078 Chronic sleep and circadian disruption differentially affects blood pressure, renal sodium retention, and aldosterone secretion

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A32-A33
Author(s):  
Andrew McHill ◽  
Ciaran McMullan ◽  
Joseph Hull ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Elizabeth Klerman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Circadian Disruption ◽  
Sodium Retention ◽  
Increase Blood Pressure ◽  
Aldosterone Secretion ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Circadian Phase ◽  
Time Awake ◽  
Chronic Sleep

Abstract Introduction Chronic sleep restriction (CSR) and recurrent circadian disruption (RCD; e.g., rotating shiftwork) can increase an individual’s risk of cardiovascular and kidney disease. However, no study has assessed whether CSR and RCD together increase blood pressure (BP) and alter renal function (RF). We tested the hypotheses that the combination of CSR and RCD would increase blood pressure, renal sodium retention, and aldosterone secretion in individuals living for 3 weeks on an imposed non-24-h sleep-wake (SW) schedule (induces RCD) and controlled diet with or without CSR. Methods Seventeen (9M) healthy participants (aged 26.1±4.5y [mean±SD]) were scheduled to twenty-four 20-h Forced Desynchrony days and were randomized to either Control (1:2 sleep:wake, 6.67h sleep:13.33h wake; n=8) or CSR (1:3.3 sleep:wake, 4.67h sleep: 5.33h wake; n=9) SW conditions during a 32-day inpatient protocol. BP was measured following ~80–90 min in constant seated posture after scheduled waketime. All urine voids were collected, combined and sampled in 3-6h blocks throughout the study. Samples were assayed for sodium, potassium and aldosterone and analyzed as both excretion rates and total secretion (both per 20h). Data were assigned circadian phase using fitted core body temperature and analyzed using mixed-effects models with circadian phase, aligned/misaligned sleep, or time awake (with associated scheduled activity, sleep/wake, and feeding behaviors) and their interactions as fixed effects. Results There was a significant interaction between aligned/misaligned sleep and condition for resting BP (p=0.02), such that systolic BP was ~6% higher following circadian-misaligned sleep in CSR compared to Control (p=0.04). Renal sodium and potassium followed a robust circadian pattern (p<0.0001), with limited influence of time awake. In contrast, the timing of aldosterone excretion was affected by time awake (p<0.05). Total daily renal sodium secretion decreased from beginning to end of the protocol (p=0.03), with no change in sodium consumption and aldosterone secretion (p=0.95). Conclusion Under conditions similar to rotating shiftwork, systolic BP increased and sodium, potassium, and aldosterone were differentially influenced by circadian phase and scheduled behaviors. Additionally, renal sodium secretion decreased despite minimal changes in aldosterone secretion, suggesting increased renal aldosterone sensitivity. These findings may provide insight into mechanisms contributing to poor cardiovascular and renal health observed in shiftwork. Support (if any):

DER EINFLUSS HOHER KOCHSALZ-GABEN AUF DIE ALDOSTERON- UND ELEKTROLYTAUSSCHEIDUNG BEI GESUNDEN SCHWANGEREN

1964 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 469-484 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Stark ◽  
J. Lehmann-Achilles
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Test Period ◽  
Potassium Excretion ◽  
Sodium Retention ◽  
Oedema Formation ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Salt Loading ◽  
Very High

ABSTRACT In order to determine what effect is produced on aldosterone excretion by the sodium retention observed in pre-eclampsia, a large dose of sodium was administered and the following were investigated: excretion of aldosterone, sodium, potassium, water, body weight, blood pressure and oedema formation. This investigation was performed on eleven women between the seventh and tenth months of pregnancy. The experimental period consisted of five (5) pre-test days, ten (10) days of actual testing and two (2) days after the test. During the test-period the patient received 18 g NaCl as a 1.8% i. v. solution daily. All the patients tolerated the infusions well. No definite changes in blood pressure, weight or oedema were noted. By intake and out-put measurements during the test period a sodium and water retention was found, while the potassium excretion remained unchanged. In all cases the values of aldosterone excretion (very high in pregnancy) were reduced as a result of salt-loading to about ⅕ of the pre-test period. In the post-experimental period the values returned to those of the pretest period. It is concluded that the lowered aldosterone excretion values in preeclampsia or eclampsia are caused by increased sodium retention, which also occurs in the sodium loading experiments.

scholarly journals Norepinephrine-associated left ventricular outflow tract obstruction and systolic anterior movement

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. e225879 ◽  
Author(s):  
Warner Mbuila Mampuya ◽  
Jonathan Dumont ◽  
Francois Lamontagne
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular Outflow Tract ◽  
Myocardial Hypertrophy ◽  
Ventricular Outflow Tract ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Outflow Tract ◽  
Increase Blood Pressure ◽  
Ventricular Outflow Tract Obstruction ◽  
Left Ventricular Outflow ◽  
Systolic Anterior Movement

In the perioperative setting, norepinephrine is used to increase blood pressure, an effect mediated mostly via arterial and venous vasoconstriction. Thus, norepinephrine is, allegedly, less likely to cause or worsen left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) than other inotropes. We report a case of norepinephrine-associated dynamic LVOTO and systolic anterior movement in a predisposed patient. This report highlights that unrecognised dynamic LVOTO may worsen shock parameters in patients treated with norepinephrine who have underlying myocardial hypertrophy.

