Investigation of the disperse composition and strength of granules of instant drinks

В условиях высокой занятости населения возникает необходимость развития более сбалансированного питания. Одним из таких продуктов могут выступать инстантированные напитки на основе плодово-ягодного сырья. Подавляющее большинство таких продуктов на рынке представлено в виде многокомпонентного гранулятора с заданными показателями качества. При производстве таких продуктов используются грануляторы различного типа, однако для малых производств, которые могут быстро переориентироваться на выпуск новой продукции, более перспективными являются грануляторы периодического действия, например, роторные смесители-грануляторы. Однако при анализе получаемого дисперсного состава было выявлено, что продукт имеет нестабильный гранулометрический состав. В работе исследовались дисперсный состав и прочность гранулированного продукта, полученного в роторном смесителе-грануляторе. В результате литературно-патентного обзора была предложена модернизация известного гранулятора и определен дисперсный состав получаемых гранул. В результате проведенных исследований было выявлено, что гранулометрический состав готовой продукции стал более стабилен по сравнению с прототипом оборудования. При анализе прочности получаемых гранул не было выявлено существенного изменения, однако была выявлена зависимость прочности на раздавливание от частоты вращения рабочих органов, так при увеличении частоты вращения лопасти выше 2000 мин-1 наблюдался рост прочности гранул. Также при увеличении частоты вращения происходит рост мелкодисперсной фракции в готовой продукции. Обработка полученных результатов исследований позволила получить экспериментально статистическую модель зависимости среднемедианного размера получаемых гранул от режимных параметров и свойств связующего раствора. In conditions of high employment of the population, it becomes necessary to develop more balanced nutrition. One of the types of such foods can be instantized drinks based on fruit and berry raw materials. An overwhelming majority of these foods on the market are presented in the form of a multicomponent granules with specified quality indicators. When manufacturing such foods granulators of different types are used, however, for minor productions that can be quickly reorientated to the release of new foodstuffs, periodical activity granulators are more promising, for example, rotary mixers-granulators. However, when analyzing the resulting dispersed composition, it was revealed that the foodstuff has an unstable particle size distribution. The work investigated the dispersed composition and strength of the granular staff obtained in a rotary mixer-granulator. As a result of the literature and patent review, the modernization of the well-known granulator was proposed and the dispersed composition of the resulting granules was determined. As a result of the research carried out, it was revealed that the granulometric composition of the finished staff became stabler in comparison with the prototype of the equipment. When analyzing the strength of the granules obtained, no significant change was revealed, however, the dependence of the crushing strength of the working bodies’ rotational speed was revealed, so, with an increase in the blade’s rotational speed over 2000 RPM, an increase in the strength of the granules was observed. Also, with an increase in the rotational speed, an increase in the fine fraction in the product finished occurs. The processing of the research results obtained made it possible to obtain an experimental statistical model of the dependence of the average median size of the granules obtained on the operating parameters and the properties of the binder solution.

The Impact of Education Economy on Uzbekistan Based on Public Management

In today's economic globalization, education plays an important role in public management. It can not only improve the overall quality of human society, but also a way of cultural communication. This paper mainly introduces the concept of public management and the characteristics of educational economy, and expounds the calculation method of educational economic contribution rate. Then, through investigation and research, this paper finds that there are many factors affecting educational equity. The most direct reason is that the government and schools lack reasonable planning for private schools, resulting in imperfect school facilities and high employment pressure on students; on the other hand, the rapid economic development leads to the shortage of talent supply, which leads to the decline of education quality. At the same time, based on the survey results, this paper finds that the penetration rate of primary and secondary education in Uzbekistan has increased significantly, the cultural level of adults and youth has improved, and gender equality in primary and secondary education opportunities.

FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL ORIENTATION OF THE CADET'S PERSONALITY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ACTIVITY APPROACH AND VALUES OF MARTIAL ARTS

В настоящей статье рассматриваются некоторые аспекты формирования направленности личности курсантов посредством системы ценностей, культивируемых в боевых искусствах. Грамотное формирование направленности личности курсантов правоохранительных органов в рамках вузовской подготовки - основа гармоничности и профессиональной компетентности будущих сотрудников правоохранительных органов. Молодые специалисты больше всего подвержены профессиональной деформации, влиянию негативных воздействий (как внешних, так и связанных с внутренними психологическими процессами), утрате базовых ценностей, которые так важны для выполнения ими профессиональных задач. Именно поэтому формирование направленности личности должно стать важной составляющей в ходе подготовки курсантов. В современном мире, в сложной экономической и политической обстановке, при высоких темпах жизни и занятости в профессии необходимо сохранять и поддерживать гармонию между физическим, психическим и духовным в личности. Данная проблема, несмотря на широкое освещение в науке, остается актуальной, особенно в связи с новой реальностью и ее последствиями (COVID-19). Более того, в последние годы все больше исследователей изучают влияние физической активности на психологическое состояние индивидов. Авторами настоящей статьи исследуется влияние занятий боевыми искусствами на формирование направленности личности молодых сотрудников правоохранительных органов. Боевые искусства, оказывая существенное влияние не только на физическое развитие, но и на духовную составляющую, на взгляд авторов, являются одним из альтернативных направлений, кроме физического развития, способствующих и нравственному развитию, духовному пробуждению, поддержанию и достижению гармонии. В статье поднимается вопрос о формировании личностных качеств человека в процессе занятий айкидо. Айкидо, являясь составной частью восточных единоборств, способствует нравственному самосовершенствованию личности. Мы считаем, что боевые искусства - это не просто средство для достижения победы, увлекательный вид спорта, метод физического воспитания, это целостная система формирования и самосовершенствования личности. Авторы подчеркивают, что боевые искусства кроме способов физического воспитания, принципов ведения поединка содержат в себе и способы психологической тренировки, а также особого отношения к себе, к окружающим, к старшим, к товарищам. Это достигается различными путями: соблюдением этикета, формированием ответственного поведения, самой атмосферой на занятиях. Предлагается внедрение в педагогический процесс занятий по айкидо для формирования важнейших компонентов направленности личности курсантов: интересов, идеалов, ценностей, мировоззрения, склонностей и т. д. This article discusses some aspects of developing the personality of cadets through a system of values cultivated in martial arts. The competent formation of the orientation of the personality of law enforcement cadets in the framework of university training, in the light of events taking place in the country and in the world, is the basis of the harmony and professional competence of future specialists. Young law enforcement professionals are most susceptible to professional deformation, the influence of negative influences (both external and related to internal psychological processes), the loss of basic values that are so important for their professional tasks. That is why the formation of a personality orientation should become an important component in the training of cadets. In the modern world, in a difficult economic and political environment, with high rates of life, high employment in the profession, it is necessary to maintain and maintain harmony between the physical, mental and spiritual in the person. This problem, despite the wide coverage in science, remains relevant, focused on the new reality and its consequences (COVID-19). Moreover, in recent years, more researchers have been studying the effect of physical activity on the psychological state of individuals. The authors of this article investigate the influence of martial arts on the formation of the personality orientation of young law enforcement officers. Martial arts, having a significant impact not only on physical development, but also on the spiritual component, in the opinion of the authors, are one of the alternative areas other than physical development, contributing to moral development, spiritual awakening, maintenance and achievement of harmony. The article raises the question of the formation of personal qualities of a person in the process of aikido classes. Aikido, being an integral part of oriental martial arts contributes to the moral self-improvement of personality. We believe that martial arts, this is not just a means to achieve victory, not just an exciting sport, it is not just a method of physical education - it is a holistic system of formation and self-improvement of personality. The authors emphasize that martial arts contain not only methods of physical education, the principles of conducting a duel, but also methods of psychological training, as well as a special attitude to themselves, to others, to the elders, to comrades. This is achieved in various ways: observance of etiquette, formation of responsible behavior, the very atmosphere in classes. The work focuses on the basic principles of martial arts, their positive impact on the formation of a harmoniously developed personality (using the example of aikido).

