Agents beyond the State

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Netzloff
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Professional Lives ◽  
Dutch Revolt ◽  
The Social

The early modern period is often seen as a pivotal stage in the emergence of a recognizably modern form of the state. In Agents Beyond the State, Mark Netzloff returns to this context in order to examine the literary and social practices through which the early modern state was constituted. The state was defined not through the elaboration of theoretical models of sovereignty but rather as an effect of the literary and professional lives of its extraterritorial representatives. Netzloff focuses on the textual networks and literary production of three groups of extraterritorial agents: travelers and intelligence agents, mercenaries, and diplomats. These figures reveal the extent to which the administration of the English state as well as definitions of national culture were shaped by England’s military, commercial, and diplomatic relations in Europe and other regions across the globe. Agents Beyond the State emphasizes these transnational contexts of early modern state formation, from the Dutch Revolt and relations with Venice to the role of Catholic exiles and nonstate agents in diplomacy and international law. These global histories of travel, service, and labor additionally transformed definitions of domestic culture, from the social relations of classes and regions to the private sphere of households and families. Literary writing and state service were interconnected in the careers of Fynes Moryson, George Gascoigne, and Sir Henry Wotton, among others. As they entered the realm of print and addressed a reading public, they introduced the practices of governance to an emerging public sphere.

Jüdisch-christliche Koexistenz in den Dörfern ausgewählter Grafschaften Frankens während des 16. und 17. Jahrhunderts

Aschkenas ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Torben Stretz
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Rural Economy ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Community Life ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Jewish Settlement ◽  
The Social ◽  
Typical Picture

Jewish-Christian relations in village or small-town societies during the early modern period were framed by coexistence and conflict on three major fields of encounter: the rural economy, the practice of religion, and the social relations within the local communities. This study provides case studies of these three aspects by drawing on evidence for the two counties of Castell and Wertheim in Franconia. Analysis of three expulsion proceedings and their different outcomes allows us to add a fourth perspective to this typical picture of integration and segregation, the question of how political rule was enacted and communicated. The conditions of Jewish settlement and community life were always precarious and had to be renegotiated on a regular basis. Negotiations were influenced by the diplomatic skills of individual Jews, by the interests of the community or its leading members, of the rulers and their local representatives.

Introduction

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Igor Fedyukin
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
The State ◽  
The Self ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Modes Of Operation ◽  
Modern Politics ◽  
Traditional Image

The Introduction defines the notion of “administrative entrepreneurship” and outlines the role the “administrative entrepreneurs” played in building the infrastructure of the early modern state, including schools. Recent historiography has tended to question the traditional image of the “absolutist” state as a powerful unified actor, stressing instead the limits of the rulers’ actual power, the role of social compromises, and the pervasiveness of unofficial clans and patronage networks that structured early modern politics in Europe and elsewhere. Scholars also emphasize the premodern, patrimonial character of bureaucracy in that era. Against this backdrop, the Introduction argues that it might have been the self-seeking projectors who drove the invention and expansion of the state as they strove to invent jobs for themselves and to promote their agendas. The chapter introduces three types of “administrative entrepreneurs”—the “experts,” the “ministers,” and the “functionaries”—and outlines their respective modes of operation.

Spectacle and martyrdom: bloody suffering, performed suffering and recited suffering in French tragedy (late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries)1

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Biet
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social Action ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Social Fabric ◽  
Virtual Scene ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Social

Biet’s chapter about French 17th- and 18th- century spectacle and text introduces the important theme of performance by reaffirming the key role of performing in terms of a public repetition of traumatic experiences already stirring the social fabric. At the start of the early modern period, when tragedy re-emerges in a sort of re-birth, tragic theatre becomes an alternative scenery for social action, a virtual scene for experimental lives, but also another scaffold and another judicial court for the audience, taking place inside theatres. Performing bodies, as Biet’s account reveals, are never at the start of a process of public spectacularization of violence. It thereby constitutes an essential meditation on where ‘art’ took up and discontinued the real to an early modern society that still knew spectacular punishment. Performers, as Biet sees them, engaged in anxieties opened by real trials and judiciary rulings, yet their repetitions permitted audiences to gain a more solid foothold in the ‘open wounds’ of an ongoing punitive judiciary.

