Mancur Olson,

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Lowery
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Organized Interests ◽  
Classic Work ◽  
Interest Representation ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Many

This chapter focuses on Mancur Olson’s 1965 bookThe Logic ofCollective Action, which offers an in-depth analysis of the role of organized interests and is considered a classic work in the field of public policy. It explains how policy scholars should understand Olson’s contributions in light of work on the politics of interest representation, first by reviewing his central thesis, especially his claims about individual and institutional mobilization in relation to the collective action hypothesis. In particular, it examines the many ways his claims about individual and institutional mobilization have been modified, hedged, and sometimes contradicted by research on interest representation. The chapter then assesses the implications of Olson’s analysis for public policy in terms of how the diversity of interest communities should bias public policy outcomes and influence economic growth. Finally, it emphasizes how Olson’s work tends to be over- and underappreciated by students of both organized interests and public policy.

What’s Next for a National Infrastructure Policy: An Encore or a Requiem?

2021 ◽  
pp. 1087724X2110146
Author(s):  
Richard G. Little
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Infrastructure Systems ◽  
Infrastructure Policy ◽  
Policy Objectives ◽  
The Many ◽  
National Infrastructure ◽  
Roll Out

In an essay almost 30 years ago, Professor Dick Netzer of NYU asked the question “Do We Really Need a National Infrastructure Policy?” and came to the conclusion that we did not. As the Biden Administration prepares to roll out a multi-trillion dollar infrastructure package, the nation is faced with numerous questions regarding the infrastructure systems necessary to support continued economic growth and environmental sustainability. The purpose of this essay is to look to recent history for guidance for how to proceed by revisiting the underlying premises of the Netzer essay and reconsider whether a National Infrastructure Policy is needed. Because linking infrastructure to broader public policy objectives could both unite the nation and position it to address the many challenges that the 21st century will present, I believe the idea of a National Infrastructure Policy definitely deserves a second look.

Research & Economic Growth—The Role of Public Policy

1962 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
Benton F. Massell ◽  
Richard R. Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Policy

scholarly journals Management of the Influence of Organized Interests on Public Policy

2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-88
Author(s):  
Anželika Gumuliauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Public Policy Making ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Organized Interests ◽  
Methods Of Analysis

The article analyzes the management of the influence of organized interests on public policy. The article reveals the concept of organized interests, the essential differences in comparing the concepts of organized interests and interest groups. The article takes the view that organized interests are a more neutral concept that better explains the nature of all actors seeking to influence public policy-making. The author of the article is of the opinion that the concept of interest groups – due to the disagreement of scientists in defining it – causes a lot of confusion when comparing the results of different researches and using the theoretical insights of other scientists. Organized interests interact with other public policy makers to influence policy outcomes. This article analyzes the ways in which organized interests can influence public policy. According to the author of the article, by identifying the ways of influencing public policy, it is possible to envisage ways to manage that influence. The article applies methods of analysis, synthesis, generalization and comparative analysis of scientific literature.

scholarly journals Foreign Aid and Economic Growth: A Panel Cointegration for Selected Turkic Republics

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hasret Balcioglu
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Driving Force ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
Main Role ◽  
Stake Holder ◽  
The Many

<p>The paper highlights the many needs/goals of stake holders in the organisation and closely examines the well-worn believe that the main role of managers is to motivate their subordinates. Argument was proposed as to why this view is not appropriate in today’s organisations. The driving force for most employees, whose mobility and employability has been enhanced by ICT and globalization, is the extent to which the employing organisations is able to articulate their needs and meet them. To motivate and retain the modern day workers with portable skills, and to whom career is more a lattice than a ladder, is to be able to factor their needs into the goals of the organisation. More so, organisation is not about management and employees alone. There are many other stake holders; less visible though, but very important in the need-goal constellations of the organisation. It is posited that all stake holders in the organisation need to be motivated (by identifying and meeting their needs) though in diverse ways, and that the action and inaction of one stake holder provides impetus for adequacy or shortfall in the motivation equation.</p>

Income and Wealth Inequality

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-60
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Saez
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Wealth Inequality ◽  
Income Groups ◽  
First Job

According to the author of this chapter, the first job of economists is to enlighten the debate on income and wealth inequality by providing transparent measures that the broad public can understand. Once inequality is appropriately measured, we can then understand the drivers of inequality trends and the effects of public policy on inequality. Drawing on the author’s previously published works, this chapter presents evidence on US income and wealth inequality. It presents series for top income and wealth shares and for the distribution of economic growth by income groups. The author discusses the mechanisms behind the evolution of US income and wealth inequality from historical and comparative perspectives and analyzes the role of public policy and, in particular, taxation in the evolution of inequality.

scholarly journals Types and Functions of Taxes in a Market Economy

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 579
Author(s):  
Isabella Rustambekovna Yuldasheva ◽  
Nematulla Abdusalamovich Artikov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Tax Policy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Economic Considerations

The purpose of this article is to explain the role and importance of taxes in a market economy based on economic analysis. There are also economic considerations about the types of taxes, and the importance of the functions of taxes in today’s market economy has been scientifically demonstrated. The role of taxes and types of taxes in the regulation of the economy, the results of economic measures taken to introduce taxes in the economic growth of the country are presented in statistics. Through an in-depth analysis of the role of tax functions in the economy, we can identify them as a key factor in ensuring the country's budget. The large-scale work carried out in our country to ensure greater transparency of tax policy determines the relevance of this sector for today's market economy.