Exercise and pyridostigmine prevents gastric emptying delay and increase blood pressure and cisplatin-induced baroreflex sensitivity in rats

Life Sciences ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 267 ◽  
pp. 118972
Author(s):  
Mariana Sousa Silva ◽  
Yasmim de Andrade Gomes ◽  
Mickael Laudrup de Sousa Cavalcante ◽  
Pedro Victor Nogueira Telles ◽  
Alda Cássia Alves da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Baroreflex Sensitivity ◽  
Increase Blood Pressure

Genetic variations of SCNA7 and blood pressure potassium interaction

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Delgado ◽  
M Delgado-Lelievre ◽  
D Lelievre ◽  
A Delgado-Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Blood Institute ◽  
Urine Creatinine ◽  
National Heart Lung ◽  
Gated Channel ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Introduction The sodium voltage-gated channel alpha subunit 7 (SCN7A) has been associated to renal Na regulation and hypertension. This study explores the relationship between blood pressure (BP) and urinary overnight Na/K ratio (UONaK) in hypertensives (HT) and normotensive (NT) subjects from from National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute funded, Family Blood Pressure Program (FBPP) that were genotyped for 3 SNPs for SCN7A: CV2161217, CV 356958 and CV433036. Hypothesis Genetic variations in the SCNA7 are differently associated to BP and UONaK in HT and NT. Methods 1,749 subjects genotyped for SCN7A SNPs CV2161217, CV 356958 and CV433036 were analyzed from FBPP. Subjects with diastolic BP (DBP) ≥80 or systolic BP (SBP) ≥130 mmHg were classified HTN; subjects with SBP <130 and DBP <80 mmHg were classified as NT. UONAK was calculated by dividing overnight Na by K concentration. Correlation analysis done with partial variables (use of antihypertensive drug, use of diuretics, overnight urine creatinine). Results For the CV2161217, HTN group (n=1,030), 52% had C/C, 39% C/T and 9% T/T. In NT group (n=719), 52% had C/C, 38% C/T and 10% T/T. In the HT group, subjects with CC genotype showed strong correlation between DBP and UONaK (Fig 1a) while no significant correlation with SBP. Those with CT genotype maintained the correlation between SBP and UONaK (r=0.10, p=0.03) with no correlation with SBP. The TT showed no correlation between UONaK and SBP or DBP. In the NT, subjects with TT genotype showed strong correlation between DBP and UONaK (Fig 1b) and with SB (r=0.256, p=0.03). Those with CT or TT genotypes showed no correlation between UONaK and SBP or DBP. Similar finding were obtained for CV356958 SNP; no similar association was observed in the CV433036 SNP. Conclusions Subjects with the genetic variations in the SCNA7, such as CV2161217 and CV 356958 SNPs, showed significant correlation between blood pressure and overnight urinary sodium potassium. This finding could have important implications in non dipping status observed in some hypertensive patients. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Independence of Blood Pressure and Aldosterone Secretion

1967 ◽  
Vol 276 (14) ◽  
pp. 784-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.A. Espiner ◽  
J.R. Tucci ◽  
P.I. Jagger ◽  
D.P. Lauler
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Aldosterone Secretion

Does calcium chloride increase blood pressure and uterine blood flow during hemorrhagic hypotension in hypermagnesemic gravid ewes?

1991 ◽  
Vol 75 (3) ◽  
pp. A822-A822
Author(s):  
R D Vincent ◽  
D H Chestnut ◽  
S L Sipes ◽  
C S Thompson ◽  
S A Bleuer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Calcium Chloride ◽  
Increase Blood Pressure ◽  
Uterine Blood Flow ◽  
Hemorrhagic Hypotension

Endothelin B receptors impair baroreflex function and increase blood pressure variability during high salt diet

2021 ◽  
pp. 102796
Author(s):  
Bryan K. Becker ◽  
Jermaine G. Johnston ◽  
Carolyn Young ◽  
Alfredo A. Torres Rodriguez ◽  
Chunhua Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Variability ◽  
High Salt ◽  
Increase Blood Pressure ◽  
High Salt Diet ◽  
Salt Diet ◽  
Baroreflex Function ◽  
Endothelin B

Use of Multiple Visits to Increase Blood Pressure Tracking Correlations in Childhood

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 87 (5) ◽  
pp. 708-711
Author(s):  
Matthew W. Gillman ◽  
Bernard Rosner ◽  
Denis A. Evans ◽  
Laurel A. Smith ◽  
James O. Taylor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Systolic Pressure ◽  
Pearson Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Increase Blood Pressure ◽  
Multiple Visit

Previous studies of childhood blood pressure have shown tracking correlations, which estimate the magnitude of association between initial and subsequent measurements, to be lower than corresponding adult values. Inasmuch as this disparity could arise from failing to account for a larger week-to-week variability in children, blood pressure was measured for 4 successive years, on four weekly visits in each year, and with three measurements at each visit, using a random-zero sphygmomanometer, in a cohort of 333 schoolchildren aged 8 through 15 at entry. Ninety percent of subjects had measurements in 1 or more years of follow-up. For all follow-up periods (1, 2, and 3 years from baseline), the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure rose substantially with the number of weekly visits used to calculate each subject's yearly blood pressure (P < .0001). For systolic pressure, the 3-year r values for 1, 2, 3, and 4 visits were .45, .55, .64, and .69, respectively. For diastolic pressure (Korotkoff phase 4), the corresponding values were .28, .41, .47, and .54. These higher multiple-visit estimates of tracking approximate published adult values and raise the possibility that prediction of adult blood pressure from childhood measurements may be improved by averaging readings from multiple weekly visits.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document