Comparative Examination of Chromosome Aberrations Produced by Gamma Irradiation of Man and Swine.

1976 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 277
Author(s):  
M. J. Gačević
1973 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. LaChance ◽  
R. D. Richard

Adult Oncopeltus fasciatus were irradiated as 7- to 8-day-old males, and as 3- to 4- or 10- to 12-day-old females with doses of 8 and 20 krad of gamma irradiation and 200 R of X-rays, respectively. Treated bugs were outcrossed to untreated bugs, and F1 progeny derived from irradiated sperm and from prophase and metaphase oocytes were studied. All treated bugs were less fertile than the controls, but none of the treatments produced full sterility. Among the F1 generation from the three types of crosses, there was no significant deviation from a 50:50 sex ratio.When F1 males were outcrossed to untreated females, only the males derived from irradiated sperm were semisterile; F1 males derived from the treated oocytes were as fertile as the controls. The semisterility of the F1 males was correlated with chromosome translocations and fragments in the spermatocytes. The virtual absence of these aberrations in the testes of F1 males derived from irradiated oocytes suggests that these aberrations are not induced in oocytes, are repaired, or are not included in the maternal pronucleus after irradiation of meiotic oocytes.


1971 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 448-453 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. G. Blaylock

AbstractChironomus riparius was used to determine whether an increased frequency of chromosome aberrations could be detected in the progeny of an aquatic organism reared in tritiated water (HTO). An increased frequency was detected in larvae whose progenitors had developed either in 250 or 500 μCi/ml of HTO (2500 to 5000 times MPC for occupational exposure). The radiosensitivity of C. riparius to acute gamma radiation was determined and compared with the results obtained with tritiated water. The frequency of aberrations produced by incorporated tritium was approximately the same as the frequency produced by an equivalent dose of chronic gamma irradiation.


2010 ◽  
Vol 49 (S 01) ◽  
pp. S64-S68
Author(s):  
E. Dikomey

SummaryIonising irradiation acts primarily via induction of DNA damage, among which doublestrand breaks are the most important lesions. These lesions may lead to lethal chromosome aberrations, which are the main reason for cell inactivation. Double-strand breaks can be repaired by several different mechanisms. The regulation of these mechanisms appears be fairly different for normal and tumour cells. Among different cell lines capacity of doublestrand break repair varies by only few percents and is known to be determined mostly by genetic factors. Knowledge about doublestrand break repair mechanisms and their regulation is important for the optimal application of ionising irradiation in medicine.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 14-31
Author(s):  
Élodie Dupey García

This article explores how the Nahua of late Postclassic Mesoamerica (1200–1521 CE) created living and material embodiments of their wind god constructed on the basis of sensory experiences that shaped their conception of this divinized meteorological phenomenon. In this process, they employed chromatic and design devices, based on a wide range of natural elements, to add several layers of meaning to the human, painted, and sculpted supports dressed in the god’s insignia. Through a comparative examination of pre-Columbian visual production—especially codices and sculptures—historical sources mainly written in Nahuatl during the viceregal period, and ethnographic data on indigenous communities in modern Mexico, my analysis targets the body paint and shell jewelry of the anthropomorphic “images” of the wind god, along with the Feathered Serpent and the monkey-inspired embodiments of the deity. This study identifies the centrality of other human senses beyond sight in the conception of the wind god and the making of its earthly manifestations. Constructing these deity “images” was tantamount to creating the wind because they were intended to be visual replicas of the wind’s natural behavior. At the same time, they referred to the identity and agency of the wind god in myths and rituals.


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