IoT Based Pulse Oximeter

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2946-2951
Author(s):  
G Sidhartha
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Signal Processing ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Mobile Application ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Home Treatment ◽  
Portable Devices

Abstract: In recent times, we have realized the importance of vital signs such as Oxygen saturation and heart rate i.e beats per minute (BPM) due to the covid-19 situation worldwide. SpO2 and BPM are being used as preliminary indicators for testing a person’s health, the drop in the oxygen saturation is perceived as one of the symptoms of a person suffering from coronavirus. Oximeters are portable devices that are used to measure the SpO2 and BPM of a person. Timely measurements of oxygen saturation can aid in taking preventive measures. This paper discusses the construction and development of an IoT-based pulse oximeter that is capable of transmitting the reading obtained to any remote location wirelessly. The proposed system uses Arduino as the microcontroller which is used for signal processing and Esp-01 as the Wifi platform to enable remote data transmission. The data is communicated remotely through Blynk mobile application. This project is aimed at reducing the manual effort undergone in regularly updating the oxygen saturation to the doctor, in the case of a person undergoing home treatment. Though an oximeter is not a screening te st, it is a primary indicator of a person’s health. Keywords: Heart rate, SpO2, IoT, Arduino, BLYNK server, Red, IR.

Longitudinal Analysis of Continuous Pulse Oximetry as Prognostic Factor in Neonatal Respiratory Distress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Solís-García ◽  
Elena Maderuelo-Rodríguez ◽  
Teresa Perez-Pérez ◽  
Laura Torres-Soblechero ◽  
Ana Gutiérrez-Vélez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Continuous Monitoring ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Joint Models ◽  
Neonatal Icu

Objective Analysis of longitudinal data can provide neonatologists with tools that can help predict clinical deterioration and improve outcomes. The aim of this study is to analyze continuous monitoring data in newborns, using vital signs to develop predictive models for intensive care admission and time to discharge. Study Design We conducted a retrospective cohort study, including term and preterm newborns with respiratory distress patients admitted to the neonatal ward. Clinical and epidemiological data, as well as mean heart rate and saturation, at every minute for the first 12 hours of admission were collected. Multivariate mixed, survival and joint models were developed. Results A total of 56,377 heart rate and 56,412 oxygen saturation data were analyzed from 80 admitted patients. Of them, 73 were discharged home and 7 required transfer to the intensive care unit (ICU). Longitudinal evolution of heart rate (p < 0.01) and oxygen saturation (p = 0.01) were associated with time to discharge, as well as birth weight (p < 0.01) and type of delivery (p < 0.01). Longitudinal heart rate evolution (p < 0.01) and fraction of inspired oxygen at admission at the ward (p < 0.01) predicted neonatal ICU (NICU) admission. Conclusion Longitudinal evolution of heart rate can help predict time to transfer to intensive care, and both heart rate and oxygen saturation can help predict time to discharge. Analysis of continuous monitoring data in patients admitted to neonatal wards provides useful tools to stratify risks and helps in taking medical decisions. Key Points

scholarly journals Pulse Oximeter Portable

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 28-32
Author(s):  
I Putu Anna Andika ◽  
Triana Rahmawati ◽  
M. Ridha Mak’ruf
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Fault Tolerance ◽  
Data Processing ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Blood Analysis ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Risk Of Death ◽  
Processing Data ◽  
Maximum Limit

Pulse oximeter is a tool to monitor oxygen saturation in the blood (arteries) and also a person's heart rate (BPM) without having to go through blood analysis. Lack or excess of oxygen in the blood will cause illness and disruption of the body's work. At a certain level, this disease can cause the risk of death. The purpose of this study was to develop a pulse oximeter. The design of this equipment uses the MAX30102 sensor.  Then the sensor will start working and Arduino will do data processing.  Data from the MAX30102 sensor entering the I2C pin is then displayed on the TFT LCD screen.  This equipment is made portable to make it easier for users to do monitoring anytime and anywhere.This test is done by comparing modules with standard measuring instruments. From the results obtained, this equipment is worthy of use because by "Pedoman Pengujian dan Kalibrasi Alat Kesehatan” DEPKES RI tahun 2001, the maximum limit in fault tolerance was Pulse Oximeter ± 1%.

