scholarly journals 0835 Elucidating the Effect of Sleep Apnea on Cognitive Health: A Preliminary Report

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A318-A318
Author(s):  
A R Ramos ◽  
N Alperin ◽  
B Junco ◽  
S Lee ◽  
R Hernandez-Cardenache
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Neurocognitive Testing ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Global Cognition

Abstract Introduction We aim to determine the cognitive domains associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) age-related brain atrophy in a sample of middle-aged to older males. Methods We evaluated consecutive treatment naïve male OSA patients (AHI≥15) without dementia, stroke or heart disease (infarction, heart failure), from March to November of 2019. We obtained demographic variables, vascular risk factors, the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS) and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI). We also obtained computerized neurocognitive testing with the Go-NoGo Response Inhibition Test, Stroop Interference Test, Catch Game Test, Staged Information Processing Speed Test, Verbal Memory Test and Non-Verbal Memory Test. We derived domain-specific Z-scores age and education adjusted for global cognition, memory, attention, processing speed and executive function. Pearson correlation was used to evaluate bivariate associations between the sleep exposures and neurocognitive outcomes. Linear regression was used to evaluate associations between AHI and neurocognitive domains, adjusting for the ESS. Results A total of 15 participants 40 to 76 years of age, 73% of Hispanic/Latino background, completed neurocognitive testing. The average ESS was 8.2±6.0, PSQI=5.7±4.9, and AHI=48.9±25.5. Hypertension was seen in 66% and diabetes in 27%. The AHI was correlated with global cognition (r= -0.66; p=0.008), memory (r= -0.73; p=0.002) and attention (r= -0.67; p =0.007), but not executive function or processing speed. In addition, the AHI correlated with verbal memory (r= -0.76; p=0.001), but not with non-verbal memory. In adjusted models, the AHI was associated with global cognition (β= -0.60; p=0.05) and decreased memory (β= -0.85; p=0.006). However, the association with attention was explained by the ESS. The PSQI was not correlate with the cognitive domains. Conclusion In this pilot-study, the AHI was associated with decreased global cognition, and verbal memory accounting for sleepiness. Findings suggest the left-hippocampus as a region vulnerable to early age-related brain loss in OSA. Support Scientific Advisory Committee, Pilot grant, Miller School of Medicine; R21AG056952; R21HL140437.

scholarly journals Cognitive and Neuroimaging Correlates of Insomnia Symptoms in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Pilot-Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Ramos ◽  
Noam Alperin ◽  
Sang Lee ◽  
Wassim Tarraf ◽  
Kevin Gonzalez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Memory Test ◽  
Oxygen Level ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

We aim to determine the sleep correlates of age-related brain loss in a sample of middle-aged to older males with obstructive sleep apnea. We evaluated consecutive treatment naïve male patients with OSA (AHI≥15 events/hr) without dementia, stroke or heart disease, from January to November of 2019. We collected demographic variables, vascular risk factors, and sleep questionnaires. We also obtained computerized neurocognitive testing with the Go-No-Go Response Inhibition Test, Stroop Interference Test, Catch Game Test, Staged Information Processing Speed Test, Verbal Memory Test and Non-Verbal Memory Test. We derived age and education adjusted domain-specific Z-scores for global cognition, memory, attention, processing speed and executive function. We used brain MRI T1-weighted images to derive total hippocampal and gray matter volumes. Partial correlations evaluated associations between the ISI, AHI, and oxygen level during sleep, with cognitive domains and brain volumes. Sixteen participants, age 40-76 years, 73% Hispanic/Latino, with mean AHI=48.9±25.5 and mean oxygen saturation of 91.4±6.9% during sleep. Hypertension was seen in 66% and diabetes in 27%. We observed that ISI and oxygen level during sleep had strong correlations with brain volumes and cognition. These preliminary findings may aid in developing future strategies to improve age-related brain loss in OSA.

Abstract MP27: Changes In Cardiac Structure And Function Over 25 Years Are Associated With Lower Midlife Cognition: The Cardia Study

Circulation ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 143 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laure Rouch ◽  
Tina Hoang ◽  
Feng Xia ◽  
Stephen Sidney ◽  
Joao Lima ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Cardiac Structure ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Early Peak ◽  
Global Cognition ◽  
Cardiac Structure And Function ◽  
And Function

Background: Cardiovascular risk factors are associated with worse cognition, yet much less is known about the association of cardiac structure and function and decline over time with cognitive function, even as early as midlife. Method: We included 2256 subjects from the CARDIA (Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults) study (60% women, 44% black). Echocardiograms were repeated at Years 5, 25, 30 (mean age 30, 50, 55 years, respectively) to assess left ventricular (LV) mass (LVM); LV systolic function with LV ejection fraction (LVEF); LV diastolic function with left atrial volume (LAV) and early peak mitral velocity (E)/early peak mitral annular velocity (e’) ratio. Five cognitive domains were assessed at Year 30: verbal memory, verbal fluency, processing speed, executive function, and global cognition. We investigated the association of (1) 25-year change and (2) Year 25 cardiac structure and function on midlife cognition using linear regressions. Results: Over 25 years, LVM and LAV increased with mean change (SD) of 5.7 g/m 2 (21.7) and 9.6 mL/m 2 (7.4) while LVEF decreased by mean (SD) change of 1.5% (9.0). Greater 25-year increase in LVM was associated with lower global cognition, processing speed, executive function, verbal memory, and verbal fluency. Similarly, greater 25-year increase in LAV was associated with lower cognition on most cognitive domains. Adjustment for (1) demographics, education and (2) hypertension, diabetes, smoking did not notably change the results. 25-year decrease in LVEF was not associated with cognition. In addition, higher Year 25 LVM, LAV and E/e’ ratio were significantly associated with worse cognition on most cognitive domains. Conclusion: Midlife altered cardiac structure and adverse changes from early to middle adulthood are associated with lower midlife cognition. Moreover, LV diastolic but not systolic dysfunction is linked to lower cognition. Our results provide novel information linking early to midlife cardiac structure and function to cognition.

