Biofuels

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Pimentel ◽  
Michael Burgess
Keyword(s):  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Director General ◽  
World Population ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Food Grain ◽  
Increasing Demand

A rapidly growing world population and an even more rapidly growing consumption of fossil fuels are increasing demand for both food and biofuels, which will exaggerate both the food and fuel shortages around the world. Producing biofuels requires huge amounts of both fossil energy and food resources, which will intensify conflicts over these resources. Using food crops to produce ethanol raises major nutritional and ethical concerns. More than 66% of the world human population is currently malnourished, so the need for grains and other basic foods is critical. Growing crops for fuel squanders land, water, and energy resources vital for the production of food for people. Using food and feed crops for ethanol production has brought increases in the prices of US beef, chicken, pork, eggs, breads, cereals, and milk of 10% to 20%. In addition, Jacques Diouf, Director General of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) reports that using food grains to produce biofuels is already causing food shortages for the poor of the world. Growing crops for biofuel ignores the need to reduce natural resource consumption and exacerbates the problem of malnourishment worldwide by turning food grain into biofuel.

Food and Agriculture Organization

1954 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-260
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Annual Production ◽  
Director General ◽  
Main Concern ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Sixth Session

From November 18 to 20, 1953, the eighteenth session of the Council of the Food and Agriculture Organization was held in Rome under the chairmanship of Josue de Castro. At this session a final survey was made of arrangements for the seventh session of the FAO Conference, which was scheduled to open in Rome on November 23. Having decided at its seventeenth session to report to the Conference on the most recent developments in the world agricultural situation and outlook highlighting issues for the special attention of the Conference, the Council drafted a statement which supplemented the report of the Director-General (Dodd) entitled The State of Food and Agriculture, 1953. The Council reported that since the sixth session of the Conference in 1951 when continuing food shortages were the main concern, the situation had changed considerably; supplies of many commodities were now pressing hard against effective demand. While stocks of some agricultural commodities had accumulated and nations were finding their disposal difficult, supplies were still insufficient to provide adequate standards of nutrition in large parts of the world. The improvement in supplies in the last few years had not been matched by an in-crease in consumption levels, and one or two bad harvests could wipe out much of the increase in annual production which had been achieved and reduce substantially present levels of stocks, the Council stated. The following points were commended to the attention of the Conference: 1) problems involved in the selective expansion of production, especially in the less developed regions, 2) methods of maintaining the level of farm incomes, especially by increased efficiency, and 3) methods of increasing per caput consumption levels.

Agrarian Reform and Rural Development

Worldview ◽  
1979 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Sudhir Sen
Keyword(s):  
Rural Development ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Agrarian Reform ◽  
World Population ◽  
World Conference ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
To Come

The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations is convening a World Conference on Agrarian Reform and Rural Development (WCARRD) at FAO headquarters in Rome from July 12 to 20, 1979. This will provide a unique opportunity— perhaps the last, best chance—to come to grips with a problem that has long been crying out for an aggressive, well-planned attack.The trends are disastrous. The hour is already late. With each passing day some 200,000 more people are added to the world population, mostly to the poor nations to swell the ranks of their destitute.

scholarly journals Smart and Safe packaging

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Hugo Spieser
Keyword(s):  
Food Waste ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Barrier Properties ◽  
World Population ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
Important Challenge ◽  
High Employment ◽  
Post War

