scholarly journals What has happened and what has not happened due to the coronavirus disease pandemic: a systemic perspective on policy change

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Knill ◽  
Yves Steinebach
Keyword(s):  
Policy Change ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Policy Agenda ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
Policy Area ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Policy Transformations ◽  
Gains And Losses ◽  
Academic Debate

Abstract The societal and policy transformations associated with the coronavirus disease pandemic are currently subject of intense academic debate. In this paper, we contribute to this debate by adopting a systemic perspective on policy change, shedding light on the hidden and indirect crisis effects. Based on a comprehensive analysis of policy agenda developments in Germany, we find that the pandemic led to profound shifts in political attention across policy areas. We demonstrate that these agenda gains and losses per policy area vary by the extent to which the respective areas can be presented as relevant in managing the coronavirus disease crisis and its repercussions. Moreover, relying on the analysis of past four economic crises, we also find that there is limited potential for catching up dynamics after the crisis is over. Policy areas that lost agenda share during crisis are unlikely to make up for these losses by strong attention gains once the crisis is over. Crises have hence substantial, long-term and so far, neglected effects on policymaking in modern democracies.

scholarly journals Comprehensive analysis and insights gained from long-term experience of the Spanish DILI registry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilla Stephens ◽  
Mercedes Robles-Diaz ◽  
Inmaculada Medina-Caliz ◽  
Miren Garcia-Cortes ◽  
Aida Ortega-Alonso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Long Term Experience

scholarly journals Transformed Canine and Murine Mesenchymal Stem Cells as a Model for Sarcoma with Complex Genomics

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1126
Author(s):  
Natasja Franceschini ◽  
Bas Verbruggen ◽  
Marianna A. Tryfonidou ◽  
Alwine B. Kruisselbrink ◽  
Hans Baelde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Point Mutations ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Cell Of Origin ◽  
Mesenchymal Tumors ◽  
Spontaneous Transformation ◽  
Exon 2 ◽  
Species Analysis ◽  
Gains And Losses

Sarcomas are rare mesenchymal tumors with a broad histological spectrum, but they can be divided into two groups based on molecular pathology: sarcomas with simple or complex genomics. Tumors with complex genomics can have aneuploidy and copy number gains and losses, which hampers the detection of early, initiating events in tumorigenesis. Often, no benign precursors are known, which is why good models are essential. The mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) is the presumed cell of origin of sarcoma. In this study, MSCs of murine and canine origin are used as a model to identify driver events for sarcomas with complex genomic alterations as they transform spontaneously after long-term culture. All transformed murine but not canine MSCs formed sarcomas after subcutaneous injection in mice. Using whole genome sequencing, spontaneously transformed murine and canine MSCs displayed a complex karyotype with aneuploidy, point mutations, structural variants, inter-chromosomal translocations, and copy number gains and losses. Cross-species analysis revealed that point mutations in Tp53/Trp53 are common in transformed murine and canine MSCs. Murine MSCs with a cre-recombinase induced deletion of exon 2-10 of Trp53 transformed earlier compared to wild-type murine MSCs, confirming the contribution of loss of p53 to spontaneous transformation. Our comparative approach using transformed murine and canine MSCs points to a crucial role for p53 loss in the formation of sarcomas with complex genomics.

Comprehensive Analysis of Long-Term Outcomes after HeartMate 3 LVAD Implantation Depending on Surgical Access

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. S180-S181
Author(s):  
R. Antończyk ◽  
A. Biełka ◽  
M. Kalinowski ◽  
J. Waszak ◽  
J. Małyszek-Tumidajewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Surgical Access

scholarly journals The resurgence risk of COVID-19 in the presence of immunity waning and ADE effect: a mathematical modelling study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weike Zhou ◽  
Biao Tang ◽  
Yao Bai ◽  
Yiming Shao ◽  
Yanni Xiao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mainland China ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Mass Vaccination ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Vaccination Program ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Catching Up ◽  
Vaccination Period ◽  
Transmission Ability

Since the end of 2020, the mass vaccination has been actively promoted and seemed to be effective to bring the COVID-19 pandemic under control. However, the fact of immunity waning and the possible existence of antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) make the situation uncertain. We developed a dynamic model of COVID-19 incorporating vaccination and immunity waning, which was calibrated by using the data of accumulative vaccine doses administered and the COVID-19 epidemic in 2020 in mainland China. We explored how long the current vaccination program can prevent China in a low risk of resurgence, and how ADE affects the long-term trajectory of COVID-19 epidemics. The prediction suggests that the vaccination coverage with at least one dose reach 95.87%, and with two-doses reach 77.92% on August 31, 2021. However, even with the mass vaccination, randomly introducing infected cases in the post-vaccination period can result in large outbreaks quickly in the presence of immunity waning, particularly for SARS-CoV-2 variants with higher transmission ability. The results showed that with the current vaccination program and a proportion of 50% population wearing masks, mainland China can be protected in a low risk of resurgence till 2023/01/18. However, ADE effect and higher transmission ability for variants would significantly shorten the protective period for more than 1 year. Furthermore, intermittent outbreaks can occur while the peak values of the subsequential outbreaks are decreasing, meaning that subsequential outbreaks boosted the immunity in the population level, which further indicating that catching-up vaccination program can help to mitigate the possible outbreaks, even avoid the outbreaks. The findings reveal that integrated effects of multiple factors, including immunity waning, ADE, relaxed interventions, and higher transmission ability of variants, make the control of COVID-19 much more difficult. We should get ready for a long struggle with COVID-19, and should not totally rely on COVID-19 vaccine.

