Consumer Cities, Scenes, and Ethnic Restaurants

2019 ◽  
pp. 519-539
Author(s):  
Daniel Silver ◽  
Terry Nichols Clark
Keyword(s):  
Past Work ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Us Cities ◽  
Ethnic Neighborhoods

This chapter builds on past work to examine the distinctive ways in which ethnic restaurants help to define the contemporary scenescape in US cities. It uses the example of restaurants to illustrate how to apply and extend a scenes approach. Restaurants in general and ethnically themed restaurants are crucial components of many cities and communities’ consumer offerings. They often make the scene. After briefly reviewing some general principles of the scenes perspective, the authors discuss ethnic neighborhoods and the role of consumption venues such as restaurants in defining their identity. The authors stress multiple ways that ethnically themed amenities and local populations may overlap in various contexts, as well as how they can join with other dimensions of local scenes. These ideas are illustrated by examining multiple types of ethnic restaurants across all US zip codes, paying particular attention to the degree to which they correspond with coethnic residential populations, and how this varies by group and city. The authors also investigate the types of scenes typical of cosmopolitan areas that offer diverse ethnic cuisines.

scholarly journals It Is Hard to Read Minds without Words: Cues to Use to Achieve Empathic Accuracy

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Sara D. Hodges ◽  
Murat Kezer
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Empathic Accuracy ◽  
Past Work ◽  
White American ◽  
Middle Easterners

When faced with the task of trying to “read” a stranger’s thoughts, what cues can perceivers use? We explore two predictors of empathic accuracy (the ability to accurately infer another person’s thoughts): use of stereotypes about the target’s group, and use of the target’s own words. A sample of 326 White American undergraduate students were asked to infer the dynamic thoughts of Middle Eastern male targets, using Ickes’ (Ickes et al. 1990) empathic accuracy paradigm. We predicted use of stereotypes would reduce empathic accuracy because the stereotypes would be negative and inaccurate. However, more stereotypical inferences about the target’s thoughts actually predicted greater empathic accuracy, a pattern in line with past work on the role of stereotypes in empathic accuracy (Lewis et al. 2012), perhaps because the stereotypes of Middle Easterners (collected from a sample of 60 participants drawn from the same population) were less negative than expected. In addition, perceivers who inferred that the targets were thinking thoughts that more closely matched what the target was saying out loud were more empathically accurate. Despite the fact that words can be used intentionally to obscure what a target is thinking, they appear to be a useful cue to empathic accuracy, even in tricky contexts that cross cultural lines.

The Role of Biography in Writing the History of Archaeology (1992)

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Douglas R. Givens
Keyword(s):  
No Value ◽  
History Of Archaeology ◽  
History Of Anthropology ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Past Work ◽  
The Past ◽  
Institutional Influences ◽  
History Of ◽  
Made In

The history of any discipline involves the explanation of its past and how the past has influenced its development through time. Its ‘objects are events which have finished happening, and conditions no longer in existence. Only when they are no longer perceptible do they become objects of historical thought’ (Collingwood 1946: 233). Writing the history of archaeology involves the analysis of past events and of the contributions that individual archaeologists have made to its development through time. The roles of individuals in archaeology are best seen in biographical accounts of their labours and in the contributions to the discipline that they have made. In general, historians of archaeological science, who are interested in explaining the roles of the individuals in its development, must focus their attention on three important items. First, the most important item is evidence that something has occurred. If individuals’ contributions have no basis in truth and cannot be justified, then they are of no value to the historian of archaeology. Second, the historical picture of individuals’ lives and work must have defined boundaries in space and time. These provide the area of focus for study and description of individuals’ activities. Third, the efforts of individual practitioners must be couched within the intellectual climate in which they are made. Individuals’ contributions are not made in an intellectual vacuum, apart from collegial or institutional influences. Biography, as a tool for writing the history of archaeology, must embrace all of these requisites. For those engaged in explaining archaeology’s past, historical evidence of event and period provide the foundation upon which we can trace our science’s development. Studying and evaluating past work can be helpful in separating useful and outdated methodologies of the field and laboratory. Moreover, the study of the history of anthropology may give the anthropologist needed ‘distance from their own theoretical and methodological preoccupations’ (Darnell 1974: 2). What we see anthropology today as being is certainly not what the ultimate science of humankind will be in the future.

scholarly journals Possible molecular genetic mechanisms of resistance in populations of the Colorado potato beetle

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 00004
Author(s):  
Galina Benkovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Insecticide Resistance ◽  
Colorado Potato Beetle ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Membrane Channels ◽  
Mechanisms Of Resistance ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Potato Beetle ◽  
Genetic Mechanisms

