T175. A 10-YEAR LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF GREY MATTER VOLUME IN FIRST EPISODE OF NON-AFFECTIVE PSYCHOSIS

BackgroundNeuroanatomical abnormalities are a well-established feature of schizophrenia. However, the timing of their emergence and the extent to which they are related to vulnerability to the disorder as opposed to psychotic illness itself is unclearAimsTo assess regional grey matter volume in the at-risk individuals who subsequently developed psychosisMethodMagnetic resonance imaging data from at-risk individuals who developed psychosis (n = 12) within the following 25 months were compared with data from healthy volunteers (n=22) and people with first-episode psychosis (n=25)ResultsCompared with healthy volunteers, individuals who subsequently developed psychosis had smaller grey matter volume in the posterior cingulate gyrus, precuneus, and paracentral lobule bilaterally and in the left superior parietal lobule, and greater grey matter volume in a left parietal/posterior temporal region. Compared with first-episode patients, they had relatively greater grey matter volume in the temporal gyrus bilaterally and smaller grey matter volume in the right lentiform nucleusConclusionsSome of the structural brain abnormalities in individuals with an at-risk mental state may be related to an increased vulnerability to psychosis, while others are associated with the development of a psychotic illness

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Changes of grey matter volume in first-episode drug-naive adult major depressive disorder patients with different age-onset

NeuroImage Clinical ◽

10.1016/j.nicl.2016.08.016 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

pp. 492-498 ◽

Cited By ~ 24

Author(s):

Zonglin Shen ◽

Yuqi Cheng ◽

Shuran Yang ◽

Nan Dai ◽

Jing Ye ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Major Depressive Disorder ◽

Depressive Disorder ◽

Grey Matter ◽

First Episode ◽

Grey Matter Volume ◽

Major Depressive ◽

Matter Volume ◽

Drug Naïve

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Duration of untreated psychosis is associated with orbital–frontal grey matter volume reductions in first episode psychosis

Schizophrenia Research ◽

10.1016/j.schres.2010.09.021 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 125 (1) ◽

pp. 13-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 68

Author(s):

Ashok K. Malla ◽

Michael Bodnar ◽

Ridha Joober ◽

Martin Lepage

Keyword(s):

Grey Matter ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

First Episode ◽

Grey Matter Volume ◽

Duration Of Untreated Psychosis ◽

Matter Volume ◽

Episode Psychosis

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Structural magnetic resonance imaging in patients with first-episode schizophrenia, psychotic and severe non-psychotic depression and healthy controls

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.181.43.s58 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 181 (S43) ◽

pp. s58-s65 ◽

Cited By ~ 41

Author(s):

R. K. R. Salokangas ◽

T. Cannon ◽

T. Van Erp ◽

T. Ilonen ◽

T. Taiminen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Grey Matter ◽

The Other ◽

First Episode ◽

Grey Matter Volume ◽

Healthy Controls ◽

Psychotic Depression ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

Matter Volume ◽

First Episode Schizophrenia

BackgroundStructural brain abnormalities are prevalent in patients with schizophrenia and affective disorders.AimsTo study how regional brain volumes and their ratios differ between patients with schizophrenia, psychotic depression, severe non-psychotic depression and healthy controls.MethodMagnetic resonance imaging scans of the brain on first-episode patients and on healthy controls.ResultsPatients with schizophrenia had a smaller left frontal grey matter volume than the other three groups. Patients with psychotic depression had larger ventricular and posterior sulcal cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volumes than controls. Patients with depression had larger white matter volumes than the other patients.ConclusionsLeft frontal lobe, especially its grey matter volume, seems to be specifically reduced in first-episode schizophrenia. Enlarged cerebral ventricles and sulcal CSF volumes are prevalent in psychotic depression. Preserved or expanded white matter is typical of non-psychotic depression.

