Transnational Diffusion and Regional Resistance: Domestic LGBT Association Founding, 1979–2009

Social Forces ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tara Gonsalves
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
World Society ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Regional Culture ◽  
International Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Cultural Diffusion ◽  
The World ◽  
Negative Effect

Abstract In recent decades, scholars of world cultural diffusion have begun to examine the structure of the world society itself, finding evidence of regionalization within the network of international nongovernmental organizations (INGOs). There is little research, however, on how the structure of world society shapes processes of transnational diffusion. In this paper, I propose that the regionalization of world society, measured through INGO membership composition, structures the transnational diffusion of cultural norms like LGBT associations. Analyzing an original, comprehensive dataset of 3,141 domestic, voluntary LGBT associations founded between 1979 and 2009, I find that countries embedded in anti-LGBT regions are more resistant to the diffusion of domestic LGBT associations. I further find that the negative effect of embeddedness in anti-LGBT regions on domestic LGBT association founding is weakened by dependence on Western foreign aid. The findings highlight the importance of examining the composition of INGOs as well as attending to the role of regional culture in studies of transnational diffusion.

scholarly journals A Sociology of Foreign Aid and the World Society

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Swiss
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Scientific Literature ◽  
World Society ◽  
World Society Theory ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Scientific ◽  
New Research ◽  
Society Research

This article highlights an emerging research agenda for the study of foreign aid through a World Society theory lens. First, it briefly summarizes the social scientific literature on aid and sociologists' earlier contributions to this research. Next, it reviews the contours of world society research and the place of aid within this body of literature. Finally, it outlines three emergent threads of research on foreign aid that comprise a new research agenda for the sociology of foreign aid and its role in world society globalization.

Cultural Perspectives on Parenting

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-114
Author(s):  
Judi Mesman ◽  
Rosanneke A. G. Emmen
Keyword(s):  
Parenting Practices ◽  
Cultural Influences ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
Appropriate Behavior ◽  
Cultural Perspectives ◽  
The World ◽  
Majority Groups

This chapter focuses on cultural influences on parenting, examining patterns across countries, but also within countries in different ethnic groups. Whereas forms vary, two broad functions of parenting practices can be consistently identified across cultural contexts: establishing a relational bond providing safety and security in infancy (commonly referred to as attachment), and transmitting culturally appropriate behavior, knowledge, and skills throughout the childhood years. The chapter then looks at the role of culture in ethnic minority parenting, which has unique features that are different from those in ethnic majority groups. It concludes by reflecting on the state of the research field of culture and parenting, and directions for the future. Given the high cultural diversity in many urban regions in the world where professionals deal with families from all over the world, and the frequent “export” of parenting interventions from the West to other parts of the world, the field would benefit enormously from investing in mixed-methods studies examining these processes in situations where cultures meet, and where it is not immediately clear which cultural norms should prevail.

scholarly journals The Role of the External in Local Peacebuilding: Enabling Action—Managing Risk

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-430
Author(s):  
Jannie Lilja ◽  
Kristine Höglund
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Systematic Study ◽  
External Support ◽  
Local Institutions ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
International Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Local Initiatives ◽  
Managing Risk

Abstract Local peacebuilding has been embraced in principle by many donors, but the practice of external support to local initiatives needs further systematic study. While previous research has exposed the weaknesses of externally supported peacebuilding, less attention has been given to alternative strategies that can be taken to scale. This article puts the focus on international nongovernmental organizations as key intermediary actors in peacebuilding, and how they deal with dilemmas attached to local peacebuilding support. It contributes to the research on external-local dimensions of peacebuilding practice by identifying constructive functions that can be fulfilled by INGOs in situations where local institutions and actors are not able to address conflict on their own. Specifically, it uncovers the role of INGOs as risk absorbers and enablers of local peacebuilding action through the accompaniment of local partners.

