The Pacific Borderlands of the Spanish Empire

2019 ◽  
pp. 764-788
Author(s):  
Catherine Tracy Goode
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Cultural Exchange ◽  
Spanish Empire ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Family Networks ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Spanish Colonies ◽  
Asian Economy

This chapter explores the economic relationship between the Spanish colonies in the Americas and the Asian markets at the center of the early modern world economy. Pointing to the importance of political and family networks that existed within the Pacific borderlands, it investigates how Spanish merchants and bureaucrats supplied the sought-after silver to Asian markets in exchange for varied luxury goods like textiles, spices, porcelains, and furniture. The Manila Galleon functioned as the conduit, moving goods, people, and knowledge through the Pacific borderlands. These relationships across the Pacific, which were built on commerce but extended to political and cultural exchange, demonstrate that Spanish colonies that were far beyond the control of a European power benefitted from their direct access to the Asian economy across the Pacific.

Disentangling commodity histories: pauame and sassafras in the early modern global world

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clare Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Native Americans ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Spanish Empire ◽  
Modern World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Global World

AbstractThis article takes a close look at the history of an American tree now known as sassafras but known to the Timucua of early modern Florida as pauame. Sassafras root was a major anti-febrile medicament in the early modern world. The history of that medicament has thus far primarily been written in terms of the Spanish empire, which commodified it in post-contact Eurasia. Yet Native Americans, in particular the Timucua, as well as the French, the British, and the Russians, all played major roles in the history of sassafras. That history involves several objects derived from the tree sometimes called sassafras, knowledge about those objects, and Eurasian ideas about the Americas. This article focuses on the issues of entangled empires, and commodity and knowledge exchanges, to show that early modern commodities were not unitary objects, but rather shifting entanglements of objects, words, and ideas.

India in the early modern world economy: modes of production, reproduction and exchange

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Washbrook
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Commercial Development ◽  
Indian Economy ◽  
Leading Role

India played a leading role in the growth of the early modern world economy. Yet its historiography has been dominated by forebodings of the colonial conquest and decline, which were to overtake it at the end of the eighteenth century. This essay seeks to explore the strengths rather than weaknesses of the Indian economy between the sixteenth and eighteenth centuries when the goods which it produced were in heavy demand in Asia, Africa, Europe and the Americas. However, it also points to ways in which specific features of India’s commercial development created vulnerabilities to conquest from overseas, which would be exploited later on.

Imperial Crisis and Muslim-Christian Relations in Ottoman Syria and Palestine, c. 1770-1830

2015 ◽  
Vol 58 (4) ◽  
pp. 490-531
Author(s):  
James Grehan
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
Ottoman Empire ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Political Order ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Political Crisis ◽  
Late Eighteenth ◽  
Social Turmoil

In the middle of the nineteenth century, a wave of anti-Christian violence broke out in Ottoman Syria. Prevailing interpretations tie this social turmoil to the region’s sudden integration into the modern world economy, further aggravated by state reforms that upset long-standing political hierarchies. This paper argues that the origins of these disturbances lay not in the penetration of the modern world economy but in the extended political crisis that shook the Ottoman Empire during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. Sectarian tensions therefore need to be seen, at their root, as political reactions to the slow disintegration of the early-modern political order. In its timing and causes, this Ottoman experience helps to highlight a broader “sectarian turn” that overtook many other parts of Eurasia in the same period.

Kazakhstan’s Economic Growth in the Context of the World Economy

2006 ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Arystanbekov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Policy ◽  
World Economy ◽  
World Ocean ◽  
Direct Access ◽  
Crude Petroleum ◽  
Nation States ◽  
The World ◽  
The Relationship

Kazakhstan’s economic policy results in 1995-2005 are considered in the article. In particular, the analysis of the relationship between economic growth and some indicators of nation states - population, territory, direct access to the World Ocean, and extraction of crude petroleum - is presented. Basic problems in the sphere of economic policy in Kazakhstan are formulated.

Global recession risks and challenges to economic regulation

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
E. Smirnov
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Economic Regulation ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Global Inequality ◽  
Global Recession ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Economic Balance ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Transformation Processes

At the present stage, the world economy is experiencing a difficult stage of development, which is determined by many factors, in particular, the dynamics of economic growth, the increase in global inequality, and the mixed influence of digital transformation processes. The article analyzed the main trends and risks of modern world economy development, as well as identified key aspects of multilateral regulation and restoration of economic balance on the international scale.

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