Numerical Simulation on Deformation Features and Filling Efficiency of Channel Goaf Foundation

2013 ◽  
Vol 353-356 ◽  
pp. 3707-3712
Author(s):  
Zhi Dong Zhou ◽  
Hong Bo Zhang ◽  
Xiu Guang Song ◽  
Hong Ya Yue
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Check Gate ◽  
Deformation Features ◽  
Natural Foundation ◽  
The Stability

For analyzing and evaluating the deformation features of channel goaf foundation and its effect on superstructure, according to the foundation reinforcement engineering of Ji-Liang Channel Check Gate, the comparative analysis on the differential settlement between the unfavorable foundation and natural foundation was performed by numerical simulation with FLAC3D. The computer results showed that the present foundation had obvious effect on the stability and security of the superstructure, so the engineering treatment are needed. Based on technical-economic comprehensive analysis among three treatment methods for strengthening the channel golf foundation with different kinds of filling, the reasonable method is put forward in this paper. By comparing mechanical characteristic of flashboard in channel goaf before and after strengthening, we confirmed the foundation stability of channel goaf and the security of the ground building which can satisfy the long term usage requirements.

Brand Equity of Store Brands and Its Effect on Customer Value

2016 ◽  
pp. 154-181
Author(s):  
Natalia Rubio ◽  
Nieves Villaseñor ◽  
Maria Jesús Yague
Keyword(s):  
Brand Equity ◽  
Customer Value ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Private Label ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Store Brands ◽  
Potential Value ◽  
Private Label Brands ◽  
Retail Chains

This chapter develops a comprehensive analysis of the self-perception of value that the customer brings to the different retail chains present in the Spanish consumer goods retail sector. The authors incorporate a metric to determine the value that costumers have for the retail chains included in the study, and the brand equity of their store brands. The value supplied by their customers is defined as the perception of their loyal behavior and profitability on a long-term context. The measurement of this concept is based on personal judgments on repurchase intention and recommendation at present (named actual value), as well as their intention to acquire different products and brands sold by the company in the future (named potential value). Also, the chapter develops an analysis of the components that generate the brand equity of private label brands and their contribution to building customer value for the chains.

scholarly journals Structural Foundations of Social Resilience

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 539-552
Author(s):  
Hulya Dagdeviren ◽  
Luis Capucha ◽  
Alexandre Calado ◽  
Matthew Donoghue ◽  
Pedro Estêvão
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Theoretical Development ◽  
Social Resilience ◽  
Economic Crises ◽  
Critical Perspective ◽  
The Social ◽  
Contemporary Context ◽  
Distinct Role

This article aims to contribute to the theoretical development of the social resilience approach. Recognising the interface between resilience and poverty studies, it proposes a distinct role for resilience research from a critical perspective to understand the dynamics of hardship in exceptional times, such as times of socio-economic crises, rather than explaining the long-term trajectories of poverty. It then provides a conceptual framework on the structural foundations of social resilience, highlighting three components: rules, resources and power relations. The article uses the 2008 crisis and the ensuing period of austerity as a microcosm to place the discussion within a contemporary context.

Precaution, Prediction, Proof, and Policy Assessment

2002 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen Dovers
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Policy Change ◽  
Policy Goals ◽  
The Status ◽  
National Competition ◽  
Policy Systems ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable ◽  
Near Future

The challenge of sustainable development—the ultimate goal of precaution—demands that we shift our focus away from individual environmental problems and toward long-term integration of environmental, social, and economic policy. It also elevates protection of ecosystem processes and biodiversity to the status of significant policy goals. In this article, the author argues for a new use of the precautionary principle, as a means to assess broad policy decisions to target indirect or systemic rather than direct threats to sustainability. He draws on a case study of two Australian policies: the National Strategy for Ecologically Sustainable Development (ESD), and the National Competition Policy (NCP). While the proposals are ambitious and may not be achievable in the near future, nonetheless, it is in the nature of institutional and policy systems that it is difficult to predict when opportunities for policy change will arise. It is crucial to develop and articulate strategies now, to be promoted during brief windows of opportunity for policy change.

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