β‐lapachone Ameliorates Obesity through Enhancing Browning of White Adipose Tissue in High fat‐Diet Induced Obese Mice

Maqui (Aristotelia Chilensis) berry features a unique profile of anthocyanidins that includes high amounts of delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside-5-O-glucoside and delphinidin-3-O-sambubioside and has shown positive effects on fasting glucose and insulin levels in humans and murine models of type 2 diabetes and obesity. The molecular mechanisms underlying the impact of maqui on the onset and development of the obese phenotype and insulin resistance was investigated in high fat diet-induced obese mice supplemented with a lyophilized maqui berry. Maqui-dietary supplemented animals showed better insulin response and decreased weight gain but also a differential expression of genes involved in de novo lipogenesis, fatty acid oxidation, multilocular lipid droplet formation and thermogenesis in subcutaneous white adipose tissue (scWAT). These changes correlated with an increased expression of the carbohydrate response element binding protein b (Chrebpb), the sterol regulatory binding protein 1c (Srebp1c) and Cellular repressor of adenovirus early region 1A–stimulated genes 1 (Creg1) and an improvement in the fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) signaling. Our evidence suggests that maqui dietary supplementation activates the induction of fuel storage and thermogenesis characteristic of a brown-like phenotype in scWAT and counteracts the unhealthy metabolic impact of an HFD. This induction constitutes a putative strategy to prevent/treat diet-induced obesity and its associated comorbidities.

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Anti-Obesity Effects of Sargassum thunbergii via Downregulation of Adipogenesis Gene and Upregulation of Thermogenic Genes in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu12113325 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 3325

Author(s):

Min-Cheol Kang ◽

Hyo-Geun Lee ◽

Hyun-Soo Kim ◽

Kyung-Mo Song ◽

Yong-Gi Chun ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Obese Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Sargassum Thunbergii ◽

Fat Accumulation

Obesity is a metabolic disease characterized by an increased risk of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease. We have previously reported that compounds isolated from brown alga, Sargassum thunbergii (ST; Sargassum thunbergii (Mertens ex Roth) Kuntze), inhibit adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells. However, the in vivo anti-obesity effects of these compounds have not been previously reported. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of ST on weight loss, fat accumulation, as well as risk factors for type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. ST treatment significantly decreased body weight and fat accumulation in HFD-induced obese mice, while reducing insulin and factors related to cardiovascular diseases (triglyceride and total cholesterol) in serum. ST-induced downregulation of PPARγ in white adipose tissue, and upregulation of the thermogenic genes, UCP-1 and UCP-3, in brown adipose tissue was also observed. In addition, oral administration of ST reduced the occurrence of fatty liver, as well as the amount of white adipose tissue in HFD mice. Cumulatively, these results suggest that ST exerts anti-obesity effects and may serve as a potential anti-obesity therapeutic agent.

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Effect of Exercise Training On Autophagic Process in White Adipose Tissue of High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1184988/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Saeed Daneshyar ◽

Gholamreza Tavoosidana ◽

Fatemeh Jalali-Moghim ◽

Sadegh Amani-Shalamzari

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Exercise Training ◽

Training Program ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Intermediate Step ◽

Obese Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Protein Levels ◽

Autophagic Process

Abstract Background. Some studies have established a relationship between obesity and the autophagic process in adipose tissue. This study aimed to investigate the effect of exercise training on the autophagic process in white adipose tissue (WAT) of high fat diet-induced obese mice.Methods and Results. C57BL/6 mice were assigned into three groups included: 1) Control 2), High-Fat Diet-induced Obesity (HFD-Ob), and 3) High-Fat Diet with Exercise Training (HFD-Ex). The subjects of HFD-Ob were fed a high-fat diet for 14 weeks. The mice of HFD-Ex had eight weeks of endurance training on a treadmill in addition to having the HFD. The Real-Time–PCR and western blot methods were used to measure the mRNA and protein levels of markers of the autophagic process. HFD caused an upregulation in the factors of the autophagosome formation, including ATG5 and ATG7, LC3, and the exercise training could augment the upregulation. Further, the training program prevented the change in LAMP2 expression (a marker of autophagolysosome), which being reduced by HFD. The lysosomal clearance factors (CTSB and CTSL) were raised in HFD-Ob and differently changed in HFD-Ex.Conclusion. HFD-induced obesity promoted the early and last steps of autophagy whereas defected the intermediate-step of it. Interestingly, the exercise training enhanced the early phase of autophagy, which being increased by HFD. Further, the training program could modify the rising effect of HFD on the last step of autophagy. It seems that a part of the protective effect of exercise training on obesity-related complications may be mediated by modulating the autophagic process in white adipose tissue.

