Laranja—an additional eye color gene in the snow series of Apis mellifera L.

1982 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademilson Espencer Egea Soares ◽  
José Chaud Netto
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Color Gene

scholarly journals Interactions Among Dosage-Dependent Trans-Acting Modifiers of Gene Expression and Position-Effect Variegation in Drosophila

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 150 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Utpal Bhadra ◽  
Manika Pal Bhadra ◽  
James A Birchler
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Quantitative Traits ◽  
Position Effect ◽  
Position Effect Variegation ◽  
Developmental Transitions ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Dosage Effects ◽  
Effect Variegation ◽  
Hierarchical Manner ◽  
Color Gene

Abstract We have investigated the effect of dosage-dependent trans-acting regulators of the white eye color gene in combinations to understand their interaction properties. The consequences of the interactions will aid in an understanding of aneuploid syndromes, position-effect variegation (PEV), quantitative traits, and dosage compensation, all of which are affected by dosage-dependent modifiers. Various combinations modulate two functionally related transcripts, white and scarlet, differently. The overall trend is that multiple modifiers are noncumulative or epistatic to each other. In some combinations, developmental transitions from larvae to pupae to adults act as a switch for whether the effect is positive or negative. With position-effect variegation, similar responses were found as with gene expression. The highly multigenic nature of dosage-sensitive modulation of both gene expression and PEV suggests that dosage effects can be progressively transduced through a series of steps in a hierarchical manner.

scholarly journals Longevity of africanized worker honey bees (Apis mellifera) carrying eye color mutant alleles

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosana de Almeida ◽  
Ademilson Espencer Egea Soares
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Honey Bees ◽  
Statistical Difference ◽  
Close Association ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Brown Pigment ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Color Mutant ◽  
Extended Lifespan ◽  
Eye Pigmentation

The dark coloration of insects eyes is attributed to the accumulation of the brown pigment insectorubin, a mixture of ommochromes, xanthommatin and several ommins, biosynthesized from tryptophan. When any of the events in the synthesis chain is interrupted, formation and accumulation of pigments other than insectorubin occurs, and a new eye color will appear. The aim of the present work is to evaluate the longevity of worker honey bees Apis mellifera, homozygous and heterozygous for the mutant alleles cream (cr), snow-laranja (s la) and brick (bk). Eye pigmentation and average longetivity of bees are very closely related. Mutant bees carrying lighter eye pigmentation are unable to return to the hive; there is, therefore, a close association between the eye pigmentation and honey bees lifespan. Experiments ran in confinement cages confirm the orientation problems of mutant honey bees, which kept in a limited space, were able to return to the hive and had an extended lifespan in comparison to that observed in the nature, and did not present statistical difference (P>0.05) relative to the control group. Confinement to restricted areas improves honey bees orientation abilities and facilitates return to the hive.

scholarly journals CRISPR/Cas9 mediated high efficiency knockout of the eye color gene Vermillion in Helicoverpa zea (Boddie)

PLoS ONE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. e0197567 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omaththage P. Perera ◽  
Nathan S. Little ◽  
Calvin A. Pierce
Keyword(s):  
Helicoverpa Zea ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Color Gene

The sugarless mutation affects the expression of the white eye color gene in Drosophila melanogaster

1998 ◽  
Vol 260 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 131-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. Benevolenskaya ◽  
M. V. Frolov ◽  
J. A. Birchler
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Color Gene

scholarly journals Weakener of white (Wow), a gene that modifies the expression of the white eye color locus and that suppresses position effect variegation in Drosophila melanogaster.

Genetics ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 137 (4) ◽  
pp. 1057-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
J A Birchler ◽  
U Bhadra ◽  
L Rabinow ◽  
R Linsk ◽  
A T Nguyen-Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Position Effect ◽  
Northern Analysis ◽  
Regulatory Sequences ◽  
Position Effect Variegation ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Effect Variegation ◽  
Modifying Effect ◽  
Color Gene

Abstract A locus is described in Drosophila melanogaster that modifies the expression of the white eye color gene. This trans-acting modifier reduces the expression of the white gene in the eye, but elevates the expression in other adult tissues. Because of the eye phenotype in which the expression of white is lessened but not eliminated, the newly described locus is called the Weakener of white (Wow). Northern analysis reveals that Wow can exert an inverse or direct modifying effect depending upon the developmental stage. Two related genes, brown and scarlet, that are coordinately expressed with white, are also affected by Wow. In addition, Wow modulates the steady state RNA level of the retrotransposon, copia. When tested with a white promoter-Alcohol dehydrogenase reporter. Wow confers the modifying effect to the reporter, suggesting a requirement of the white regulatory sequences for mediating the response. In addition to being a dosage sensitive regulator of white, brown, scarlet and copia, Wow acts as a suppressor of position effect variegation. There are many dosage sensitive suppressors of position effect variegation and many dosage-sensitive modifiers of gene expression. The Wow mutations provide evidence for an overlap between the two types of modifiers.