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Anterior cingulate cortex abnormalities associated with a first psychotic episode in bipolar disorder

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.bp.107.049205 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 194 (5) ◽

pp. 426-433 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Alex Fornito ◽

Murat Yücel ◽

Stephen J. Wood ◽

Andreas Bechdolf ◽

Simon Carter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bipolar Disorder ◽

Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽

Grey Matter ◽

Cingulate Cortex ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

Anterior Cingulate ◽

First Episode ◽

Grey Matter Volume ◽

Matter Volume ◽

Episode Psychosis

BackgroundThe anterior cingulate cortex is frequently implicated in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder, but magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have reported variable findings owing to a reliance on patient samples with chronic illness and to limited appreciation of the region's heterogeneity.AimsTo characterise anterior cingulate cortex abnormalities in patients with bipolar disorder experiencing their first episode of psychosis while accounting for regional anatomical variability.MethodGrey matter volume, surface area and cortical thickness were measured in six anterior cingulate cortex subregions per hemisphere using MRI scans acquired from 26 patients with bipolar I disorder experiencing first-episode psychosis and 26 healthy controls matched for age, gender and regional morphological variability.ResultsRelative to controls, male patients displayed increased thickness in the right subcallosal limbic anterior cingulate cortex. No significant differences were identified in females for grey matter volume or surface area measures. The findings were not attributable to medication effects.ConclusionsThese data suggest that first-episode psychosis in bipolar disorder is associated with a gender-specific, right-lateralised thickness increase in anterior cingulate cortex subregions known to play a role in regulating physiological stress responses.

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Network Constraints on Longitudinal Grey Matter Changes in First Episode Psychosis

10.1101/2022.01.11.22268989 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Sidhant Chopra ◽

Stuart Oldham ◽

Ashlea Segal ◽

Alexander Holmes ◽

Kristina Sabaroedin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Volume Change ◽

Grey Matter ◽

Structural Connectivity ◽

First Episode Psychosis ◽

First Episode ◽

Control Group ◽

Grey Matter Volume ◽

Volume Changes ◽

Matter Volume ◽

Episode Psychosis

Background: Different regions of the brain's grey matter are connected by a complex structural network of white matter fibres which are responsible for the propagation of action potentials and the transport of trophic and other molecules. In neurodegenerative disease, these connections constrain the way in which grey matter volume loss progresses. Here, we investigated whether connectome architecture also shapes the spatial pattern of longitudinal grey matter volume changes attributable to illness and antipsychotic medication in first episode psychosis (FEP). Methods: We conducted a triple-blind randomised placebo-control MRI study where 62 young adults with first episode psychosis received either an atypical antipsychotic or placebo over 6-months. A healthy control group was also recruited. Anatomical MRI scans were acquired at baseline, 3-months and 12-months. Deformation-based morphometry was used to estimate illness-related and antipsychotic-related grey matter volume changes over time. Representative functional and structural brain connectivity patterns were derived from an independent healthy control group using resting-state functional MRI and diffusion-weighted imaging. We used neighbourhood deformation models to predict the extent of brain change in a given area by the changes observed in areas to which it is either structurally connected or functionally coupled. Results: At baseline, we found that empirical illness-related regional volume differences were strongly correlated with predicted differences using a model constrained by structural connectivity weights (ρ = .541; p < .001). At 3-months and 12-months, we also found a strong correlation between longitudinal regional illness-related (ρ > .516; p < .001) and antipsychotic-related volume change (ρ > .591; p < .001) with volumetric changes in structurally connected areas. These correlations were significantly greater than those observed across various null models accounting for lower-order spatial and network properties of the data. Associations between empirical and predicted volume change estimates were much lower for models that only considered binary structural connectivity (all ρ < .376), or which were constrained by inter-regional functional coupling (all ρ < .436). Finally, we found that potential epicentres of volume change emerged posteriorly early in the illness and shifted to the prefrontal cortex by later illness stages. Conclusion: Psychosis- and antipsychotic-related grey matter volume changes are strongly shaped by anatomical brain connectivity. This result is consistent with findings in other neurological disorders and implies that such connections may constrain pathological processes causing brain dysfunction in FEP.

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