Interest Group Politics

2020 ◽  
pp. 383-399
Author(s):  
Stella Zambarloukou
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Interest Groups ◽  
Transition To Democracy ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Organized Interests ◽  
Interest Representation ◽  
Interest Group Politics ◽  
Group Politics ◽  
Path Dependent

This chapter examines the unfolding of interest representation and intermediation, from 1974 to 2018 by focusing mostly on the organization of wage labour, farmers, and the liberal professions and their respective ties to the political system. State–society relations in Greece have undergone a number of transformations since the transition to democracy in 1974, but until 2010 these were mostly of a path-dependent nature. Legacies of authoritarianism and clientelism contributed to the formation of close ties between organized interests and political actors, and the model of interest representation and intermediation that emerged after 1974 did not fit with either the pluralist nor the neo-corporatist models that prevailed in other Western European states in the 1970s and 1980s. The particularistic ties formed between interest groups and political parties was seen as part of the problem that led Greece to the verge of default in 2010, which in turn contributed to a dismantling of the existing model. Given that policies during the 2010–18 period were for the most part dictated by the bailout agreements, the role of interest groups inevitably subsided, but a clear alternative to the previous model has not yet emerged.

Do Term Limits “Limit” the Speaker? Examining the Effects of Legislative Term Limits on State Speaker Power

2020 ◽  
pp. 153244002094764
Author(s):  
Laine P. Shay
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Term Limits ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Collective Action Problem ◽  
Lower Chamber ◽  
Legislative Institutions

What is the role of legislative term limits in the structure of legislative institutions? Using Mooney’s collective action problem theoretical framework on legislative leadership power, I claim that legislative term limits should be a key determinant in a state Speaker’s power via the delegation of institutional tools that control the lawmaking process. Speakers can use these tools to influence policy outcomes and their colleagues. I test this expectation in an analysis of lower chamber rules in nearly all states between 1981 and 2015. The results indicate that states with implemented term limits are associated with a more powerful Speaker. These findings suggest that a more nuanced relationship between legislative term limits and leadership power exist than previously thought.

scholarly journals Public Policy, Innovation and Economic Growth: An Economic and Technological Perspective on Pakistan’s Telecom Industry

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (Special Edition) ◽  
pp. 369-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musleh Ud Din ◽  
Inayat Ullah Mangla ◽  
Muhammad Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Policy Innovation ◽  
Growth Theory ◽  
Comprehensive Strategy ◽  
Technology And Innovation ◽  
Endogenous Growth Theory ◽  
Technological Modernization ◽  
Sustainable Economic Growth

At a time of rapid technological advancements in every field, Pakistan must develop a comprehensive strategy for harnessing science and technology to promote economic growth on a sustained basis. In recent decades, successful economies have moved away from factor accumulation models of economic growth to productivity led growth that is underpinned by technological advancements and innovations. Using the endogenous growth theory as a framework of analysis, the paper will provide a macroeconomic perspective on the importance of technology and innovation for sustainable economic growth. We argue that public policy must be geared to generate robust growth by encouraging investment in research and development (R&D) and human capital. The paper will conceptualize the role of technology in the process of economic growth and identify policy areas that can be instrumental in promoting technological modernization and innovations.

Economic Futures

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Gamble
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Policy ◽  
Political Economy ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Financial Model ◽  
British Economy ◽  
International Environment ◽  
Alternative Approaches

This chapter analyses the future of the British economy. It argues that a political economy perspective is necessary to understand the debates surrounding economic growth, and reviews the way in which commentators have analysed the challenges facing public policy. The chapter then examines debates about the financial crash and the deficit, the role and size of the state, and the appropriate growth model. The major alternative approaches to growth currently under discussion lie between a return to the liberal financial model – dominant since the 1980s and sometimes termed ‘privatised Keynesianism’ – and greater government intervention to restore the role of the manufacturing sector, possibly involving a shift to a more European-style corporatism. The chapter concludes by considering three scenarios: a return to growth; a shift in the international environment that renders austerity permanent; and the imposition of radical changes to curb expansion and cut back carbon emissions to sustainable levels.

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