scholarly journals Changes in the structure and pigmentation of the eyes of honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) queens with the "limão" mutation

2000 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Chaud-Netto ◽  
Carminda da Cruz-Landim
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Compound Eyes ◽  
Ultrastructural Organization ◽  
Multivesicular Bodies ◽  
Electron Dense Material ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Receptor Cells ◽  
Pigment Granules ◽  
Retinular Cells

This study describes the ultrastructural differences between the compound eyes of ch li/ch li and Ch/ch li honeybee queens. Heterozygous "limão" bees had an almost normal ultrastructural organization of the ommatidia, but there were some alterations, including small vacuoles in the crystalline cones and a loss of pigment by primary pigmentary cells. In homozygous bees many ommatidia had very deformed crystalline cones and there were some bipartite rhabdoma. There was a reduction in the amount of pigment in the primary and secondary pigmentary cells and receptor cells (retinulae) of mutant eyes. However, the eyes of both heterozygous and homozygous queens had the same type of pigment granules. Certain membrane-limited structures containing pigment granules and electron-dense material appeared to be of lysosomal nature. Since these structures occurred in the retinular cells of mutant eyes, they were considered to be multivesicular bodies responsible for the reduction in rhabdom volume in the presence of light, as a type of adaptation to brightness. The reduction of pigment in the pigmentary and retinular cells and the morphological changes seen in the rhabdom of the ommatidia may originate visual deficiencies, which could explain the behavioral modifications reported for Apis mellifera queens with mutant eye color.

An eye color gene for the detection of transgenic non-drosophilid insects

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 641-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisa D. White ◽  
Craig J. Coates ◽  
Peter W. Atkinson ◽  
David A. O'Brochta
Keyword(s):  
Eye Color ◽  
Color Gene

scholarly journals Frequency-specific suppression of locomotor components by the white+ gene in Drosophila melanogaster adult flies

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chengfeng Xiao ◽  
Shuang Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
Copy Number ◽  
Path Length ◽  
High Frequencies ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Specific Suppression ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Color Gene

AbstractThe classic eye-color gene white+ (w+) in Drosophila melanogaster (fruitfly) has unexpected behavioral consequences. How w+ affect locomotion of adult flies is largely unknown. Here, we show that w+ selectively suppresses locomotor components at relatively high frequencies (> 0.1 Hz). The wildtype Canton-S male flies walked intermittently in circular arenas while the white-eyed w1118 flies walked continuously. Through careful control of genetic and cytoplasmic backgrounds, we found that w+ was associated with intermittent walking. w+-carrying male flies had smaller median values of path length per second (PPS) and reduced 5-min path length compared with w1118-carrying males. Additionally, flies carrying 2-4 genomic copies of mini-white+ (mw+) showed reduced median PPSs and decreased 5-min path length compared with w1118 flies, and the suppression was dependent on the copy number of mw+. Fourier transform of the time series (i.e. PPSs over time) indicated that w+/mw+ specifically suppressed the locomotor components at relatively high frequencies (> 0.1 Hz). Lastly, the downregulation of w+ in neurons but not glial cells resulted in an increased percentage of high-frequency locomotor components. We concluded that w+ suppressed the locomotion of adult flies by selectively reducing the high-frequency locomotor components.

Bombyx ortholog of the Drosophila eye color gene brown controls riboflavin transport in Malpighian tubules

2018 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haokun Zhang ◽  
Takashi Kiuchi ◽  
Chikara Hirayama ◽  
Susumu Katsuma ◽  
Toru Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Malpighian Tubules ◽  
Eye Color ◽  
Drosophila Eye ◽  
Riboflavin Transport ◽  
Color Gene

Differentiation Processes of the Ocellar Retina of the Honeybee (Apis Mellifera L.)

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-431
Author(s):  
Maria Anna Pabst
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Distal Part ◽  
Cell Layer ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Photoreceptor Cells ◽  
Distal Segment ◽  
Compound Eyes ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Ultrastructural Studies ◽  
Adult Worker

In addition to the compound eyes, honeybees have three dorsal ocelli on the vertex of the head. Each ocellus has about 800 elongated photoreceptor cells. They are paired and the distal segment of each pair bears densely packed microvilli forming together a platelike fused rhabdom. Beneath a common cuticular lens a single layer of corneagenous cells is present.Ultrastructural studies were made of the retina of praepupae, different pupal stages and adult worker bees by thin sections and freeze-etch preparations. In praepupae the ocellar anlage consists of a conical group of epidermal cells that differentiate to photoreceptor cells, glial cells and corneagenous cells. Some photoreceptor cells are already paired and show disarrayed microvilli with circularly ordered filaments inside. In ocelli of 2-day-old pupae, when a retinogenous and a lentinogenous cell layer can be clearly distinguished, cell membranes of the distal part of two photoreceptor cells begin to interdigitate with each other and so start to form the definitive microvilli. At the beginning the microvilli often occupy the whole width of the developing rhabdom (Fig. 1).

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