A qualified reading of the impact of tourism on island areas: the role of local populations in visits to tourist locations and perception of their environmental quality

Natural geological conditions together with the impact of human activities could produce environmental problems due to high As concentrations. The aim of this study was to assess the role of epipsammic biofilm-sediment systems onto As (V) sorption and to evaluate the effect of the presence of equimolar P concentrations on As retention. A natural biofilm was grown on sediment samples in the laboratory, using river water as nutrient supplier. Sorption experiments with initial As concentrations 0, 5, 25, 50, 100, 250, and 500 μg L−1were performed. The average percentage of As sorbed was78.9±3.5and96.9±6.6% for the sediment and biofilm-sediment systems, respectively. Phosphate decreased by 25% the As sorption capactity in the sediment devoid of biofilm, whereas no significant effect was observed in the systems with biofilm. Freundlich, Sips, and Toth models were the best to describe experimental data. The maximum As sorption capacity of the sediment and biofilm-sediment systems was, respectively, 6.6 and 6.8 μg g−1and 4.5 and 7.8 μg g−1in the presence of P. In conclusion, epipsammic biofilms play an important role in the environmental quality of river systems, increasing As retention by the system, especially in environments where both As and P occur simultaneously.

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Land investments in Tanzania: assessing the role of state brokers

The Journal of Modern African Studies ◽

10.1017/s0022278x18000289 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 56 (3) ◽

pp. 371-394 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Joanny Bélair

Keyword(s):

Vulnerable Populations ◽

Land Acquisition ◽

State Agencies ◽

Local Populations ◽

Monitoring Process ◽

New Strategy ◽

Negative Effect ◽

The Impact ◽

Infrastructural Power

AbstractFocusing on one of the most targeted areas for land investments in Tanzania (Rufiji district), this article compares the involvement of two Tanzanian state agencies in land acquisition, in the context of the central government's new strategy on productive investors. Given the fragmented and contentious authority of many African states, I investigate the impact of state intermediaries on the relationships between investors and local populations and consider bureaucrats as a group of actors to analyse flows of power within the state. I make two main points. First, the central state's weak infrastructural power and resulting lack of local knowledge, and, conversely, local bureaucrats’ possession of these valuable resources, reverses the flow of power from local to central. Second, a central monitoring process might have a negative effect. Instead of protecting vulnerable populations, it fosters institutional innovations that protect local bureaucrats’ opportunities for accumulation with investors, to the detriment of local populations.

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Leeches (Clitellata: Hirudinida) of an upland stream: taxonomic composition in relation to habitat conditions

Oceanological and Hydrobiological Studies ◽

10.1515/ohs-2015-0023 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 44 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Joanna Cichocka ◽

Izabela Jabłońska-Barna ◽

Aleksander Bielecki ◽

Edyta Buczyńska ◽

Paweł Buczyński ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Quality ◽

Environmental Parameters ◽

Taxonomic Composition ◽

Constant Component ◽

Species Structure ◽

Running Waters ◽

Habitat Conditions ◽

Main Factors ◽

The Impact

AbstractHirudinida comprise a constant component of benthofauna in running waters and their taxonomic composition is often analyzed to evaluate the environmental quality. However, the indicatory role of particular species is still arguable. Thus, it is very important to provide more detailed information on the impact of environmental parameters on the species structure within this group of invertebrates. Representatives of nine species were found in the investigated upland stream including mainly Erpobdella vilnensis and E. octoculata. The research has demonstrated that the hydromorphological conditions and feeding behavior are the main factors determining the taxonomic composition of leeches in particular sections of a watercourse.

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The Impact of Foreign Salafi -Jihadists on Islamic Developments in Chechnya and Dagestan

Journal of International Analytics ◽

10.46272/2587-8476-2021-12-4-28-49 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 28-49

Author(s):

D. Sagramoso ◽

A. Yarlykapov

Keyword(s):

