CAPILLARY BLOOD GASES ARE NOT COMPARABLE TO ARTERIAL BLOOD GASES IN A PORCINE HEMORRHAGIC SHOCK MODEL

1999 ◽  
Vol 27 (Supplement) ◽  
pp. A108
Author(s):  
Ikuya Ueta ◽  
Brian R Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Shock Model ◽  
Arterial Blood Gases ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock Model

scholarly journals Brain Damage in a New Hemorrhagic Shock Model in the Rat Using Long-Term Recovery

1990 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoichi Yamauchi ◽  
Hiroyuki Kato ◽  
Kyuya Kogure
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Brain Damage ◽  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Shock Model ◽  
Shed Blood ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Dentate Hilus ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock Model

A new shock model in the rat using hemorrhagic hypotension for production of brain damage is described. Hemorrhagic shock was induced by lowering arterial blood pressure with bleeding. The MABP was maintained at ∼25 mm Hg, accompanied by isoelectric EEG, and then shed blood was retransfused. At 1 week of recovery, morphological and 45Ca autoradiographic changes were examined. No brain damage was observed in rats after 1 min of isoelectric EEG. Mild neuronal damage in the hippocampal CA1 subfield was seen in some animals after 2 min of isoelectric EEG. Severe and consistent neuronal loss in the hippocampal CA1 subfield was recognized after 3 min of isoelectric EEG. Additional damage was also seen in the dentate hilus and the thalamus in some animals. This model can be used to study the pathophysiology of postshock brain damage and to assess new therapies following shock.

scholarly journals Fluid resuscitation-related coagulation impairment in a porcine hemorrhagic shock model

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8399
Author(s):  
Alexander Ziebart ◽  
Robert Ruemmler ◽  
Christian Möllmann ◽  
Jens Kamuf ◽  
Andreas Garcia-Bardon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hemorrhagic Shock ◽  
Fluid Resuscitation ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Shock Model ◽  
Coagulation Activity ◽  
Laboratory Parameters ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hemorrhagic Shock Model

Background Fast and effective treatment of hemorrhagic shock is one of the most important preclinical trauma care tasks e.g., in combat casualties in avoiding severe end-organ damage or death. In scenarios without immediate availability of blood products, alternate regimens of fluid resuscitation represent the only possibility of maintaining sufficient circulation and regaining adequate end-organ oxygen supply. However, the fluid choice alone may affect the extent of the bleeding by interfering with coagulation pathways. This study investigates the impact of hydroxyethyl starch (HES), gelatine-polysuccinate (GP) and balanced electrolyte solution (BES) as commonly used agents for fluid resuscitation on coagulation using a porcine hemorrhagic shock model. Methods Following approval by the State and Institutional Animal Care Committee, life-threatening hemorrhagic shock was induced via arterial blood withdrawal in 24 anesthetized pigs. Isovolumetric fluid resuscitation with either HES, GP or BES (n = 3 × 8) was performed to compensate for the blood loss. Over four hours, hemodynamics, laboratory parameters and rotational thromboelastometry-derived coagulation were analyzed. As secondary endpoint the porcine values were compared to human blood. Results All the agents used for fluid resuscitation significantly affected coagulation. We measured a restriction of laboratory parameters, clot development and clot firmness, particularly in HES- and GP-treated animals. Hemoglobin content dropped in all groups but showed a more pronounced decline in colloid-treated pigs. This effect was not maintained over the four-hour monitoring period. Conclusion HES, GP, and BEL sufficiently stabilized the macrocirculation, but significantly affected coagulation. These effects were most pronounced after colloid and particularly HES administration. Despite suitability for rapid hemodynamic stabilization, colloids have to be chosen with caution, because their molecular properties may affect coagulation directly and as a consequence of pronounced hemodilution. Our comparison of porcine and human coagulation showed increased coagulation activity in pig blood.