scholarly journals Cognitive and Neuroimaging Correlates of the Insomnia Severity Index in Obstructive Sleep Apnea: A Pilot-Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 5314
Author(s):  
Alberto R. Ramos ◽  
Noam Alperin ◽  
Sang Lee ◽  
Kevin A. Gonzalez ◽  
Wassim Tarraf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Processing Speed ◽  
Verbal Memory ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Apnea Hypopnea Index ◽  
Brain Volumes ◽  
Insomnia Severity Index ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Severity Index Score ◽  
Insomnia Severity

We aim to determine the sleep correlates of age-related brain loss in a sample of middle-aged to older males with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We recruited consecutive treatment naïve male patients with moderate to severe OSA from January to November of 2019. We excluded participants if they had dementia, stroke or heart disease. We collected demographic variables and vascular risk factors. We also obtained the insomnia severity index, the Epworth sleepiness scale and the Pittsburgh sleep quality index. We also obtained computerized neurocognitive testing with the go-no-go response inhibition test, Stroop interference test, catch game test, staged information processing speed test, verbal memory test and non-verbal memory test. We derived age and education adjusted domain-specific Z-scores for global cognition, memory, attention, processing speed and executive function. We used brain MRI T1-weighted images to derive total hippocampal and gray matter volumes. Partial correlations evaluated associations between variables from sleep questionnaires (e.g., insomnia severity index score), and polysomnographic variables (the apnea-hypopnea index, average oxygen levels during sleep) with cognitive domains and brain volumes. We examined 16 participants with an age range of 40–76 years, 73% Hispanic/Latino. The mean apnea-hypopnea index was 48.9 ± 25.5 and average oxygen saturation during sleep was 91.4% ± 6.9%. Hypertension was seen in 66% and diabetes mellitus in 27%. We found that the insomnia severity index score and average oxygen levels during sleep had the strongest correlations with brain volumes and cognition. These preliminary findings may aid in developing future strategies to improve age-related brain loss in patients with OSA.

Geriatric Otolaryngology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Caceres ◽  
Kourosh Parham
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Head And Neck ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Geriatric Syndromes ◽  
Healthcare Needs ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Age Related Hearing Loss

With increasing life expectancy, the unique healthcare needs of the older patient are being better appreciated. To address these growing needs, which differ from those of the average adult patient, otolaryngologists must acquire new knowledge and competencies. This chapter provides a broad overview of geriatric otolaryngology and highlights subspecialty topics where otolaryngologists are called upon to administer care. These include age-related hearing loss, balance disorders, sinonasal disease, voice and swallowing disorders, obstructive sleep apnea and head and neck cancer. Geriatric concerns in each of these specific areas have to be addressed in the broader context of geriatric syndromes in coordination with geriatricians or other geriatric-trained providers to advance an integrated, team-based approach to maintaining or restoring the older patients’ well-being. This review contains 3 figures, 2 tables and 161 references Keywords: Cognitive decline, delirium, frailty, age-related hearing loss, presbystasis, presbylarynx, immunosenecense, presbynasalis, vasomotor rhinitis, chronic sinusitis, age-related oflactory decline, dysphagia, head and neck malignant neoplasms, obstructive sleep apnea, geriatric syndromes and perioperative optimization.

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome and Age-Related Hypogonadism

2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-68
Author(s):  
I. M. Madaeva ◽  
O. N. Berdina ◽  
N. V. Semenova ◽  
V. V. Madaev ◽  
L. V. Rychkova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Obstructive Sleep ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

scholarly journals Obstructive Sleep Apnea as an Acceleration Trigger of Cellular Senescence Processes through Telomere Shortening

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 12536
Author(s):  
Szymon Turkiewicz ◽  
Marta Ditmer ◽  
Marcin Sochal ◽  
Piotr Białasiewicz ◽  
Dominik Strzelecki ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Obstructive Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Circadian Clock ◽  
Chronic Inflammation ◽  
Cellular Senescence ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Telomere Shortening ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Obstructive Sleep

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is chronic disorder which is characterized by recurrent pauses of breathing during sleep which leads to hypoxia and its two main pathological sequelae: oxidative stress and chronic inflammation. Both are also associated with cellular senescence. As OSA patients present with higher prevalence of age-related disorders, such as atrial hypertension or diabetes mellitus type 2, a relationship between OSA and accelerated aging is observable. Furthermore, it has been established that these OSA are associated with telomere shortening. This process in OSA is likely caused by increased oxidative DNA damage due to increased reactive oxygen species levels, DNA repair disruptions, hypoxia, chronic inflammation, and circadian clock disturbances. The aim of the review is to summarize study outcomes on changes in leukocyte telomere length (LTL) in OSA patients and describe possible molecular mechanisms which connect cellular senescence and the pathophysiology of OSA. The majority of OSA patients are characterized by LTL attrition due to oxidative stress, hypoxia and inflammation, which make a kind of positive feedback loop, and circadian clock disturbance.

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