Disease–Weather Relationships for Powdery Mildew and Yellow Rust on Winter Wheat

Key weather factors determining the occurrence and severity of powdery mildew and yellow rust epidemics on winter wheat were identified. Empirical models were formulated to qualitatively predict a damaging epidemic (>5% severity) and quantitatively predict the disease severity given a damaging epidemic occurred. The disease data used was from field experiments at 12 locations in the UK covering the period from 1994 to 2002 with matching data from weather stations within a 5 km range. Wind in December to February was the most influential factor for a damaging epidemic of powdery mildew. Disease severity was best identified by a model with temperature, humidity, and rain in April to June. For yellow rust, the temperature in February to June was the most influential factor for a damaging epidemic as well as for disease severity. The qualitative models identified favorable circumstances for damaging epidemics, but damaging epidemics did not always occur in such circumstances, probably due to other factors such as the availability of initial inoculum and cultivar resistance.

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Influence of a chemical preparation of triazole50% cs on sowing the winter wheat against rust

International Journal on Integrated Education ◽

10.31149/ijie.v3i9.626 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 3 (9) ◽

pp. 231-233

Author(s):

AliyevSh.K. ◽

TuychiyevI.U ◽

Karimov N ◽

Umaraliev.M.I

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Yellow Rust ◽

Biological Efficiency ◽

Chemical Preparation ◽

Seed Growth ◽

Biological Farming ◽

The Given ◽

Farming Efficiency

The article is focused on the data of the carried works on studying biological efficiency of fungi Triazole 50% on sowing the winter wheat against yellow rust as well as on the height, development and fertility of the wheat. On May 5, 2019 from 9 to 10 o’clock under the temperature 21-23 field experiments of Triazol 50% CS manufactured by the firm “Agroximstar” (Uzbekistan) were carried out on winter wheat as a protector of seeds of winter wheat of Pervitsa sort against the disease of yellow rustin the irrigated conditions in an experimental field of the Institute “Istiklal” of Andijan district of Andijan region. The aim of the given research is to study biological-farming efficiency and determination of optimal norms of preparation expenses and to study the influence of fungicide on the height and development as well as on the fertility of the wheat. The received data showed that the preparation Triazole 50% CS effected on the pathogen of yellow rust favorably and besides that it didn’t effect on seed growth and energy of growth negatively.

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Influence of sowing dates on the incidence of powdery mildew of chilli

Journal of AgriSearch ◽

10.21921/jas.v4i2.7784 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

Author(s):

SUDHEENDRA A. ASHTAPUTRE

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Field Experiment ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Agricultural Research ◽

Time Interval ◽

Research Station ◽

Inoculum Potential ◽

Weather Factors ◽

Agricultural Research Station ◽

Sowing Dates

A field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2005 at Agricultural Research station, Devihosur, Haveri, Karnataka to assess the progress of powdery mildew at different time interval of sowing dates. Totally 20 different dates of sowings were imposed in the experiment at an interval of 10 days. The crop sown on last week of May to mid of June recorded minimum disease severity compared to rest of the date of sowings. This clearly indicated that crop sown during this period suffers less, which may be due to low inoculum potential, whereas late sown crop suffers more because of the readily available inoculum in the early sown crops. Low disease severity in last week of May to mid of June sowing may be attributed to the non-congenial weather factors for the development of the disease.

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Discrimination of powdery mildew and yellow rust of winter wheat using high-resolution hyperspectra and imageries

Infrared and Laser Engineering ◽

10.3788/irla20174601.138004 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 46 (1) ◽

pp. 138004

Author(s):

梁栋 Liang Dong ◽

刘娜 Liu Na ◽

张东彦 Zhang Dongyan ◽

赵晋陵 Zhao Jinling ◽

林芬芳 Lin Fenfang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Resolution ◽

Powdery Mildew ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Yellow Rust

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Quantifying the Effects of Wheat Residue on Severity of Stagonospora nodorum Blotch and Yield in Winter Wheat

Phytopathology ◽

10.1094/phyto-03-15-0080-r ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 105 (11) ◽

pp. 1417-1426 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

L. K. Mehra ◽

C. Cowger ◽

R. Weisz ◽

P. S. Ojiambo

Keyword(s):

North Carolina ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Block Design ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Kernel Weight ◽

Stagonospora Nodorum ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Stagonospora Nodorum Blotch ◽

Initial Inoculum

Stagonospora nodorum blotch (SNB), caused by the fungus Parastagonospora nodorum, is a major disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum). Residue from a previously infected wheat crop can be an important source of initial inoculum, but the effects of infected residue on disease severity and yield have not previously been quantified. Experiments were conducted in Raleigh and Salisbury, North Carolina, in 2012, 2013, and 2014 using the moderately susceptible winter wheat cultivar DG Shirley. In 2014, the highly susceptible cultivar DG 9012 was added to the experiment and the study was conducted at an additional site in Tyner, North Carolina. Four (2012) or six (2013 and 2014) wheat residue treatments were applied in the field in a randomized complete block design with five replicates. Treatments in 2012 were 0, 30, 60, and 90% residue coverage of the soil surface, while 10 and 20% residue treatments were added in 2013 and 2014. Across site-years, disease severity ranged from 0 to 50% and increased nonlinearly (P < 0.05) as residue level increased, with a rapid rise to an upper limit and showing little change in severity above 20 to 30% soil surface coverage. Residue coverage had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on disease severity in all site-years. The effect of residue coverage on yield was only significant (P < 0.05) for DG Shirley at Raleigh and Salisbury in 2012 and for DG 9012 at Salisbury in 2014. Similarly, residue coverage significantly (P < 0.05) affected thousand-kernel weight only of DG 9012 in 2014 at Raleigh and Salisbury. Our results showed that when wheat residue was sparse, small additions to residue density produced greater increases in SNB than when residue was abundant. SNB only led to effects on yield and test weight in the most disease-conducive environments, suggesting that the economic threshold for the disease may be higher than previously assumed and warrants review.