Evaluation of Mathematical Arterialization of Venous Blood in Intensive Care and Pulmonary Ward Patients

Respiration ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lars Pilegaard Thomsen ◽  
Anne-Christin Klein ◽  
Laura Vitali-Serdoz ◽  
Dirk Bastian ◽  
Lisha Shastri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Venous Blood ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Capillary Blood ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Altman Analysis ◽  
Arterial Blood Gases ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Capillary Sampling ◽  
Arterial Sampling

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Arterial blood gases are important when assessing acute or critically ill patients. Capillary blood and mathematical arterialization of venous blood have been proposed as alternative methods, eliminating pain and complications of arterial puncture. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> This study compares the arterial samples, arterialized venous samples, and capillary samples in ICU and pulmonary ward patients. <b><i>Method:</i></b> Ninety-one adult patients with respiratory failure were included in the analysis. Arterial, peripheral venous, and mathematically arterialized venous samples were compared in all patients using Bland-Altman analysis, with capillary samples included in 36 patients. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Overall for pH and PCO<sub>2</sub>, arterialized venous values, and in the subset of 36 patients, capillary values, compared well to arterial values and were within the pre-defined clinically acceptable differences (pH ± 0.05 and PCO<sub>2</sub> ± 0.88 kPa). For PO<sub>2</sub>, arterialized or capillary values describe arterial with similar precision (PO<sub>2</sub> arterialized −0.03, LoA −1.48 to 1.42 kPa and PO<sub>2</sub> capillary 0.82, LoA −1.36 to 3 kPa), with capillary values underestimating arterial. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> Mathematical arterialization functions well in a range of patients in an ICU and ward outside the country of development of the method. Furthermore, accuracy and precision are similar to capillary blood samples. When considering a replacement for arterial sampling in ward patients, using capillary sampling or mathematical arterialization should depend on logistic ease of implementation and use rather than improved measurements of using either technique.

scholarly journals Pathophysiology and clinical consequences of arterial blood gases and pH after cardiac arrest

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiara Robba ◽  
Dorota Siwicka-Gieroba ◽  
Andras Sikter ◽  
Denise Battaglini ◽  
Wojciech Dąbrowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Blood Gases ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Arterial Blood Gases ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Clinical Consequences

AbstractPost cardiac arrest syndrome is associated with high morbidity and mortality, which is related not only to a poor neurological outcome but also to respiratory and cardiovascular dysfunctions. The control of gas exchange, and in particular oxygenation and carbon dioxide levels, is fundamental in mechanically ventilated patients after resuscitation, as arterial blood gases derangement might have important effects on the cerebral blood flow and systemic physiology.In particular, the pathophysiological role of carbon dioxide (CO2) levels is strongly underestimated, as its alterations quickly affect also the changes of intracellular pH, and consequently influence metabolic energy and oxygen demand. Hypo/hypercapnia, as well as mechanical ventilation during and after resuscitation, can affect CO2 levels and trigger a dangerous pathophysiological vicious circle related to the relationship between pH, cellular demand, and catecholamine levels. The developing hypocapnia can nullify the beneficial effects of the hypothermia. The aim of this review was to describe the pathophysiology and clinical consequences of arterial blood gases and pH after cardiac arrest.According to our findings, the optimal ventilator strategies in post cardiac arrest patients are not fully understood, and oxygen and carbon dioxide targets should take in consideration a complex pattern of pathophysiological factors. Further studies are warranted to define the optimal settings of mechanical ventilation in patients after cardiac arrest.

Arterial Blood Gases in Pranayama Practice

1978 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 171-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Pratap ◽  
W. H. Berrettini ◽  
C. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Blood Gases ◽  
Neural Mechanism ◽  
Arterial Blood Gases ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Yogic Breathing ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Calming Effect

Pranayama is a Yogic breathing practice which is known experientially to produce a profound calming effect on the mind. In an experiment designed to determine whether the mental effects of this practice were accompanied by changes in the arterial blood gases, arterial blood was drawn from 10 trained individuals prior to and immediately after Pranayama practice. No significant changes in arterial blood gases were noted after Pranayama. A neural mechanism for the mental effects of this practice is proposed.

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