scholarly journals Rational Managerial Decisions in Business Sector

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
Evgeny Shumkin
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Relations ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Managerial Decision ◽  
Managerial Decisions ◽  
The Social ◽  
Business Area

This article features managerial decisions in business area, where the state plays the role of an external regulator of public relations and the main influencer. The legal tools that affect decision-making in business depend on the social mechanisms of business regulations. The author describes the position of the rational regulator that evaluates the decisions made by a business entity. Positive law is an integral part of objective reality and is a set of codified principles of legally appropriate behavior. Imperative and dispositive regulations of public relations in business area imply that a business entity can choose a model of managerial and entrepreneurial behavior based on the rules provided by the legislator. The active role of the state as an external regulator of the social relations reflects the problem of dissonance between legal and social norms underlying managerial decision-making, which leads to additional economic and transaction costs. The paper also features the problem of frustration conflict between the regulator and the business environment in the context of applying the rationality proposed by the state in business activities and the problem of choosing the right managerial decision for its subjects. By refusing from a radical and negative assessment of the entrepreneur's management decisions, the state can solve this problem. The state needs to be more tolerant to business risks as an alternative rationality, without identifying them with deviant behavior. By preventing alienation of business from the state, one can eliminate the conflict between law and favorable climate in business area, i.e. maximal convergence of social and legal norms.

Nation Building

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-60
Author(s):  
Yael Tamir
Keyword(s):  
Nation Building ◽  
The State ◽  
The Other ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Administrative Service ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
The Way

This chapter investigates what makes nations so powerful and special. It presents two reasons that come to mind: one obvious the other unexpected. The obvious one is institutional and relates to the alliance between the nation and the state. The unexpected, more surprising, reason concerns the fact that the very same features that make nations attractive allies of the modern state — namely, being natural, historical, and continuous entities — are mostly fabricated. The chapter also explores the way nationalism shaped the modern state and provided it with tools necessary to turn from an administrative service into a caring entity that takes on itself not merely the role of a neutral coordinator but also that of a compassionate and attentive mother(land). Ultimately, the chapter examines the social and political outcomes of the lean state and ponders whether some of the advantages of the nation-state could be recovered.

scholarly journals Privacy and Social Spaces

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 5-16
Author(s):  
Natália Da Silva Perez
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Social History ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Legal Framework ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Examination

In this introductory text to the special issue Regulating Access: Privacy and the Private in Early Modern Dutch Contexts, Natália da Silva Perez argues that privacy can be a productive analytical lens to examine the social history of the Dutch Republic. She starts by providing an overview of theoretical definitions of privacy and of the ‘private versus public’ dichotomy, highlighting their implications for the study of society. Next, she discusses the modern view of privacy as a legally protected right, explaining that we must adjust expectations when applying the concept to historical examination: in the early modern period, privacy was not yet fully incorporated within a legal framework, and yet, it was a widespread need across different echelons of society. She provides a historical overview of this widespread need for privacy through instances where people attempted to regulate access to their material and immaterial resources. Finally, she describes how the four articles in this special issue contribute to our understanding of the role of privacy in early modern Dutch life.

EARLY MODERN STATE-BUILDING, THE SCANDINAVIAN MACHTSTAAT, AND THE SHORTCOMINGS OF ANGLO-SAXON SCHOLARSHIP

2003 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 164-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Frost
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
State Building ◽  
Review Article ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Critical Attitude ◽  
Modern Period

AbstractThis Review Article discusses recent work on the Scandinavian Machtstaat, taking a critical attitude towards recent Anglo-Saxon scholarship on the state and absolute monarchy in the early modern period.

scholarly journals THE STATE AND THE CHURCH IN RUSSIA IN THE EARLY NEW AGE: CUSTOM AND LAW

