Relationships of sleep traits with lung cancer risk: a prospective cohort study in UK Biobank

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junxing Xie ◽  
Meng Zhu ◽  
Mengmeng Ji ◽  
Jingyi Fan ◽  
Yanqian Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
High Genetic Risk ◽  
Sleep Behaviors ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Study objectives To prospectively investigate the association between sleep traits and lung cancer risk, accounting for the interactions with genetic predisposition of lung cancer. Methods We included 469,691 individuals free of lung cancer at recruitment from UK Biobank, measuring sleep behaviors with a standardized questionnaire and identifying incident lung cancer cases through linkage to national cancer and death registries. We estimated multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HR) for lung cancer (2,177 incident cases) across four sleep traits (sleep duration, chronotype, insomnia and snoring), and examined the interaction and joint effects with a lung cancer polygenic risk score. Results A U-shaped association was observed for sleep duration and lung cancer risk, with a 18% higher risk (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.07-1.30) for short sleepers and a 17% higher risk (95%CI: 1.02-1.34) for long sleepers compared with normal sleepers (7-8 h/day). Evening preference was associated with elevated lung cancer risk compared with morning preference (HR: 1.25; 95%CI: 1.07-1.46), but no association was found for insomnia or snoring. Compared to participants with favorable sleep traits and low genetic risk, those with both unfavorable sleep duration (<7 hours or >8 hours) or evening preference and high genetic risk showed the greatest lung cancer risk (HRsleep duration: 1.83; 95%CI: 1.47-2.27; HRchronotype: 1.85; 95%CI: 1.34-2.56). Conclusions Both unfavorable sleep duration and evening chronotype were associated with increased lung cancer incidence, especially for those with low to moderate genetic risk. These results indicate that sleep behaviors as modifiable risk factors may have potential implications for lung cancer risk.

scholarly journals White Blood Cell Count and Risk of Incident Lung Cancer in the UK Biobank

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Y Y Wong ◽  
Bryan A Bassig ◽  
Erikka Loftfield ◽  
Wei Hu ◽  
Neal D Freedman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Blood Cell ◽  
White Blood Cell ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Former Smokers ◽  
Never Smokers ◽  
The Uk ◽  
Incident Cases

Abstract Background The contribution of measurable immunological and inflammatory parameters to lung cancer development remains unclear, particularly among never smokers. We investigated the relationship between total and differential white blood cell (WBC) counts and incident lung cancer risk overall and among subgroups defined by smoking status and sex in the United Kingdom (UK). Methods We evaluated 424 407 adults aged 37–73 years from the UK Biobank. Questionnaires, physical measurements, and blood were administered and collected at baseline in 2006–2010. Complete blood cell counts were measured using standard methods. Lung cancer diagnoses and histological classifications were obtained from cancer registries. Multivariable Cox regression models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals of incident lung cancer in relation to quartiles (Q) of total WBC and subtype-specific counts, with Q1 as the reference. Results There were 1493 incident cases diagnosed over an average 7-year follow-up. Overall, the highest quartile of total WBC count was statistically significantly associated with elevated lung cancer risk (HRQ4 = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.41 to 1.98). Among women, increased risks were found in current smokers (ncases / n = 244 / 19 464, HRQ4 = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.46 to 3.16), former smokers (ncases / n = 280 / 69 198, HRQ4 = 1.75, 95% CI = 1.24 to 2.47), and never smokers without environmental tobacco smoke exposure (ncases / n = 108 / 111 294, HRQ4 = 1.93, 95% CI = 1.11 to 3.35). Among men, stronger associations were identified in current smokers (ncase s / n = 329 / 22 934, HRQ4 = 2.95, 95% CI = 2.04 to 4.26) and former smokers (ncases / n = 358/71 616, HRQ4 = 2.38, 95% CI = 1.74 to 3.27) but not in never smokers. Findings were similar for lung adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma and were driven primarily by elevated neutrophil fractions. Conclusions Elevated WBCs could potentially be one of many important markers for increased lung cancer risk, especially among never-smoking women and ever-smoking men.

scholarly journals Commute patterns, residential traffic-related air pollution, and lung cancer risk in the prospective UK Biobank cohort study

2021 ◽  
Vol 155 ◽  
pp. 106698
Author(s):  
Jason Y.Y. Wong ◽  
Rena R. Jones ◽  
Charles Breeze ◽  
Batel Blechter ◽  
Nathaniel Rothman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Uk Biobank

scholarly journals Commute Patterns, Residential Traffic-Related Air Pollution, and Lung Cancer Risk in the Prospective UK Biobank Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason Y.Y. Wong ◽  
Rena R. Jones ◽  
Charles Breeze ◽  
Batel Blechter ◽  
Nathaniel Rothman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Uk Biobank

scholarly journals Association of social isolation, loneliness, and genetic risk with incidence of dementia: UK Biobank cohort study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marko Elovainio ◽  
Jari Lahti ◽  
Matti Pirinen ◽  
Laura Pulkki-Råback ◽  
Anni Malmberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
List Type ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
High Genetic Risk ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Socially Isolated

