scholarly journals Retinoic Acid Mediated Downregulation of Angiotensin Type 1 Receptor Requires Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase p42/p44 and Early Growth Response Protein 1

2011 ◽  
Vol 25 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Russell Odell Snyder ◽  
Upendra Gumaste ◽  
Thomas Thekkumkara
Keyword(s):  
Retinoic Acid ◽  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Early Growth Response ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein ◽  
Angiotensin Type

scholarly journals Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli Infection Induces Expression of the Early Growth Response Factor by Activating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Cascades in Epithelial Cells

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 6217-6224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myriam de Grado ◽  
Carrie M. Rosenberger ◽  
Annick Gauthier ◽  
Bruce A. Vallance ◽  
B. Brett Finlay
Keyword(s):  
Signal Transduction ◽  
Type Iii Secretion ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Signal Transduction Pathway ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Secretion System ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
Transduction Pathway ◽  
Early Growth Response ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein

ABSTRACT Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) is an extracellular bacterial pathogen that infects the human intestinal epithelium and is a major cause of infantile diarrhea in developing countries. EPEC belongs to the group of attaching and effacing (A/E) pathogens. It uses a type III secretion system to deliver proteins into the host cell that mediate signal transduction events in host cells. We used gene array technology to study epithelial cell responses to EPEC infection at the level of gene expression. We found that EPEC induces the expression of several genes in infected HeLa cells by a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-independent mechanism, including cytokines and early growth response factor 1 (Egr-1). The transcription factor Egr-1 is an immediate-early-induced gene that is activated in most cell types in response to stress. EPEC-induced upregulation ofegr-1 is mediated by the activation of the MEK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase signal transduction pathway and is dependent on the type III secretion system. egr-1 is also induced during infection of mice by the A/E pathogenCitrobacter rodentium, suggesting that both Egr-1 and the activation of this mitogen-activated protein kinase signal transduction pathway may play a role in disease.

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