Reflections on the Role of Science and Technology in Development

1979 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-93
Author(s):  
Thomas F. Malone
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
International Symposium ◽  
Third World ◽  
Science And Technology ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cooperative Action ◽  
International Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Industrialized Nations

The International Symposium on Science and Technology for Development, held in Singapore from 22–26 January 1979:(1) Demonstrated that cooperative action could be taken by international nongovernmental organizations which are concerned about the role of science and technology in the UN Conference on Science and Technology for Development (UNCSTD);(2) Caused a coalescing of these concerns in a commitment to bring the resources of science and technology to bear on Third-World problems;(3) Resulted in a strengthened commitment to revitalize the patterns of cooperation of nongovernmental scientific and technical (S&T) organizations to expand their ties to intergovernmental agencies; and(4) Led to an advised framework of action involving four groups, proposing: a) a network of institutions in developing countries to identify problems from the perspective of the developing countries themselves; b) a ‘switching mechanism’ in the nongovernmental sector to link the less developed countries (LDCs) with the resources of scientific and technological talent in industrialized nations; c) a multiplication of the collaboration of donor institutions; and d) a revitalization of the UN system for due application of S&T to development, accompanied by a more active working partnership with international nongovernmental organizations.

scholarly journals Does Foreign Aid Promote Financial Development in the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS)?

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. p39
Author(s):  
W. Jean Marie Kébré
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Financial Development ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
West African ◽  
International Financial Institutions ◽  
Economic Community ◽  
Development Indicators ◽  
Negative Effect

This article analyzes relationship between foreign aid and financial development in ECOWAS countries. These countries receive aid flows from developed countries and from international financial institutions. The article’s idea is to evaluate this aid effects on financial development and to assess role of governance on this relationship. The analysis uses panel data from ECOWAS countries over the period 1984-2016. The estimations’ results, based on Dynamic ordinary least squares (DOLS) estimator, show that aid is negatively and significantly linked with financial development indicators used. These results suggest that aid is an obstacle to financial development. Governance role tests do not change the negative effect of aid on financial development. However, the magnitude of the negative effect of interactive variables (with governance variables) is less than aid direct effect on financial development. These results suggest that an additional effort to improve governance in these countries would reduce aid negative effect on financial development, or even reverse this effect.

scholarly journals Nongovernmental Organizations and the Global Governance Institutional Gap

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel J Weaver
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Global Governance ◽  
Theoretical Foundation ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Analysis Procedure ◽  
International Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
Critical Case Study

Global governance refers to global cooperation through existing and developing structures, groups, and initiatives, yet little academic research focuses on the role of international nongovernmental organizations in promoting global governance. Using Benet’s polarities of democracy as theoretical foundation, the purpose of this qualitative, critical case study was to explore why and how INGOs address the gap in global governance institutions in terms of humanitarian support. Data collection involved open-ended interviews with 12 members of an international, nonprofit service organization providing humanitarian support to a global community. Interview data were inductively coded and subjected to a thematic analysis procedure. Findings revealed four key themes outlined in this article and may be used to promote increased provision of global humanitarian support.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF INVESTMENT IN THE FIELD OF AGRICULTURE IN KOSOVO

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 1459-1462
Author(s):  
Adelina Gashi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Foreign Aid ◽  
Significant Progress ◽  
Macroeconomic Stabilization ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
The Stability ◽  
High Level

Kosovo has made significant progress in institutional building and macroeconomic stabilization, even though, the opportunity to meet needy people was very slow. The lack of economic development seems to have a negative effect on the stability that will push economic growth. The most urgent challenge for Kosovo authorities was to maintain macroeconomic stability and achieve economic growth, in pursuit of the reduction of the high level of unemployment. Reducing foreign aid and spills in the private sector will make it very difficult to achieve this goal. Mitigation of emigration is a very important issue for Kosovo's economy.

Urbanization and Development: The Emergence of International Nongovernmental Organizations amid Declining States

2000 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
York W. Bradshaw ◽  
Mark J. Schafer
Keyword(s):  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Social Development ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Third World ◽  
First Century ◽  
International Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Early Twenty ◽  
National Governments ◽  
The Impact

Half of the world's population will live in cities by the early twenty-first century, and, of the ten most populated cities, nine will be in the developing world. Unfortunately, this is occurring at a time when national governments are increasingly unable to provide basic public services to growing populations. International nongovernmental organizations (INGOs) have dramatically increased their efforts in urban areas and in economic and social development in general. Although sociologists have examined the causes and effects of Third World urbanization and development, they have not focused on the role of nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) in this process. We argue that inclusion of NGOs in the literature is necessary and even compatible with several current theories of development. We test the impact of INGOs on three interrelated measures of urbanization and development: overurbanization, economic growth, and access to safe water. The results show that INGOs slow overurbanization and promote economic and social development.

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