ObjectiveTo examine the associations of social isolation and loneliness with incident dementia by level of genetic risk.DesignProspective population-based cohort study.Setting and participants155 074 men and women (mean age 64.1, SD 2.9 years) from the UK Biobank Study, recruited between 2006 and 2010.Main exposuresSelf-reported social isolation and loneliness, and polygenic risk score for Alzheimer’s disease with low (lowest quintile), intermediate (quintiles 2 to 4), and high (highest quintile) risk categories.Main outcomeIncident all-cause dementia ascertained using electronic health records.ResultsOverall, 8.6% of participants reported that they were socially isolated and 5.5% were lonely. During a mean follow-up of 8.8 years (1.36 million person-years), 1444 (0.9% of the total sample) were diagnosed with dementia. Social isolation, but not loneliness, was associated with increased risk of dementia (hazard ratio 1.62, 95% confidence interval 1.38 to 1.90). Of the participants who were socially isolated and had high genetic risk, 4.2% (2.9% to 5.5%) were estimated to develop dementia compared with 3.1% (2.7% to 3.5%) in participants who were not socially isolated but had high genetic risk. The corresponding estimated incidence in the socially isolated and not isolated were 3.9% (3.1% to 4.6%) and 2.5% (2.2% to 2.6%) in participants with intermediate genetic risk.ConclusionSocially isolated individuals are at increased risk of dementia at all levels of genetic risk.What is already known on this topicSocial isolation and loneliness have been associated with increased risk of dementiaIt is not known whether this risk is modified or confounded by genetic risk of dementiaWhat this study addsThis is the first study to show that social isolation is associated with increased risk of dementia across the spectrum of genetic riskLoneliness, although considered as a significant risk for multiple health problems, seems to be associated with dementia only when combined with high genetic risk

scholarly journals Incorporating Both Genetic and Tobacco Smoking Data to Identify High-Risk Smokers for Lung Cancer Screening

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guochong Jia ◽  
Wanqing Wen ◽  
Pierre P Massion ◽  
Xiao-Ou Shu ◽  
Wei Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cancer Risk ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Lung Cancer Risk ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Heavy Smoker ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Heavy Smokers

Abstract The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) recently proposed to widen the current lung cancer screening guideline to include less-heavy smokers. We sought to incorporate both genetic and tobacco smoking data to evaluate the proposed new guideline in white smokers. We constructed a polygenic risk score (PRS) using lung cancer risk variants. Using data from 308,490 participants of European descent in the UK Biobank, a population-based cohort study, we estimated hazard ratios (HRs) of lung cancer associated with both tobacco smoking and PRS to identify individuals at a similar or higher risk than the group of heavy smokers who are recommended for screening under the USPSTF-2014 guideline (≥30 pack-years, either current or former smokers who quit within 15 years). During a median follow-up of 5.8 years, 1,449 incident cases of lung cancer were identified. We found a similar lung cancer risk for current smokers with 20-29 pack-years (HR=20.7, 95% confidence interval (CI): 16.3-26.4) and the “heavy smoker group” defined above (HR=19.9, 95% CI: 16.8-23.6) compared with never smokers. Current smokers with 20-29 pack-years did not reach a 6-year absolute risk of 0.0151, a suggested risk threshold for using low-dose computed tomography screening, until the age of 55 years. However, these smokers at high genetic risk (PRS ≥80%) reached this risk level at the age of 50. Our findings support the USPSTF proposal to lower the smoking pack-year eligibility to 20 pack-years for current smokers and suggest that PRS for lung cancer could be considered to identify high-risk smokers for screening.

scholarly journals Modification effect of ideal cardiovascular health metrics on genetic association with incident heart failure in the China Kadoorie Biobank and the UK Biobank

BMC Medicine ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruotong Yang ◽  
Jun Lv ◽  
Canqing Yu ◽  
Yu Guo ◽  
Pei Pei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Genetic Association ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Polygenic Risk Score ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Additive Interaction ◽  
High Genetic Risk ◽  
Modification Effect

Abstract Background Both genetic and cardiovascular factors contribute to the risk of developing heart failure (HF), but whether idea cardiovascular health metrics (ICVHMs) offset the genetic association with incident HF remains unclear. Objectives To investigate the genetic association with incident HF as well as the modification effect of ICVHMs on such genetic association in Chinese and British populations. Methods An ICVHMs based on smoking, drinking, physical activity, diets, body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, blood glucose, and blood lipids, and a polygenic risk score (PRS) for HF were constructed in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) of 96,014 participants and UK Biobank (UKB) of 335,782 participants which were free from HF and severe chronic diseases at baseline. Results During the median follow-up of 11.38 and 8.73 years, 1451 and 3169 incident HF events were documented in CKB and UKB, respectively. HF risk increased monotonically with the increase of PRS per standard deviation (CKB: hazard ratio [HR], 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.07, 1.32; UKB: 1.07; 1.03, 1.11; P for trend < 0.001). Each point increase in ICVHMs was associated with 15% and 20% lower risk of incident HF in CKB (0.85; 0.81, 0.90) and UKB (0.80; 0.77, 0.82), respectively. Compared with unfavorable ICVHMs, favorable ICVHMs was associated with a lower HF risk, with 0.71 (0.44, 1.15), 0.41 (0.22, 0.77), and 0.48 (0.30, 0.77) in the low, intermediate, and high genetic risk in CKB and 0.34 (0.26, 0.44), 0.32 (0.25, 0.41), and 0.37 (0.28, 0.47) in UKB (P for multiplicative interaction > 0.05). Participants with low genetic risk and favorable ICVHMs, as compared with high genetic risk and unfavorable ICVHMs, had 56~72% lower risk of HF (CKB 0.44; 0.28, 0.70; UKB 0.28; 0.22, 0.37). No additive interaction between PRS and ICVHMs was observed (relative excess risk due to interaction was 0.05 [−0.22, 0.33] in CKB and 0.04 [−0.14, 0.22] in UKB). Conclusions In CKB and UKB, genetic risk and ICVHMs were independently associated with the risk of incident HF, which suggested that adherence to favorable cardiovascular health status was associated with a lower HF risk among participants with all gradients of genetic risk.

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