scholarly journals Just the Facts: Diagnosis and management of small bowel obstruction

CJEM ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 648-651
Author(s):  
Brit Long ◽  
Elisha Targonsky ◽  
Alex Koyfman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Small Bowel ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
Small Bowel Obstruction ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Oral Temperature ◽  
Include Blood Pressure

A 63-year-old female patient presents with abdominal pain, vomiting, and abdominal distention. She has previously had a cholecystectomy and hysterectomy. She has had no prior similar episodes, and denies fever, hematemesis, or diarrhea. She takes no medications. Vital signs include blood pressure 123/61 mm Hg, heart rate 97, oral temperature 37.2°C, respiratory rate 18, oxygen saturation 97% on room air. Her abdomen is diffusely tender and distended.

scholarly journals Clinical validation study of the SignCare Vital Signs Monitor of Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 459
Author(s):  
Leonardo Andrés Rodríguez-Salazar ◽  
Edna Magaly Gamboa-Delgado ◽  
Sherneyko Plata Rangel ◽  
Oscar Alberto Mantilla-Prada ◽  
Eugenio Sarmiento-Caraballo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Saturation Temperature ◽  
Access To Health Services ◽  
Noninvasive Blood Pressure ◽  
Qualitative Detection

Introduction: In Colombia, due to the difficult access to health services and to geographic conditions, the implementation and innovation of telemedicine technological tools is a priority. Having a validated vital signs monitor (VSM) improves proper medical treatment and diagnosis.Objective: To design and perform clinical trials for the SignCare VSM.Materials and methods: A device for continuous monitoring of electrocardiography, respiration, oxygen saturation, temperature and noninvasive blood pressure (NIBP) was designed. This device was validated in a laboratory in order to ensure a robust prototype, close to the level of commercial medical devices. Clinical trials were performed through a cross-section study with 98 patients, whose vital signs were measured using the SignCare monitor and a commercial monitor. These two measurements were compared using Pearson’s correlation coefficients.Results: There were no statistically significant differences between the results obtained with the SignCare VSM and the commercial monitor. The highest correlations were found for the following items: heart rate by electrocardiogram (r=0.844), heart rate by oxymetry (r=0.821), body temperature (r=0.895), systolic blood pressure (r=0.780), and diastolic blood pressure (r=0.811).Conclusions: The SignCare device is as reliable as the commercial monitor in the qualitative detection of morphologic alterations of electrocardiogram records, as well as in breathing, temperature, oxygen saturation and blood pressure parameters, which makes it recommendable for clinical use in adult population.

scholarly journals Internet of Things: Low Cost and Wearable SpO2 Device for Health Monitoring

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 939 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. R. Adiputra ◽  
S. Hadiyoso ◽  
Y. Sun Hariyani
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Data Transmission ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Small Dimension ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
Testing Data ◽  
Data Processor

This paper discusses a device for measuring oxygen saturation (SpO2) and heart rate as parameters of the representations of heart conditions. SpO2 device that have been made has a small dimension, wearable and high mobility with battery as the main power source. The device connects to a node MCU as a data processor and an internet network gateway to support internet of things applications. Data sent to the Internet cloud can be accessed online and real time via website for further analysis. The error rate at heart rate measurement is ± 2.8 BPM and for oxygen saturation (SpO2) is ± 1.5%. Testing data transmission delay until it can be displayed on website is 3 second that depends on internet traffic conditions.