Oman will struggle to balance social and fiscal needs

Significance The additional income is being partly used to direct support to poorer segments of society. However, this has not ended the mounting popular pressure for accelerated change. The main demands, expressed on social media platforms, include expedited employment and fiscal relief programmes, curbs on government bureaucracy and limits to the number of state-owned enterprises competing with the private sector. Impacts The high-employment tourism and construction sectors could be slow to recover post-pandemic and manufacturing may take a hit. Saudi and Emirati investment offers benefits but conditions could strain Oman’s policy of regional neutrality. Difficulties in accessing credit for non-state employees will keep people focused on seeking government jobs.

Employment Profile and Program Relevance: Bases for Quality Measures Towards Language Curriculum

This research involved a comprehensive review of a graduate program’s competence for enhancements responsive and relevant to the standards of the new educational landscape and of the employment agencies’ growing needs and demands. Descriptive survey method embedding interview was used to address the objectives. Employing total enumeration, 70% retrieval rate of the instrument administered was recorded. Statistical and thematic analyses revealed that the MA- ESL degree, as similarly concluded, is contributory to the professional advancement of the graduates as supported by the high employment rating obtained consistent with the graduates’ regular status in professional occupational classifications and business lines. Significantly, the school- related factors were generally found very relevant- giving premium to curriculum, goals and objectives, and faculty and instruction. The work- related values on the other hand were rated highly useful- assessing perseverance and hard work of utmost importance. Of the general competencies, communication, knowledge and technical, and research were primarily found useful. Meanwhile, the feedback derived from the graduates, crosschecked with the above results, provided quality and timely enhancement measures. It is then forwarded that the proposed plan highlighting specific measures in the areas of curriculum and faculty and instruction may be adopted and accorded periodic evaluation.

Covid-19 and the issue of gender equality

It is now clear that the COVID-19 pandemic is not only a global health emergency, but is also leading to a severe downturn in the global economy. In this study, we analyze how this economic downturn will affect women and men differently, and what the main long-term consequences for gender equality may be. This study begins by providing evidence that the effects of the current crisis on women and men are likely to be very different from those of other economic downturns. In recent recessions, such as the economic crisis of 2008, job losses for men have been much higher than for women. One reason was that relatively more men work in industries that are strongly affected by the “standard” downturn (such as manufacturing and construction), while women's employment is concentrated in less cyclical sectors such as health and education. In contrast, the current crisis is having a major impact on high-employment services, such as restaurants and hospitality. During the pandemic, most countries around the world decided to close schools and kindergartens. This has dramatically increased the need for child care. In addition, childcare provided by grandparents is currently not recommended due to higher mortality rates among the elderly, and due to social distancing measures, sharing childcare with neighbors and friends is also very limited. Thus, most families have no choice but to take care of their children on their own. Due to the existing division of responsibilities for child care in most families, mothers suffer more than parents. Single mothers, many of whom are both in Ukraine and abroad, and who often find themselves in a difficult economic situation, are hit hardest.

LEADER-MEMBER EXCHANGE FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES

People with disabilities (PWD) view the issue of employment as one of endless concern as they are continuously evaluated based on their disability per se. It is reported that that PWDs have to face challenges in finding jobs that suit their capability but they usually eventually quit from their job after struggling with the challenges that come with it. The increasing trend of a high employment turnover among disabled employees in Malaysia has spurred the direction in this study toward examining the concept of leader-member exchange (LMX) which examines the quality of supervisor-subordinate relationships. This study is important because it will bring new insights on how managers can integrate PWDs at the workplace by enhancing their social exchange relationship (dyadic), especially their leadership skills. It was discovered that all components of LMX namely affect, professional respect, contribution and loyalty are all important factors that ensure a good relationship between supervisors and PWDs. In addition, it was found that types of disabilities and PWD working sectors has no mean difference toward the LMX components that influence this dyadic relationship.