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Allium hookeri Root Extract Inhibits Adipogenesis by Promoting Lipolysis in High Fat Diet-Induced Obese Mice

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11102262 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (10) ◽

pp. 2262 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Kim ◽

Jang ◽

Lee

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Fatty Acid ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Obese Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Tissue Weight ◽

Adipose Tissue Weight ◽

Allium Hookeri

: Allium hookeri (AH) is widely consumed as a herbal medicine. It possesses biological activity against metabolic diseases. The objective of this study was to investigate effects of AH root water extract (AHR) on adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 cells and in high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. AHR inhibited lipid accumulation during adipocyte differentiation by downregulation of gene expression, such as hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and an adipogenic gene, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein-α in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Oral administration of AHR significantly suppressed body weight gain, adipose tissue weight, serum leptin levels, and adipocyte cell size in HFD-induced obese mice. Moreover, AHR significantly decreased hepatic mRNA expression levels of cholesterol synthesis genes, such as 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA reductase, sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor (SREBP)-2, and low-density lipoprotein receptor, as well as fatty acid synthesis genes, such as SREBP-1c and fatty acid synthase. Serum triglyceride levels were also lowered by AHR, likely as a result of the upregulating gene involved in fatty acid β-oxidation, carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1a, in the liver. AHR treatment activated gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ, which might have promoted HSL and LPL-medicated lipolysis, thereby reducing white adipose tissue weight. In conclusion, AHR treatment can improve metabolic alterations induced by HFD in mice by modifying expression levels of genes involved in adipogenesis, lipogenesis, and lipolysis in the white adipose tissue and liver.

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Chia oil induces browning of white adipose tissue in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology ◽

10.1016/j.mce.2020.110772 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 507 ◽

pp. 110772

Author(s):

Thamiris de Souza ◽

Simone Vargas da Silva ◽

Thaís Fonte-Faria ◽

Vany Nascimento-Silva ◽

Christina Barja-Fidalgo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Obese Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Chia Oil

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Salvianolic acid B plays an anti-obesity role in high fat diet-induced obese mice by regulating the expression of mRNA, circRNA, and lncRNA

PeerJ ◽

10.7717/peerj.6506 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

pp. e6506 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Tian An ◽

Jing Zhang ◽

Bohan Lv ◽

Yufei Liu ◽

Jiangpinghao Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Metabolic Diseases ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Salvianolic Acid B ◽

Obese Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Salvianolic Acid ◽

Resistance Pathway

Background Adipose tissue plays a central role in obesity-related metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes. Salvianolic acid B (Sal B), a water-soluble ingredient derived from Salvia miltiorrhiza, has been shown to reduce obesity and obesity-related metabolic diseases by suppressing adipogenesis. However, the role of Sal B in white adipose tissue (WAT) is not yet clear. Methods Illumina Hiseq 4000 was used to study the effects of Sal B on the expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) in epididymal white adipose tissue induced by a high fat diet in obese mice. Results RNA-Seq data showed that 234 lncRNAs, 19 circRNAs, and 132 mRNAs were differentially expressed in WAT under Sal B treatment. The up-regulated protein-coding genes in WAT of the Sal B-treated group were involved in the insulin resistance pathway, while the down-regulated genes mainly participated in the IL-17 signaling pathway. Other pathways may play an important role in the formation and differentiation of adipose tissue, such as B cell receptor signaling. Analysis of the lncRNA–mRNA network provides potential targets for lncRNAs in energy metabolism. We speculate that Sal B may serve as a potential therapeutic approach for obesity.

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Inhibition of Adipose Tissue Angiogenesis Prevents Rebound Weight Regain after Calorie Restriction Independent of Hypothalamic Melanocortin System in Obese Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Diabetes ◽

10.2337/db18-287-lb ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽

pp. 287-LB

Author(s):

HYE-JIN LEE ◽

MUN-GYU SONG ◽

NA-HEE HA ◽

BO-YEONG JIN ◽

SANG-HYUN CHOI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Adipose Tissue ◽

Calorie Restriction ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Weight Regain ◽

Obese Mice ◽

High Fat ◽

Melanocortin System

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Irisin induces white adipose tissue browning in mice as assessed by magnetic resonance imaging

Experimental Biology and Medicine ◽

10.1177/15353702211006049 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 153537022110060

Author(s):

Yue Chen ◽

Jie Ding ◽

Yufei Zhao ◽

Shenghong Ju ◽

Hui Mao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Resonance Imaging ◽

Adipose Tissue ◽

Magnetic Resonance ◽

White Adipose Tissue ◽

High Fat Diet ◽

Chow Diet ◽

Resonance Imaging ◽

High Fat ◽

White Adipocytes ◽

Fat Fraction

This study aimed to track and evaluate the effect of low-dose irisin on the browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) in mice using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) noninvasively in vivo. Mature white adipocytes extracted from mice were cultured, induced and characterized before being treated by irisin. The volume and fat fraction of WAT were quantified using MRI in normal chow diet and high fat mice after injection of irisin. The browning of cultured white adipocytes and WAT in mice were validated by immunohistochemistry and western blotting for uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and deiodinase type II (DIO2). The serum indexes were examined with high fat diet after irisin intervention. UCP1 and DIO2 in adipocytes showed increases responding to the irisin treatment. The size of white adipocytes in mice receiving irisin intervention was reduced. MRI measured volumes and fat fraction of WAT were significantly lower after Irisin treatment. Blood glucose and cholesterol levels were reduced in high fat diet mice after irisin treatment. Irisin intervention exerted browning of WAT, resulting reduction of volume and fat fraction of WAT as measured by MRI. Furthermore, it improved the condition of mice with diet-induced obesity and related metabolic disorders.

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