Remote Monitoring of Patients with Hematologic Malignancies at High-Risk of Febrile Neutropenia (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maxwell Jared Kroloff ◽  
Ramin Ramezani ◽  
Holly Wilhalme ◽  
Arash Naeim
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Febrile Neutropenia ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Monitoring System ◽  
Remote Monitoring ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Hematologic Malignancies ◽  
Remote Monitoring System

BACKGROUND Febrile neutropenia represents one of the most common oncologic emergencies and is associated with significant, preventable morbidity and mortality. The vast majority of patients suffering a febrile neutropenia episode are hospitalized, resulting in significant economic cost. OBJECTIVE This exploratory study implemented a remote monitoring platform including a digital infrared thermometer and a pulse oximeter with the capability to notify providers in real-time of vital signs abnormalities that could suggest early clinical deterioration, and thereby improve upon clinical outcomes. METHODS The remote monitoring system was implemented versus standard of care vital signs monitoring in hospitalized patients with underlying hematologic malignancies complicated by a febrile neutropenia episode in order to assess both feasibility and validity of the system. RESULTS Intraclass correlation coefficient analysis (ICC), confirmed the high repeatability and accuracy of heart rate assessment (ICC= 0.856), acting as a supplement to sole, remote temperature assessment. While the sensitivity and specificity for capturing tachycardia above a rate of 100 was excellent (88% and 97% respectively), the sensitivity of the remote monitoring system capturing temperature greater than 100 degrees Fahrenheit and oxygen saturation less than 92% was 45% and 50% respectively. CONCLUSIONS Overall, this novel approach including temperature, heart rate and oxygen saturation assessment successfully provides real-time, clinically valuable feedback to providers. While the temperature and oxygen saturation lags in terms of sensitivity when compared to a standard in-hospital system, the heart rate data helps overcome some of this deficit, and as a whole, the system provides additional information that can be applied to a clinically vulnerable population. By transitioning its application to the high-risk patients in the outpatient setting, the novel system can help prevent additional healthcare utilization through early provider intervention and potentially improve outcomes.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Reflective Photoplethysmography for Detection of Heart Rate, Blood Oxygen Saturation, and Respiration Rate at Various Anatomical Locations

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1874 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally K. Longmore ◽  
Gough Y. Lui ◽  
Ganesh Naik ◽  
Paul P. Breen ◽  
Bin Jalaludin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Respiration Rate ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Ground Truth ◽  
Human Anatomy ◽  
Anatomical Location ◽  
Blood Oxygen ◽  
Blood Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Multiple Sensors

Monitoring of vital signs is critical for patient triage and management. Principal assessments of patient conditions include respiratory rate heart/pulse rate and blood oxygen saturation. However, these assessments are usually carried out with multiple sensors placed in different body locations. The aim of this paper is to identify a single location on the human anatomy whereby a single 1 cm × 1 cm non-invasive sensor could simultaneously measure heart rate (HR), blood oxygen saturation (SpO2), and respiration rate (RR), at rest and while walking. To evaluate the best anatomical location, we analytically compared eight anatomical locations for photoplethysmography (PPG) sensors simultaneously acquired by a single microprocessor at rest and while walking, with a comparison to a commercial pulse oximeter and respiration rate ground truth. Our results show that the forehead produced the most accurate results for HR and SpO2 both at rest and walking, however, it had poor RR results. The finger recorded similar results for HR and SpO2, however, it had more accurate RR results. Overall, we found the finger to be the best location for measurement of all three parameters at rest; however, no site was identified as capable of measuring all parameters while walking.

scholarly journals An Overview of Signal Processing Techniques for Remote Health Monitoring Using Impulse Radio UWB Transceiver

Sensors ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 2479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faheem Khan ◽  
Asim Ghaffar ◽  
Naeem Khan ◽  
Sung Ho Cho
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Signal Processing ◽  
Health Monitoring ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Impulse Radio ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Uwb Radar ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Signal Processing Techniques ◽  
Remote Health