The Effectiveness of Interaction between Scientific Supervisors and Graduate Students at the University and at the Academy of Sciences

The effectiveness of work and relationship of postgraduate students with their supervisors seem to be an urgent issue in the context of contemporary transformations of the Russian system of training highly qualified personnel. The article assesses the understanding of the purposes of graduate school by both “sides”, the specifics of the interaction between mentors and their mentees, the leading difficulties and ways to overcome them. Since in our country postgraduate programs are implemented not only at universities, we also compared situations at a university and in an academic community considering the case of the Ural Federal University (UrFU) and scientific institutes of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (UB RAS). Empirical methods for collecting initial data were applied both at UrFU and at UB RAS and included interviewing scientific leaders and questioning graduate students. A series of in-depth interviews with mentors led to the formulation of research hypotheses and allowed the elaboration of an online questionnaire for graduate students. As a result, we may state the prevalence of the “external” obstacles that reduce the effectiveness of the interaction of young scientists with their scientific leaders; in general, the relationship between them looks quite harmoniously. Among the most pressing problems we have identified (1) disorientation about the concept of postgraduate studies without obligatory defense of the thesis (especially at university); (2) low productivity of the “educational” postgraduate studies; (3) lack of advanced training for supervisors in the field of management in science; (4) high employment of professors; (5) side mentoring and (6) the lack of plans for writing a dissertation. The solution of this set of problems seems to be based, first of all, on a new regulatory framework at the federal level, revising the types and volumes of workload of graduate students and their supervisors, fixing the need to write a dissertation during the course of study, regulating the requirements for scientific supervisors and guaranteeing them advanced training in the field managerial competencies. The positive practice of employing all graduate students at academic institutions, at least for a fraction of the rate, may also help universities in increasing the motivation of graduate students to defend their PhD thesis and build their future career at the university.

Smart and Safe packaging

In the second half of the 20th century, post-war Europe saw major economic growth due to national reconstructions associated with high employment, industrial mass production and demographic boom. As a consequence, generalised globalisation raised an intensified international flux of goods, services and information. Advancing technology and ever-increasing worldwide goods consumption has led to the age of plastics. Their relatively easy processability and strong physico-chemical properties such as optical, mechanical or barrier properties make them the perfect candidate for many applications in building and construction, automotive, agriculture, electronics, household leisure and sports, appliances, medical furniture and packaging. In 2018, the production of plastic in Europe reached 64.4 million tons and the packaging sector represents the largest sector demands1. The market value of the packaging sector was valued at high as 917 billion US dollar in 2019 and is still rising at an annual growth of 2.8%2.In the packaging industry, the largest part concerns food packaging3 and the overall increasing number and movement of food products however also causes an increasing amount of worldwide food waste. Around one third of the globally produced food is wasted according to the estimations of the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) of the United Nations4. This represents 1.2 billion tons per year which seems outrageous as the FAO also estimated in 2018 that around 800 million people were chronically undernourished in the world. Food waste is a important challenge for mankind as the world population is expected to reach 10 billion people in 2050 and feeding all of them is a great challenge.

Monetary Stability and the Stability of the Open Society

Historical experience shows that the welfare state is what holds democracy and the market economy together. Neither a welfare state that is too small nor one that is too large can fulfill this connective function. A “stability pact” between citizens and the state is needed: 1. A welfare state to provide citizens security even in their old age. 2. In order to preserve appropriate incentives, the retirement system has to be a form of “saving” (forced saving) for old age. 3. In addition, most citizens also undertake voluntary saving. 4. The state provides for monetary stability. 5. The state uses itsfiscal policy to promote high employment. A modern understanding of personal freedom includes the security provided by a welfare state of appropriate dimensions. It follows that in the twenty-first century, a large part of the wealth of citizens consists of net claims on the state.