CONTINUOUS NON-INVASIVE OXYGEN SATURATION MONITORING IN CHILDREN WITH A NEW PULSE-OXIMETER

1983 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 228 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Swedlow ◽  
Sydney Stern
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Non Invasive

Pulse Oximetry

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Magee ◽  
Mark Tooley
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Anaesthetic Machine ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Point Of Interest ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Body Tissues ◽  
Oxygen Analyser

The pulse oximeter is a device for non-invasive, continuous measurement of oxygen saturation. As such it is arguably one of the most important intraoperative monitors at the disposal of anaesthetists, and efforts are being made to make pulse oximeters available at all operating locations throughout the world [Walker et al. 2009]. Although the device measures oxygen saturation of arterial blood, which is the physiological end point of interest, it is not a replacement for monitoring all the events which may lead to hypoxaemia; in other words it does not replace an oxygen analyser at the common gas outlet of the anaesthetic machine. Depending on the site of the probe, usually ear lobe or finger, there is a variable delay between the onset of a causative hypoxaemic event and detection of hypoxaemia by the pulse oximeter, the delay being longer the more peripherally placed is the probe. Appropriate size and design of the probe for accuracy and safety in children is important [Howell et al. 1993] and finger probes are more accurate but slower to respond than ear probes [Webb et al. 1991]. Forehead reflectance probes have been used with good results [Casati et al. 2007]. It is also true that the human eye is notoriously bad at detecting cyanosis in the range of saturations 81–85%. For additional information on Monitoring Principles see Chapter 11. It is clear, however, that in a hierarchy of monitors for anaesthesia, the pulse oximeter is indispensable. A pulse oximeter uses two separate technologies: one is plethysmography, where reproduction of the pulsatile waveform takes place; the other is spectroscopy, where absorption of light of specific wavelengths by body tissues occurs and is analysed. The spectroscopic aspects depend on the laws of Beer and Lambert, which can be combined to state that the amount of light absorbed by a substance is proportional to the thickness of the substance sample (the path length of the light) and the concentration of the substance.

AN ACCURATE CALIBRATION METHOD FOR THE MEASUREMENT OF ARTERIAL OXYGEN SATURATION USING PHOTOPLETHYSMOGRAPHY

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (01) ◽  
pp. 1550015 ◽  
Author(s):  
YONGJIAN WANG ◽  
LINA PU ◽  
DAN WU ◽  
WAN-HUA LIN ◽  
KELVIN KIAN LOONG WONG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Arterial Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Calibration Method ◽  
Optical Measurements ◽  
Arterial Oxygen ◽  
Photon Diffusion ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Model Based ◽  
Calibration Methods

The monitoring of arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) is a common practice in both clinical and home environments, and the process of monitoring can be exercised invasively or non-invasively. In the past decades, the pulse oximeter is one of the most popular non-invasive devices that use photoplethysmography (PPG) to measure SaO 2. As the pulse oximeter requires calibration prior to application in clinical practice, a significant number of calibration methods have been proposed based on experimental data collected from human volunteers. Alternatively, models may be derived from the Lambert–Beer law or the photon diffusion equation (PDE). However, most of such calibrated oximeter can only provide accurate readings of SaO 2 at high versus the low levels. We propose to apply an extra-boundary condition to solve the PDE, and then to develop a model-based calibration method that relate optical measurements to the level of SaO 2 in this work. Then, we validate our method against previous model-based methods and an oximeter simulator with higher accuracy when the level of SaO 2 is greater than 90%. In practice, our model-based method can still maintain a good performance when the level of SaO 2 decreases to 60%, thereby demonstrating high potential in the accurate evaluation of the oxygen level of patients by PPG.

