whom use their grief to establish authority and create a positive reception. It argues that the constant interplay between the levels of the external narrator and these two internal ones creates dissonances for readers, but ultimately intensifies the emotional response of the various levels of audience, both internal (Dido) and external. The chapter then demonstrates that moments of narrative transition are often characterized both by emotional intensity and by lack of narrative realism, opening up the potential for metalepsis by means such as anachronism and simile. A study of the deaths of Polites and Priam shows how puns, intertextual references, and connections to the contemporary world of author and audience can all serve to enhance immediacy even when one might expect them to create distance. Finally, the chapter asks in what sense one can really say with Genette that Virgil ‘has Dido die’, making the case that the death of Dido, too, is a metaleptic moment with paradoxical emotional effects.

Tackling the emotional toll together: How journalists address harassment with connective practices

Journalism ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 146488492110552
Author(s):  
Anu Kantola ◽  
Anu A Harju
Keyword(s):  
Professional Identity ◽  
Community Of Practice ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Emotional Engagement ◽  
Practice Research ◽  
Trial And Error ◽  
Online Harassment ◽  
Emotional Labour ◽  
Mutual Engagement ◽  
Emotional Effects

In this article, we examine how journalists address and tackle online harassment by connective practices that involve joint action with peers and editors that we find are particularly effective in addressing the emotional effects of harassment. Theoretically, we bridge community of practice research with theories of emotional labour to develop a novel perspective to examine online harassment. Drawing on 22 interviews with Finnish journalists, we find three categories of connective practices that are particularly effective in tackling harassment: (1) supportive connection between the journalist and the editor; (2) shared collegial practices among peers in the newsrooms and (3) emotional engagement among peers outside the newsroom. All three categories illustrate how journalists as a community of practice develop new practices through dynamic processes innovation, improvisation, trial and error, reciprocal learning and mutual engagement. Importantly, emotional labour forms an important dimension of these practices as the journalists jointly address and tackle the emotional effects of harassment. We posit that the effectiveness of these connective practices largely stems from their ability to provide emotional support. While addressing feelings of fear, anger and shame, these shared practices also help consolidate the newly acquired knowledge and the professional identity under attack. Finally, we offer recommendations for newsrooms and journalists on how to collectively counter harassment and develop policies to address it.

Heaven and Heavenly Piety in Colonial American Elegies

2009 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 258-267
Author(s):  
Adrian Chastain Weimer
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
The Other ◽  
First Person ◽  
Interesting Part ◽  
Opening Up

When the Massachusetts schoolteacher Benjamin Tompson pictured his unmarried sister Elizabeth in heaven, he saw her in a palace-like ‘nunnerye’ where ‘Chast virgins have faire entertainment free’. Elizabeth and the other virgins in heaven ‘Enjoy their purest love in sacred mirth’ as ‘Great Jesus daily steps of his bright throne/And gives them hart embraces every one.’ Colonial Puritan elegies such as this one challenge our inherited scholarly categories, which contrast a spiritualized Christian heaven with a corporeal Muslim one and set ‘a distant, majestic [Protestant] God’ in opposition to the intimate afterlife of medieval Catholic mystics. The most interesting part about Elizabeth Tompson’s elegy, however, is that she narrates it herself. Benjamin imagined her speaking to him from the bosom of Christ, saying ‘I Dare not tell what hear in heart i find’, and then going on to describe her experience of the afterlife in the first person. Christ leads her to the top of a ‘mount of pleasure’ where, she says, ‘i [have] all [the] flowers of paradice to Crop.’ A Protestant saint embracing a physical Jesus, picking flowers to her heart’s content, and telling her brother about it – these are all images which challenge our notions of early modern views of heaven and demonstrate the fruitfulness of elegies, or funeral poems, for opening up the imaginative worlds of early modern belief.

scholarly journals Valências na resposta emocional dos eleitores: design experimental com neurociência

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-500
Author(s):  
Carlos Magno Machado Dias ◽  
Carlos Alberto Gonçalves ◽  
Ângela Maria Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Response ◽  
White Background ◽  
Coding System ◽  
Facial Action Coding System ◽  
Facial Action ◽  
Political Propaganda ◽  
Emotional Effects ◽  
Facial Action Coding

This work aims to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate the valence of voters’ emotional response to changes in the scenarios in videos of political propaganda. The experiment was conducted in a laboratory with a fictitious candidate and content. We used four different scenarios: one with a completely white background, one simulating a library, one with a popular house, and one with luxury houses. We use the Facial Action Coding System (FACS) as an instrument to measure emotions. We found statistical differences between the intensity of the valences throughout the video (n=108). The work empirically demonstrated that the scenarios can enhance the emotional effects of this type of advertising.