Expansion of the Colorado potato beetle (CPB) in the Eurasia is continuing. At the same time, there is an increase in the level of insecticide resistance in populations of CPB in Russia. Regular detection of individuals resistant to diagnostic doses of insecticides during the last 10 years shows an increase of their prevalence in local populations in Bashkortostan. Genetic base of insecticide resistance in the Colorado potato beetle populations contains both mutations in the genes of target receptors or membrane channels, as well as changes in expression of these and many other genes. Role of the diapause proteins capable to bind xenobiotics and withdraw them from metabolism is discussed.

scholarly journals Halogen bonding, chalcogen bonding, pnictogen bonding, tetrel bonding: origins, current status and discussion

2017 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 485-507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lee Brammer
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Halogen Bond ◽  
Halogen Bonding ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Solution Phase ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Solid State Chemistry ◽  
Main Group Elements ◽  
Past Work

The role of the closing lecture in a Faraday Discussion is to summarise the contributions made to the Discussion over the course of the meeting and in so doing capture the main themes that have arisen. This article is based upon my Closing Remarks Lecture at the 203rdFaraday Discussion meeting on Halogen Bonding in Supramolecular and Solid State Chemistry, held in Ottawa, Canada, on 10–12thJuly, 2017. The Discussion included papers on fundamentals and applications of halogen bonding in the solid state and solution phase. Analogous interactions involving main group elements outside group 17 were also examined. In the closing lecture and in this article these contributions have been grouped into the four themes: (a) fundamentals, (b) beyond the halogen bond, (c) characterisation, and (d) applications. The lecture and paper also include a short reflection on past work that has a bearing on the Discussion.

The Role of Local Populations within a Landscape Context: Defining and Classifying Sources and Sinks

2006 ◽  
Vol 167 (6) ◽  
pp. 925-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan P. Runge ◽  
Michael C. Runge ◽  
James D. Nichols
Keyword(s):  
Landscape Context ◽  
Sources And Sinks ◽  
Local Populations

A Qualitative Analysis of the WTO's Role on Trade and Environment Issues

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Grounded Theory ◽  
Qualitative Analysis ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Doha Round ◽  
Trade And Environment ◽  
Past Work ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Successes And Challenges ◽  
Insight Into

This article examines the role of the WTO in addressing trade and environment issues and considers how NGO and industry activities could complement this role. I interviewed over seventy experts and analyzed the responses using a grounded theory methodology, and present the findings within the context of existing literature on trade and environment issues. This approach allowed for an interdisciplinary and qualitative analysis of the underlying factors that have contributed to past successes and challenges in dealing with environmental issues within the WTO, as well as assessing current opportunities for progress and identifying misperceptions that could foster increased expectations of what the WTO is able to achieve. I conclude that the role the WTO plays in addressing trade and environment issues will be tested by the outcomes from the Doha round of negotiations, and by the willingness of WTO members to examine past work and identify a way forward. Survey results suggest that increased consideration of NGO perspectives and industry strategies would provide insight into ways of moving forward that are not hindered by political constraints.

scholarly journals The impact of the International Livestock Research Institute

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Half Century ◽  
Past Work ◽  
Agricultural Transformation ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Research Institute

Abstract This book contains 18 chapters that describes the evolving and multi-faceted roles of ILRI in addressing these and other global challenges in nearly a half century of research. ILRI researchers and partners took leading roles, for example, in the following. This volume can serve as a reference and resource for all interested in the role of livestock in agricultural transformation and sustainable development. It should be useful for distilling, learning from, and building on past work and lessons hopefully to inform and inspire students, researchers and research managers and their investors.

scholarly journals Have faith in your vocabulary. The role of the interpreter in the conquest of power, language and ideology in the New Spain

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Maria D'Amore ◽  
Verónica del Carmen Murillo Gallegos ◽  
Krisztina Zimányi
Keyword(s):  
New Spain ◽  
Indigenous Population ◽  
Cultural Practice ◽  
Initial Contact ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Language And Culture ◽  
Local Populations ◽  
First Contact ◽  
Language And Ideology

Crucial in the moments of initial contact and military conflict during the conquest, translation and interpreting continued to play a fundamental role throughout the 16th and 17th centuries in the New Spain. With evangelization both the means and end to control and conquest, the ideological conflict required the active participation of both translators and interpreters. Community interpreting in the context of conflict, colonization and evangelization in the region saw the collaboration of various actors/agents, and there is much speculation, if little reliable documentation, regarding their participation. This paper aims to analyse the role of interpreters and translators in the indoctrination of the local populations through a study of the document known as Los Coloquios de 1524, a text compiled fifty years after the actual conquest, that aspired to reconstruct the first contact with, and attempts at evangelization of, the indigenous population by Spanish Franciscan friars. Apparently under the supervision of the Franciscans, the role of indigenous Nahuatl speaking interpreters was paramount in the conceptualization -via Nahuatl- of Christianity in the New Spain, first interpreting indigenous religious and cultural practice and then adapting and reconstructing notions of Christianity for local consumption. Through the translation and interpretation of conflict between languages, religions and worldviews, changes in ideas, language and culture, and thus power, took place in the interstices and metaphorical spaces of negotiation. 

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