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High-temperature adult-plant resistance to stripe rust in facultative winter wheat

Crop and Pasture Science ◽

10.1071/cp16073 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 67 (10) ◽

pp. 1064 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Beyhan Akin ◽

Xian Ming Chen ◽

Alex Morgunov ◽

Nusret Zencirci ◽

Anmin Wan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Markers ◽

High Temperature ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Stripe Rust ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Puccinia Striiformis ◽

Yellow Rust ◽

Stripe Rust Resistance ◽

Adult Plant ◽

Improvement Program

Stripe (yellow) rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis Westend. f. sp. tritici Erikss., is one of the most damaging diseases in wheat and is especially damaging for winter and facultative wheat. The objective of this study was to understand stripe rust resistance in 100 wheat and facultative wheat entries from the International Winter Wheat Improvement Program by conducting experiments in a greenhouse and in four field environments in Washington State, USA, and by genotyping molecular markers linked to Yr genes. Percentages of entries resistant to the rust races at the seedling stage were: PST-17, 44%; PST-37, 32%; PST-43, 45%; PST-45, 49%; PST-116, 18%; PST-100, 17%; and PST-127, 8%. Molecular markers were positive for genes Yr9, Yr17, and Yr18 and negative for Yr5, Yr10, and Yr15. Yr18 was present in 44 entries (44%). By using the highly virulent races PST-127 and PST-100 under controlled conditions, 16 entries were shown to have high-temperature adult-plant (HTAP) resistance and resistant–moderately resistant field reactions at all four field sites. Resistant entries, especially those with HTAP resistance, were also identified in the field experiments.

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Quantitative Identification of Yellow Rust, Powdery Mildew and Fertilizer-Water Stress in Winter Wheat Using In-Situ Hyperspectral Data

Sensor Letters ◽

10.1166/sl.2014.3122 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (3) ◽

pp. 876-882 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Qingsong Guan ◽

Wenjiang Huang ◽

Jinling Zhao ◽

Liangyun Liu ◽

Dong Liang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Powdery Mildew ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Yellow Rust ◽

Hyperspectral Data ◽

Quantitative Identification

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Effect of weather factors on the release of ascospores of Uncinula necator, the cause of grape powdery mildew, in the Bordeaux region

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b99-118 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 77 (7) ◽

pp. 1044-1051 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

F Jailloux ◽

L Willocquet ◽

L Chapuis ◽

G Froidefond

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Weather Conditions ◽

Vitis Vinifera L ◽

Uncinula Necator ◽

Good Growth ◽

Bud Burst ◽

Weather Factors ◽

Average Temperature ◽

Ascospore Release

During a 5-year period (1993-1997), the release of Uncinula necator (Schweiniz) Burrill ascospores was monitored under natural conditions in the Bordeaux region. Ascospore release always began after bud burst and generally ended before blossoming. The release periods of ascospores were always associated with a rainfall higher than 2 mm, a wetting duration greater than 2.5 h, an average temperature generally above 11°C and a daily mean temperature sum from November 1 to the first ascospore release above 1100°C. There was no relation between earliness, number of ascospores released, and disease severity on grapes (Vitis vinifera L. cv. Merlot). The primary infection did not appear to be important for the increase of the powdery mildew population; on the other hand, the weather conditions of April (rainfall and temperature) seemed to strongly influence disease severity on berries by enabling good growth of the pathogen on leaves. These findings could be used to determine the optimal dates of the first fungicide treatments for powdery mildew according to the weather conditions.Key words: cleistothecia, ascospores, release, weather conditions, powdery mildew, Uncinula necator, grapevine.

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Reaction of winter wheat cultivars and breeding lines to Blumeria graminis f.sp. tritici

Plant Protection Science ◽

10.17221/2691-pps ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 42 (No. 1) ◽

pp. 15-20 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

L. Věchet

Keyword(s):

Powdery Mildew ◽

Winter Wheat ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Infection Type ◽

Specific Gene ◽

Powdery Mildew Fungus ◽

Breeding Lines ◽

Resistant Cultivars ◽

Winter Wheat Cultivars ◽

Small Plot

During 4 years, 27 cultivars and breeding lines of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) were tested in small plot experiments for resistance to powdery mildew fungus. The most resistant were Frimegu, RE9607, Runal, Asset, Folke and Wasmo. The cultivars Asta (Pm2,6) and Vlasta (Pm2,6 and another not determined specific gene or minor genes of resistance) fall into resistant cultivars. It seems that the specific genes of resistance Pm2 and Pm6 are still very effective against the present Czech population of powdery mildew on wheat. Resistance of the cultivars Hereward and Tarso, having the gene of resistance Pm8, can be ascribed to an additional undetermined gene that is effective only in mature plants. The cultivars Mikon and Ramiro with partial resistance had a higher infection type and disease severity than resistant cultivars, but lower disease severity than the susceptible cultivar Kanzler.

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