scholarly journals Pulse wave amplitude drops during sleep: clinical significance and characteristics in a general population sample

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Camila Hirotsu ◽  
Monica Betta ◽  
Giulio Bernardi ◽  
Pedro Marques-Vidal ◽  
Peter Vollenweider ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Clinical Significance ◽  
Wave Amplitude ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulse Wave Amplitude ◽  
Cardiometabolic Disorders

Abstract Study Objectives To explore the clinical significance of pulse wave amplitude (PWA)-drops during sleep as a biomarker for cardiometabolic disorders and describe their main characteristics in a general population sample. Methods Cross-sectional study of HypnoLaus cohort, in which 2162 individuals underwent clinical assessment and in-home full polysomnography. PWA-drops were derived from photoplethysmography and processed using a validated automated algorithm. Associations between PWA-drop features (index, mean duration, and mean area under the curve [AUC]) with hypertension, diabetes, and previous cardiovascular (CV) event were analyzed using multivariable-adjusted logistic regression. Results Two thousand one hundred forty-nine participants (59 ± 11 years, 51% women, 9.9% diabetes, 41.3% hypertension, 4.4% CV event) were included. Mean ± standard deviation (SD) of PWA-drop index, duration, and AUC during sleep were 51.0 ± 20.3 events/hour, 14.0 ± 2.7 seconds, and 527±115 %seconds, respectively. PWA-drop index was lower in women and decreased with age, while its mean duration and AUC increased in men and elderly. Overall, lower PWA-drop index, longer duration and greater AUC were associated with increased odds of hypertension, diabetes, or CV event after adjustment for confounders. Participants in the lowest quartile of mean duration-normalized PWA-drop index had a significantly higher odds ratio (OR) of hypertension (OR = 1.60 [1.19–2.16]), CV event (OR = 3.26 [1.33–8.03]), and diabetes (OR = 1.71 [1.06–2.76]) compared to those in the highest quartile. Similar results were observed for mean AUC-normalized PWA-drop index regarding hypertension (OR = 1.59 [1.19–2.13]), CV event (OR = 2.45 [1.14–5.26]) and diabetes (OR = 1.76 [1.10–2.83]). Conclusions PWA-drop features during sleep seem to be an interesting biomarker independently associated with cardiometabolic outcomes in the general population.

scholarly journals 0860 Pulse Wave Amplitude Drops During Sleep: Reference Values And Clinical Associations In A General Population

SLEEP ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. A345-A345
Author(s):  
Camila Hirotsu ◽  
Pedro Marques-Vidal ◽  
Peter Vollenweider ◽  
Monica Betta ◽  
Giulio Bernardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Wave Amplitude ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Pulse Wave Amplitude ◽  
Clinical Associations

The epidemiology of illicit and licit drug use in Greece: a nationwide general population survey

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
MG Madianos ◽  
D Gefou-Madianou ◽  
CN Stefanis
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
General Population ◽  
Illicit Drug ◽  
Occupational Status ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Illicit Drug Use ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional

SummaryA cross-sectional home survey on the epidemiology of drug use in Greece, with a nationwide general population sample of 4,291 respondents aged 12 to 64, was carried out. The weighted life prevalence of reported illicit drug use in the total sample was found to be 9% among males and 2.5% among females, with a ratio of 3.6: 1. Six and a half percent of males of all ages had used, at some time, licit psychotropic drugs without a doctor's order, while females presented much higher prevalence rates (14.9%). Young adults reported higher rates of both illicit and licit lifetime and past-year use, compared to the other age groups. Illicit drug use was less common, in females of all ages. Cannabis was the most common illicit drug used. Current as well as lifetime use of pain relievers without a doctor's prescription was found to be highest among all other licit substances. This holds true for all age groups and for both sexes. Tranquillizers were predominantly used by females of all ages. Certain sociodemographic variables, such as sex, educational level, marital status, place of residence and occupational status were found to be related to drug use in Greece.

Changes in the prevalence of psychiatric disorder in a community are related to changes in the mean level of psychiatric symptoms

1996 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1253-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joyce E. Whittington ◽  
Felicia A. Huppert
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Relationship

SynopsisThe paper of Anderson et al. (1993), based on cross-sectional data, showed that minor psychiatric disorder in a population is linearly related to the mean number of psychiatric symptoms in the population. The present investigation asks whether the same relationship holds longitudinally as well as cross-sectionally. Data from a 7-year follow-up of a general population sample demonstrate, for the first time, that a relationship exists between changes in prevalence of psychiatric disorder and changes in the mean number of psychiatric symptoms in a given population. Moreover, the relationship is linear; a one-point decrease in mean scores on the GHQ-30 is associated with a 6% decrease in prevalence of disorder.

Associations between brain morphology and outcome in schizophrenia in a general population sample

2014 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 456-462 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Jääskeläinen ◽  
P. Juola ◽  
J. Kurtti ◽  
M. Haapea ◽  
M. Kyllönen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Grey Matter ◽  
Brain Mri ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Brain Morphology ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Left Frontal Lobe ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Course Of Illness ◽  
Limbic Area

AbstractObjectiveTo analyse associations between brain morphology and longitudinal and cross-sectional measures of outcomes in schizophrenia in a general population sample.MethodsThe sample was the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort. In 1999–2001, structural brain MRI and measures of clinical and functional outcomes were analysed for 54 individuals with schizophrenia around the age of 34. Sex, total grey matter, duration of illness and the use of antipsychotic medication were used as covariates.ResultsAfter controlling for multiple covariates, increased density of the left limbic area was associated with less hospitalisations and increased total white matter volume with being in remission. Higher density of left frontal grey matter was associated with not being on a disability pension and higher density of the left frontal lobe and left limbic area were related to better functioning. Higher density of the left limbic area was associated with better longitudinal course of illness.ConclusionsThis study, based on unselected general population data, long follow-up and an extensive database, confirms findings of previous studies, that morphological abnormalities in several brain structures are associated with outcome. The difference in brain morphology in patients with good and poor outcomes may reflect separable aetiologies and developmental trajectories in schizophrenia.

scholarly journals Teacher’s Reasons for Trust and Distrust in Scientific Evidence: Reflecting a “Smart But Evil” Stereotype?

AERA Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 233285842110285
Author(s):  
Tom Rosman ◽  
Samuel Merk
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
General Population ◽  
Educational Research ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Evaluation Framework ◽  
General Population Sample ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Hypothesis Evaluation

We investigate in-service teachers’ reasons for trust and distrust in educational research compared to research in general. Building on previous research on a so-called “smart but evil” stereotype regarding educational researchers, three sets of confirmatory hypotheses were preregistered. First, we expected that teachers would emphasize expertise—as compared with benevolence and integrity—as a stronger reason for trust in educational researchers. Moreover, we expected that this pattern would not only apply to educational researchers, but that it would generalize to researchers in general. Furthermore, we hypothesized that the pattern could also be found in the general population. Following a pilot study aiming to establish the validity of our measures (German general population sample; N = 504), hypotheses were tested in an online study with N = 414 randomly sampled German in-service teachers. Using the Bayesian informative hypothesis evaluation framework, we found empirical support for five of our six preregistered hypotheses.

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