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 993-997
Author(s):  
Sergey N. Borisov ◽  
Tamara I. Lipich ◽  
Nataliy W. Loginova ◽  
Vitaly V. Penskoy ◽  
Vasiliy V. Lipich
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
New Age ◽  
The State ◽  
Orthodox Church ◽  
Political Role ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Teachers And Students ◽  
The Church

Purpose: The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of the system of relations that were formed between the Orthodox Church and the authority of the Russian state in the early modern period. Methodology: The authors, based on the most recent research approaches of the characteristics of early modern states, use a number of examples to show the significant role of the church and its hierarchy which had both an effect on the secular authority actions, limited its power and represented the political role of the Russian state and society. Result: The authors point out to the informality, unfounded in any formal legislative acts. This informality allowed the church to respond flexibly to the demands of the moment, but at the same time weakened its position. The authors also point out that that being the only independent Orthodox Church; the Russian church imposed certain limitations on its actions as an independent force of the supreme power, which later served as one of the factors that caused the subordination of the church to the state and its transformation into integral element of the machinery of government. Applications: This research can be used for universities, teachers, and students. Novelty/Originality: In this research, the model of the State and the Church in Russia in the Early New Age: Custom and Law is presented in a comprehensive and complete manner.

scholarly journals THE PROBLEM OF SOCIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE MODERN STATE: PHILOSOPHICAL ANALYSIS

2019 ◽  
pp. 44-54
Author(s):  
Anton V. Sharkov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Function ◽  
Modern Human ◽  
Public Affairs ◽  
The State ◽  
Modern State ◽  
Homo Economicus ◽  
Social Functions ◽  
Social Sphere ◽  
The Social

Russian and foreign scientists are increasingly turning to the concept of the social state, its problems and prospects of existence. There are grounds for believing that in addressing issues related to the future of the welfare state and problems of its development, philosophical thought should contribute among others. Scientists set the task of describing and explaining significant changes in the role of the modern state in the management of public affairs (especially in the social sphere). This problem is solved by researchers from different, sometimes opposite, theoretical and methodological positions. Based on the modern scientific theory of the historical process, the paper studies the problem of the implementation of social functions by modern states. It attempts to identify the anthropological foundations of the state and its social function in terms of the philosophical concept of human nature. The author gives his own definition of the social function of the state, which is presented in a wide and narrow sense. The paper proves the idea that the problem of social functions of modern states is a consequence of the crisis of the anthropological foundations of the modern human civilization. The crisis of the homo economicus determines the revision and subsequent optimization of the social obligations of the modern state, the reduction of its social functions. The poverty of the working population, its aging and debt load, job cuts due to the introduction of automated production, deep class differentiation, and other manifestations of this crisis require new approaches to managing the affairs of society. «Departure» of the state from the social sphere inevitably leads to the increased religiosity in society, enhanced role of major international corporations that have a significant potential for the replacement of the state’s social functions. The paper provides basic recommendations and suggests the main ways to overcome the anthropological crisis in modern Russia.

Veitstanz und Fortschritt

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 86-122
Author(s):  
Björn Moll
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Early Modern Period ◽  
Historical Study ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Modern Period ◽  
Late 18Th Century ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

Abstract This article focusses on the discourse surrounding ›projectors‹, autoentrepeneurs, who made plans for innovations of any kind and tried to have potential financiers promote them, from the Baroque to German Romanticism. While the role of projectors in the history of science has been the object of historical study, there is a lack of research regarding the concept’s trajectory and its semantic variation. In the early modern period, the necessity of innovation was emphasized, but also the contingency of project proposals. During the Enlightenment, the tradition of the approval of project-making continued, but projects became detached from projectors. In the late 18th century, the idea of speculation and the fantastic transformed within the area of creativity, due to the primacy of imagination and genius. What happened to the talk about projectors and their ways of self-fashioning after the disappearance of the social figure? What enabled authors to refer to projectors and how was their role historically discussed? Projectors served as a topos of insanity or deception or a sign of unprofessionalism (as shown in examples by Goethe and Schiller). Romanticism carried with it the positive connotations of the project, but also reinterpreted its negative aspects, such as the value of incompletion, insanity and alternative ways of work.

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