In the second half of the 20th century, post-war Europe saw major economic growth due to national reconstructions associated with high employment, industrial mass production and demographic boom. As a consequence, generalised globalisation raised an intensified international flux of goods, services and information. Advancing technology and ever-increasing worldwide goods consumption has led to the age of plastics. Their relatively easy processability and strong physico-chemical properties such as optical, mechanical or barrier properties make them the perfect candidate for many applications in building and construction, automotive, agriculture, electronics, household leisure and sports, appliances, medical furniture and packaging. In 2018, the production of plastic in Europe reached 64.4 million tons and the packaging sector represents the largest sector demands1. The market value of the packaging sector was valued at high as 917 billion US dollar in 2019 and is still rising at an annual growth of 2.8%2.In the packaging industry, the largest part concerns food packaging3 and the overall increasing number and movement of food products however also causes an increasing amount of worldwide food waste. Around one third of the globally produced food is wasted according to the estimations of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations4. This represents 1.2 billion tons per year which seems outrageous as the FAO also estimated in 2018 that around 800 million people were chronically undernourished in the world. Food waste is a important challenge for mankind as the world population is expected to reach 10 billion people in 2050 and feeding all of them is a great challenge.

scholarly journals Aquaculture State, Challenges and Technologies in the Middle East

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 2365-2370
Author(s):  
Shaima Ibrahim Alameri ◽  
Maitha Ahmed Almakhmari ◽  
Sathiya Maran ◽  
Reem Yousef Almansoori ◽  
Sabra Ahmed AlQubaisi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Review Paper ◽  
Water Access ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
Aquaculture Industry ◽  
Food And Feed ◽  
Baseline Knowledge ◽  
United Nations Food

The aquaculture industry in the Middle East (ME) is still relatively new compared to other parts of the world, making this region highly dependent on other countries for the production of food and feed needs. Aquaculture activities in the world at current is mainly focused in China; this may be propelled by its own internal demand for seafood as determined by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). Challenges faced in the ME has not been elucidated so far and the issues arising might be unique only to this region due to aquaculture being in the initial stages coupled with water access and limitations, climate and geography, in addition to pollution. This review paper will present and discuss global needs for seafood focusing later on the needs in the ME, followed by a discourse into the importance, types and challenges of aquaculture in the ME. Baseline knowledge and infrastructure to enhance knowledge is a pressing need at this stage of infancy. It is hope this sector will continue to develop, and with the support of stakeholders, aquaculture in the ME will achieve a state of independence.

Food and Agriculture Organization

1949 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 704-706
Keyword(s):  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Far East ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Director General ◽  
World Food ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
The Far East ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
High Level

The sixth session of the Council met in Paris from June 13 to 24, 1949. The Council heard a report by the Director-General (Dodd) on his visits to Europe and the Far East, and examined the world food situation and the problems which appeared to lie ahead. Available information indicated that although more than two-thirds of the world's population was still chronically undernourished, there had been several important changes in the world food situation in the past few months, particularly the emergence of surpluses in certain countries. Food consumption in 1948–49 in western and central Europe was ten per cent higher than in 1947–48, in terms of calories; this was due to the excellent 1948 harvest and the continuation of imports at a high level. In the Far East and parts of Africa and Latin America output remained at a low level, apart from improvement in a few crops and areas — such as rice in Thailand and oilseeds in West Africa. In the underdeveloped regions lack of capital and equipment, inadequate technical assistance and continued internal disturbances constituted major obstacles to expansion of production. World grain exports in 1948 were the highest since 1930–31, although increased consumption in exporting countries kept world exports of fats and oils still 33 per cent below prewar levels. Less than ten per cent of the world's food production was exchanged between countries, representing only three-quarters of the volume exchanged before the war. Standards of nutrition in the ill-fed areas of the world could be raised only by increasing production in those areas or by transferring to them supplies from countries producing more than they themselves needed and which were capable of still further increased output.

Food and Agriculture Organization

1954 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 558-560
Keyword(s):  
World Trade ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Annual Report ◽  
Director General ◽  
Agricultural Expansion ◽  
World Production ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Essential Change ◽  
The World

In the foreword to the annual report on the state of food and agriculture, the Director-General of the Food and Agriculture Organization (Cardon) noted that 1953 had marked a turning point in the postwar food and agriculture situation. The growth of world production had caught up with the world growth of population, and during 1953/54 production had oontinued to expand. No essential change in this line of development was predicted for the crop year 1954/55. Two major problems, Dr. Cardon stated, confronted FAO: 1) how to reduce existing agricultural surpluses without imbalancing world trade in agricultural commodities, and 2) how to ensure continued agricultural expansion in selected products and countries so as to raise the level of world nutrition as a whole.