Remembrance of the Nanjing Massacre in the Globalised Era: The Memory of Victimisation, Emotions and the Rise of China

China Report ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-101
Author(s):  
Fengqi Qian ◽  
Guo-Qiang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Emotional Memory ◽  
Self Presentation ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Nanjing Massacre ◽  
Rise Of China ◽  
War Of Resistance ◽  
The Rise Of China ◽  
Opening Up

Victimisation is a pivotal theme in China’s new remembering of its War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. While much of the world is talking about the rise of China, why are the Chinese still looking back to the nation’s sufferings in the past? This article investigates the development and dissemination of China’s collective memory of wartime victimisation, through a case study of the Nanjing Massacre Memorial. The article examines the ‘presentist’ use of the collective memory of victimisation in China’s era of opening up. It argues that the collective memory of victimisation is an emotional memory, evoked by new nationalism thinking, and is therefore a contextual dimension of China’s self-presentation today. The development as well as the dissemination of this memory parallels the path of China’s rise to become a world power. The Nanjing Massacre Memorial showcases the way in which the collective memory of victimisation is shaped and disseminated under the Communist Party to promote China’s national aspirations and legitimise China’s claims in the contemporary world.

Effect of Manipulated State Aggression on Pain Tolerance

2012 ◽  
Vol 111 (1) ◽  
pp. 311-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Stephens ◽  
Claire Allsop
Keyword(s):  
Video Game ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Pain Tolerance ◽  
First Person ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
First Person Shooter

Swearing produces a pain lessening (hypoalgesic) effect for many people; an emotional response may be the underlying mechanism. In this paper, the role of manipulated state aggression on pain tolerance and pain perception is assessed. In a repeated-measures design, pain outcomes were assessed in participants asked to play for 10 minutes a first-person shooter video game vs a golf video game. Sex differences were explored. After playing the first-person shooter video game, aggressive cognitions, aggressive affect, heart rate, and cold pressor latency were increased, and pain perception was decreased. These data indicate that people become more pain tolerant with raised state aggression and support our theory that raised pain tolerance from swearing occurs via an emotional response.

scholarly journals The Effects of Cinematic Virtual Reality on Viewing Experience and the Recollection of Narrative Elements

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-425
Author(s):  
Kata Szita ◽  
Pierre Gander ◽  
David Wallstén
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Emotional Engagement ◽  
First Person ◽  
Moving Image ◽  
Narrative Space ◽  
Person Perspective ◽  
Camera Perspective ◽  
First Person Perspective ◽  
Memory Characteristics

Abstract Cinematic virtual reality offers 360-degree moving image experiences that engage a viewer's body as its position defines the momentary perspective over the surrounding simulated space. While a 360-degree narrative space has been demonstrated to provide highly immersive experiences, it may also affect information intake and the recollection of narrative events. The present study hypothesizes that the immersive quality of cinematic VR induces a viewer's first-person perspective in observing a narrative in contrast to a camera perspective. A first-person perspective is associated with increase in emotional engagement, sensation of presence, and a more vivid and accurate recollection of information. To determine these effects, we measured viewing experiences, memory characteristics, and recollection accuracy of participants watching an animated movie either using a VR headset or a stationary screen. The comparison revealed that VR viewers experience a higher level of presence in the displayed environment than screen viewers and that their memories of the movie are more vivid, evoke stronger emotions, and are more likely to be recalled from a first-person perspective. Yet, VR participants can recall fewer details than screen viewers. Overall, these results show that while cinematic virtual reality viewing involves more immersive and intense experiences, the 360-degree composition can negatively impact comprehension and recollection.

Generalizing the Effect of Lyrics on Emotion Rating

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiqing Ma ◽  
David John Baker ◽  
Katherine Vukovics ◽  
Connor Davis ◽  
Emily M. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Response ◽  
Musical Training ◽  
Emotional Engagement ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Music Psychology ◽  
Emotional Perception ◽  
Several Variables ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Series Of Experiments ◽  
Psychology Literature

What factors affect listeners’ emotional perception of music? Ali and Peynircioğlu (2006) conducted a series of experiments on the listener's emotional response to melodies and lyrics in songs. Here we present a pre-registered replication and extension of this line of research with new adapted stimuli and several musical covariates using the Goldsmiths Musical Sophistication Index (Gold-MSI). Using a within-subjects design, participants (n = 104) were asked to rate the perceived emotions to unfamiliar happy, sad, calm, and angry songs with and without lyrics to model the extent to which each factor contributed to listener ratings. We failed to replicate the results of the original paper, but did find significant results in the opposite direction of several variables. Our extension of the analysis found evidence supporting the idea that emotional perception can and should be divorced from aspects associated with musical training. The mixed-effects model showed a significant effect of the emotional engagement subscale of the Gold-MSI above and beyond our replication analysis. While the results we detail in this research report conflict with the original findings, this conceptual replication and extension serve to highlight the importance of replicating findings reported within the music psychology literature.