974 Non-invasive transabdominal assessment of In-Utero fetal oxygen saturation in a hypoxic lamb model

2021 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. S604
Author(s):  
Kourosh Vali ◽  
Begum Kasap ◽  
Weitai Qian ◽  
Christina M. Theodorou ◽  
Tailai Lihe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Non Invasive

IoT Based Pulse Oximeter

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2946-2951
Author(s):  
G Sidhartha
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Signal Processing ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Home Treatment ◽  
Portable Devices

Abstract: In recent times, we have realized the importance of vital signs such as Oxygen saturation and heart rate i.e beats per minute (BPM) due to the covid-19 situation worldwide. SpO2 and BPM are being used as preliminary indicators for testing a person’s health, the drop in the oxygen saturation is perceived as one of the symptoms of a person suffering from coronavirus. Oximeters are portable devices that are used to measure the SpO2 and BPM of a person. Timely measurements of oxygen saturation can aid in taking preventive measures. This paper discusses the construction and development of an IoT-based pulse oximeter that is capable of transmitting the reading obtained to any remote location wirelessly. The proposed system uses Arduino as the microcontroller which is used for signal processing and Esp-01 as the Wifi platform to enable remote data transmission. The data is communicated remotely through Blynk mobile application. This project is aimed at reducing the manual effort undergone in regularly updating the oxygen saturation to the doctor, in the case of a person undergoing home treatment. Though an oximeter is not a screening te st, it is a primary indicator of a person’s health. Keywords: Heart rate, SpO2, IoT, Arduino, BLYNK server, Red, IR.

Understanding the use of pulse oximetry in COVID-19 disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (8) ◽  
pp. 312-316
Author(s):  
Paul Silverston
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximetry ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Disease Process ◽  
Clinical Findings ◽  
The Other ◽  
Know How ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Pulse Oximeters ◽  
The Way

The pandemic has led to an increase in the use of pulse oximetry to assess and manage patients with COVID-19 disease. Paul Silverston explains the principles of pulse oximetry and the factors that can affect the reliability and accuracy of readings Pulse oximetry is performed to detect and quantify the degree of hypoxia in patients with respiratory symptoms and illnesses, including patients with COVID-19 disease. Pulse oximeters are non-invasive, simple to use and inexpensive, but it is important to know how to interpret the readings in the context of the patient's symptoms and the other clinical findings. In COVID-19 disease, very small differences in the oxygen saturation reading result in significant differences in the way that the patient is managed, so it is important to be aware of the factors that can affect these readings. It is also important to appreciate that a low reading in a patient with suspected or confirmed COVID-19 disease may be the result of another disease process.

scholarly journals Effect of At-Home Bleaching on Oxygen Saturation Levels in the Dental Pulp of Maxillary Central Incisors

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Solda ◽  
Fernando Branco Barletta ◽  
José Roberto Vanni ◽  
Paula Lambert ◽  
Marcus Vinícius Reis Só ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Generalized Estimating Equations ◽  
Carbamide Peroxide ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Student’S T ◽  
Bleaching Treatment ◽  
Student’S T Test ◽  
At Home

Abstract The present study assessed oxygen saturation (SaO2) levels before, during, and after at-home bleaching treatment in the pulps of healthy maxillary central incisors. SaO2 levels were measured in 136 healthy maxillary central incisors using a pulse oximeter. The bleaching protocol consisted of 10% carbamide peroxide gel placed in individual trays and used for four hours daily for 14 days. SaO2 levels were assessed before bleaching (T0), immediately after the first session (T1), on the 7th day of treatment (T2), on the 15th day (the day following the last session) (T3), and 30 days after completion of the bleaching protocol (T4). Data were statistically analyzed using generalized estimating equations (GEE), Student’s t test (p<0.05) and Pearson’s correlation. Mean pulp SaO2 levels were 85.1% at T0, 84.9% at T1, 84.7% at T2, 84.3% at T3, and 85.0% at T4. Gradual reductions in SaO2 levels were observed, with significant differences (p<0.001) during the course of home bleaching treatment. However, 30 days after the end of the bleaching protocol, SaO2 levels returned to baseline levels. Home bleaching caused a reversible transient decrease in SaO2 levels in the pulps.

Non-invasive ventilation improves peripheral oxygen saturation and reduces fatigability of quadriceps in patients with COPD

Respirology ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 537-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey BORGHI-SILVA ◽  
Luciana DI THOMMAZO ◽  
Camila B.F. PANTONI ◽  
Renata G. MENDES ◽  
Tania DE FÁTIMA SALVINI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Invasive Ventilation ◽  
Peripheral Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Non Invasive Ventilation
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