scholarly journals Coping with hunger? Visions of a global food system, 1930–1960

2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Jachertz ◽  
Alexander Nützenadel
Keyword(s):  
Food System ◽  
World Population ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Great Depression ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Global Food System ◽  
Food Shortages ◽  
Technical Aid ◽  
Global Food

AbstractThe 1930s and 1940s saw the rise of a new model of global food politics. This model was strongly moulded by the experiences of the Great Depression and the two world wars, all of which had brought hunger and malnutrition back to Europe. Whereas until the nineteenth century famines and food shortages had commonly been interpreted as regional Malthusian crises, they were now attributed to global economic disturbances and imbalances. This article explores how the far-reaching plans of a World Food Board, advocated by the UN Food and Agriculture Organization under John Boyd Orr, were abandoned and supplanted by a new approach that focused on technical aid and the distribution of surpluses. Moreover, the problems of hunger and malnutrition were embedded in a larger discourse on world population and economic development.

Food and Agriculture Organization

1966 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 646-649 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Director General ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Adequate Diet ◽  
The Third ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
Total Food ◽  
The World ◽  
Twentieth Anniversary ◽  
Postwar Decade

Marking the twentieth anniversary of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) the annual report on the state of food and agriculture reviewed the progress achieved during the second postwar decade, 1954/1955–1964/1965. In his foreword Director-General B. R. Sen noted three distinct phases of FAO's history. In the first, covering the postwar decade, FAO played a role in the task of reconstruction. The second phase, coinciding with the second postwar decade, had been marked by a number of significant developments in science and communications, in demography, and in national aspirations which influenced the outlook and work of FAO. Calling attention to the unprecedented rate of population growth and lagging food supply, FAO had warned that this trend implied a grave peril for the future peace and security of the world. The Freedom from Hunger Campaign launched by FAO in 1960 had represented a response to this new awareness of the dimensions of hunger and malnutrition in the world and of the responsibility of the world community to face the problem. The third phase of FAO's work, opening with the third postwar decade, would be a critical period. Mr. Sen referred to FAO studies, contained in the report, which indicated that the total food supplies of the developing countries would have to be increased fourfold in the next 35 years to give their rapidly expanding populations an adequate diet. The task of FAO, which would depend on the willingness of the leaders of the nations to devote a large share of the world's resources to meet the crisis, would be to assist in laying the foundation for this increase.

Food and Agriculture Organization

1954 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-385
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Director General ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World

The seventh session of the Conference of the Food and Agriculture Organization was held in Rome from November 23 to December 11, 1253. The membership of FAO was increased to 71 at the seventh session by the admission of Libya, Iran, and Yemen. Dr. Philip V. Cardon (United States) was appointed Director-General of FAO for the following four years, to succeed Mr. Norris E. Dodd. The Conference appointed three commisions to deal, respectively, with agenda items pertaining to 1) the world situation and outlook in food and agriculture; 2) activites of the orgainzations; and 3) constitutional, legal, administrative, and financial questions.

Food and Agriculture Organization

1957 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 385-387
Keyword(s):  
Director General ◽  
World Food ◽  
Special Session ◽  
Food And Agriculture ◽  
Food And Agriculture Organization ◽  
The World ◽  
To Receive

The 24th session of the Council of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) was held in Rome, June 18–19, 1956 under the chairmanship of S. A. Hasnie. The Council expressed its sorrow at the death of Professor André Mayer, one of the founders of FAO and the head of the French delegation until his death. The Council also accepted the resignation of the Director-General, Dr. P. V. Cardon, and decided to hold a special session of the Conference on September 10, 1956 to appoint a new Director-General as well as to receive a report by the Council concerning the world food and agriculture situation and matters relating to the organization.

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