Islamic State ◽

North Caucasus ◽

Local Populations ◽

The Past ◽

The North ◽

The Impact

This article intends to revisit the role of foreign fi ghters in the Chechen war and its aftermath, looking particularly at their impact on Islamic developments in Chechnya and Dagestan during the 1990s–2010s. The article challenges the argument, which is predominant in the literature, that foreign jihadists were primarily responsible for transforming the Chechen insurgency from a secular movement into a religious one. Instead, it argues that Islamist tendencies and Salafi circles were present in the North Caucasus before the outbreak of the First Chechen war. Secondly, this article contends that local Salafi jamaats, in conjunction with foreign jihadist fi ghters, provided the mobilization structures and the ideological framing for the radicalization of the Chechen/ North Caucasus rebel movement. By examining the Salafi -jihadist discourse of both foreign and local Salafi s operating in Chechnya and Dagestan in the 1990s and 2000s, the article shows how foreign Salafi s infl uenced and helped shape the ideological framing of local Salafi politicians and rebel jihadist groups. Yet, this article also shows that many of these Salafi -jihadist projects failed to gain broader societal support. They did not resonate with the local populations in Chechnya and Dagestan in the 1990s–2000s. A fi nal section of this article looks at events in the past decade, particularly at developments since the emergence of ISIS in Syria and Iraq. In this context, the article explains why many young Muslims in Dagestan became themselves foreign fi ghters and travelled to Syria/Iraq to fi ght for and live in the Islamic State. It concludes that Salafi projects, although not indigenous to the region, prospered as a result of the interaction between local Salafi s and foreign jihadist fi ghters and recruiters.

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The effects of COVID-19 on trade, production, environmental quality and its implications for green economy

Journal of Economic Studies ◽

10.1108/jes-06-2021-0307 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽

Author(s):

Dinkneh Gebre Borojo ◽

Jiang Yushi ◽

Miao Miao

Keyword(s):

Environmental Quality ◽

Descriptive Analysis ◽

Policy Implications ◽

Green Economy ◽

Content Type ◽

Export Sector ◽

Mediating Role ◽

The Impact ◽

The Relationship

PurposeThis study examines the effects of COVID-19 on trade, production and environmental quality and provides policy implications on green recovery.Design/methodology/approachThe two-step Heckman method is applied to estimate the structural gravity specification of trade. Besides, the two-step system GMM model is used to estimate the effects of COVID-19 on production and environmental quality. Additionally, descriptive analysis and literature review have been used.FindingsThe findings disclose that COVID-19 adversely affected the trade performance of the countries. The results further imply that the regional trade agreements (RTAs) can play a key mediating role in the post-COVID-19 trade recovery. Besides, the impact of COVID-19 on the output is substantially negative. However, the effect of COVID-19 on environmental quality is significantly positive.Originality/valueIt is the first study of its kind to examine the effects of COVID-19 on trade, production and CO2 emissions covering panel countries. Second, it provides a detailed analysis of firms planning to engage in the export sector. Moreover, it offers policy suggestions to consider environmental quality and green recovery. Besides, it examines the mediating role of RTAs in the relationship between trade and the pandemic.

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Man, Land and Sea: Local Populations in Territorial and Maritime Disputes before the International Court of Justice

The Law and Practice of International Courts and Tribunals ◽

10.1163/15718034-12341438 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 30-53

Author(s):

Yusra Suedi

Keyword(s):

Potential Role ◽

International Court Of Justice ◽

Local Populations ◽

Court Of Justice ◽

Boundary Disputes ◽

International Court ◽

Maritime Boundary ◽

Maritime Disputes ◽

The Impact

Abstract The International Court of Justice routinely resolves territorial and maritime boundary disputes between States. Such disputes often carry repercussions for the lives and livelihoods of local populations living on the territories of the State litigants. This analysis seeks to examine the extent to which State litigants’ concerns for the impact of maritime disputes or territorial disputes on their local populations are factored into the Court’s decision-making process. It also seeks to identify reasons for the Court’s approach in such disputes, and to explore the potential role of the principle of equity in such contexts.

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Intergroup Threat and Outgroup Attitudes

Social Psychology ◽

10.1027/1864-9335/a000127 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 44 (5) ◽

pp. 311-319 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Marco Brambilla ◽

David A. Butz

Keyword(s):

Gay Men ◽

Social Group ◽

Welfare Recipients ◽

Intergroup Attitudes ◽

Social Policies ◽

Intergroup Threat ◽

Economic Threat ◽

The Impact ◽

General Climate

Two studies examined the impact of macrolevel symbolic threat on intergroup attitudes. In Study 1 (N = 71), participants exposed to a macrosymbolic threat (vs. nonsymbolic threat and neutral topic) reported less support toward social policies concerning gay men, an outgroup whose stereotypes implies a threat to values, but not toward welfare recipients, a social group whose stereotypes do not imply a threat to values. Study 2 (N = 78) showed that, whereas macrolevel symbolic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward gay men, macroeconomic threat led to less favorable attitudes toward Asians, an outgroup whose stereotypes imply an economic threat. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding the role of a general climate of threat in shaping intergroup attitudes.

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