Non-invasive remote health monitoring plays a vital role in epidemiological situations such as SARS outbreak (2003), MERS (2015) and the recently ongoing outbreak of COVID-19 because it is extremely risky to get close to the patient due to the spread of contagious infections. Non-invasive monitoring is also extremely necessary in situations where it is difficult to use complicated wired connections, such as ECG monitoring for infants, burn victims or during rescue missions when people are buried during building collapses/earthquakes. Due to the unique characteristics such as higher penetration capabilities, extremely precise ranging, low power requirement, low cost, simple hardware and robustness to multipath interferences, Impulse Radio Ultra Wideband (IR-UWB) technology is appropriate for non-invasive medical applications. IR-UWB sensors detect the macro as well as micro movement inside the human body due to its fine range resolution. The two vital signs, i.e., respiration rate and heart rate, can be measured by IR-UWB radar by measuring the change in the magnitude of signal due to displacement caused by human lungs, heart during respiration and heart beating. This paper reviews recent advances in IR- UWB radar sensor design for healthcare, such as vital signs measurements of a stationary human, vitals of a non-stationary human, vital signs of people in a vehicle, through the wall vitals measurement, neonate’s health monitoring, fall detection, sleep monitoring and medical imaging. Although we have covered many topics related to health monitoring using IR-UWB, this paper is mainly focused on signal processing techniques for measurement of vital signs, i.e., respiration and heart rate monitoring.

scholarly journals Accurate and safe pulse oximeter use

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 369-379
Author(s):  
Emine Pınar Martlı ◽  
Nigar Ünlüsoy Dinçer
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Pulse Oximeter ◽  
Nursing Practice ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
English Summary ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Technological Tool ◽  
Effective Use

Today, tools, the product of biomedical technology, are routinely used in healthcare practices. Accurate and effective use of these devices which provide convenience for practice and assessment of patient will provide reliable results about the patient. The use of technological devices has become widespread in nursing practice areas. Pulse oximeter, which is a technological tool, is used for the measurement of oxygen saturation which is considered among the vital signs of nursing practice. Errors made during the use of the pulse oximeter which enables the patient to be followed effectively can lead to incorrect measurements and false progress of the patient's follow-up and treatment process. It is very important for nurses to know the use of pulse oximeter devices which have become more common in recent years and the factors affecting the reliability of oxygen saturation values measured in pulse oximeter in terms of medical treatment, nursing care and patient safety. In this review, factors that may affect the reliability of the measurement of oxygen saturation with pulse oximeter and related patient safety measurements are discussed.  ​Extended English summary is in the end of Full Text PDF (TURKISH) file.   Özet Günümüzde sağlık bakım uygulamalarında teknolojik cihazlar rutin olarak kullanılmaktadır. Uygulamada ve hastanın değerlendirilmesinde kolaylık sağlayan bu cihazlarının doğru ve etkin bir şekilde kullanılması hasta hakkında güvenilir sonuçlar sağlayacaktır. Hemşirelik uygulama alanlarında da teknolojik cihazların kullanımı yaygınlaşmıştır. Temel hemşirelik uygulamaları içerisinde yer alan yaşamsal bulguların değerlendirilmesi açısından oldukça önemli olan oksijen satürasyonunun ölçümü için teknolojik bir araç olan pulse oksimetre cihazı kullanılmaktadır. Hastanın etkin bir şekilde takip edilmesini sağlayan pulse oksimetre cihazının kullanımı sırasında yapılan hatalar, yanlış ölçüm sonuçlarına ve bu doğrultuda hastanın takip ve tedavi sürecinin yanlış ilerlemesine sebep olabilmektedir. Hemşirelerin, son yıllarda kullanımı giderek yaygın hale gelen pulse oksimetre cihazlarının kullanımını ve pulse oksimetrede ölçülen oksijen satürasyonu değerinin güvenilirliğini etkileyen faktörleri bilmesi tıbbi tedavi, hemşirelik bakımı ve hasta güvenliği açısından oldukça önemlidir.  Bu derlemede, pulse oksimetre ile oksijen satürasyon ölçümü sırasında ölçümün güvenilirliğini etkileyebilecek faktörler ve bunlara yönelik hasta güvenliği önlemleri ele alınmıştır.

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