Influence of Emotional Intensity and Frequency of Positive and Negative Events on Depression

1999 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Davis ◽  
G. Leonard Burns
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Emotional Response ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Pilot Studies ◽  
Environmental Process ◽  
Personality Process

This study replicates and extends aspects of psychological behaviorism's analysis of the role of positive and negative events in depression. As a first step, four pilot studies were conducted to develop a positive and negative events rating scale. This measure assesses the emotional intensity of positive and negative events (i. e., the strength of the positive or negative emotional response produced by the event) as well as the frequency of occurrence of the positive and negative events. A sample of 1089 college students then completed the Beck Depression Inventory and this new life events measure. Consistent with psychological behaviorism's analysis that emotional intensity involves a personality process and frequency an environmental process, the results showed that the emotional intensity of positive and negative events as well as the frequency of positive and negative events had independent roles in the prediction of depression (i. e., each of the four variables predicted depression after controlling for the other three). In addition, the results supported the personality and environmental subtypes of depression as specified by the theory. Suggestions are made for how subsequent research can test more explicitly this theory of depression.

The “sound of music” versus the “essence of music”: Dilemmas for music-emotion researchers (Commentary)

2001 ◽  
Vol 5 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 237-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
John A. Sloboda
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Response ◽  
Contemporary Music ◽  
Musical Experience ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Commercial Exploitation ◽  
Economic Trends ◽  
Emotional Effects ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes

Potential relationships are explored between contemporary music-emotion science and social and economic trends within dominant industrialised cultures. These trends are argued to have the effect of attempting to degrade those elements of the musical experience which are individual, personal, complex, subtle, unreplicable; whilst accentuating those elements which are communal, public, simple, plain, and replicable. A review of the findings reported in the papers in this special issue demonstrate that factors attributable to individual music events and individual listeners, along with the beliefs and attitudes which listeners bring to the experience, are crucially important in determining the nature and level of emotional response to the music. Any apparently firm statement regarding the emotional effects of music have to be hedged with so many caveats and qualifications as to significantly hinder the prospects for formulaic commercial exploitation of these findings.

scholarly journals Collective music listening: Movement energy is enhanced by groove and visual social cues

2021 ◽  
pp. 174702182199179
Author(s):  
Dobromir Dotov ◽  
Daniel Bosnyak ◽  
Laurel J Trainor
Keyword(s):  
Motion Tracking ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
Social Situation ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Emotional Engagement ◽  
Music Listening ◽  
Emotional Intensity ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Eyes Open

The regularity of musical beat makes it a powerful stimulus promoting movement synchrony among people. Synchrony can increase interpersonal trust, affiliation, and cooperation. Musical pieces can be classified according to the quality of groove; the higher the groove, the more it induces the desire to move. We investigated questions related to collective music-listening among 33 participants in an experiment conducted in a naturalistic yet acoustically controlled setting of a research concert hall with motion tracking. First, does higher groove music induce (1) movement with more energy and (2) higher interpersonal movement coordination? Second, does visual social information manipulated by having eyes open or eyes closed also affect energy and coordination? Participants listened to pieces from four categories formed by crossing groove (high, low) with tempo (higher, lower). Their upper body movement was recorded via head markers. Self-reported ratings of grooviness, emotional valence, emotional intensity, and familiarity were collected after each song. A biomechanically motivated measure of movement energy increased with high-groove songs and was positively correlated with grooviness ratings, confirming the theoretically implied but less tested motor response to groove. Participants’ ratings of emotional valence and emotional intensity correlated positively with movement energy, suggesting that movement energy relates to emotional engagement with music. Movement energy was higher in eyes-open trials, suggesting that seeing each other enhanced participants’ responses, consistent with social facilitation or contagion. Furthermore, interpersonal coordination was higher both for the high-groove and eyes-open conditions, indicating that the social situation of collective music listening affects how music is experienced.

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