SODIUM RELATIONS IN SEEDS AND SEEDLINGS OF Sarcobatus vermiculatus

Studies have been initiated on the occurrence of vesicular–arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) in plant communities of revegetated mine spoils and undisturbed areas of the Red Desert of Wyoming. It was found that the majority of plants in undisturbed environments in this area are mycorrhizal. On disturbed sites, no mycorrhiza were encountered. Of interest for both the undisturbed and disturbed communities was the predominance of plants belonging to the family Chenopodiaceae. The major difference between the plant species encountered in each community is associated with their reproductive strategy, as well as whether the plants possessed VAM. The major species encountered on undisturbed sites are Atriplex gardneri, At. confertifolia, Ceratoides lanata, Grayia spinosa, Kochia americana, and Sarcobatus vermiculatus, all possessing mycorrhiza. Halogeton glomeratus predominated in disturbed sites and did not possess VAM. The role of VAM in both succession and reproductive strategies of plants is also discussed.

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Nitrogen addition increases fecundity in the desert shrub Sarcobatus vermiculatus

Oecologia ◽

10.1007/s00442-004-1821-y ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 143 (3) ◽

pp. 349-356 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

R. E. Drenovsky ◽

J. H. Richards

Keyword(s):

Nitrogen Addition ◽

Sarcobatus Vermiculatus ◽

Desert Shrub

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Water Relations of Artemisia tridentata ssp. wyomingensis and Sarcobatus vermiculatus in the Steppe of Southeastern Oregon

The American Midland Naturalist ◽

10.2307/2425666 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 121 (1) ◽

pp. 155 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

J. T. Romo ◽

M. R. Haferkamp

Keyword(s):

Water Relations ◽

Artemisia Tridentata ◽

Sarcobatus Vermiculatus

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Black Greasewood (Sarcobatus vermiculatus), Gray Rabbitbrush (Ericameria nauseosa), and Perennial Grass Response to Chlorsulfuron and Metsulfuron

Invasive Plant Science and Management ◽

10.1614/ipsm-08-140.1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 247-252 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Stephen F. Enloe ◽

Andrew Kniss ◽

Mark Ferrell ◽

Jordana Lafantasie ◽

Steven D. Aagard

Keyword(s):

Invasive Plants ◽

Perennial Grass ◽

Field Studies ◽

Visual Control ◽

Perennial Grasses ◽

Vegetative Cover ◽

Sarcobatus Vermiculatus ◽

Mixed Stands ◽

Invasive Weed ◽

The Impact

AbstractBlack greasewood (greasewood) and gray rabbitbrush are important shrub components of several plant communities throughout western North America. Land managers may view these species differently depending on their goals. Greasewood and gray rabbitbrush shrub communities may be invaded by several invasive plants including Russian knapweed, perennial pepperweed, hoary cress, halogeton, and several annual mustards. Metsulfuron and chlorsulfuron are commonly used for controlling these and other invasive plants, but little is known regarding their impacts on greasewood and gray rabbitbrush. Our objective was to quantify the impact of these herbicides on greasewood and gray rabbitbrush communities from both an efficacy and nontarget impact perspective. Field studies were established in the spring of 2004 and repeated twice in 2005 near Laramie, WY, in a pasture with mixed stands of greasewood and gray rabbitbrush. Treatments included metsulfuron applied at 21, 42, 63, 84, 126, and 168 g ai/ha (0.3, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2, 1.8 and 2.4 oz ai/A), chlorsulfuron applied at 52, 105, and 157 g ai/ha (0.75, 1.5 and 2.25 oz ai/A), and an untreated control. All treatments contained methylated seed oil at 2% v/v. Treatments were applied in mid-June to 3.3 by 9-m (10 by 30 ft) plots with a handheld broadcast sprayer delivering 187 L/ha (20 gal/ac) in a randomized complete block, with three blocks per study. Plots were sampled 12 and 24 mo after treatment (MAT), utilizing visual control estimates and point frame sampling for vegetative cover of greasewood, gray rabbitbrush, perennial grasses, and bare ground. Metsulfuron at 42 g/ha and chlorsulfuron at 105 g/ha provided > 75% visual control of greasewood 24 MAT. For gray rabbitbrush, metsulfuron at 63 g/ha provided approximately 60% control 24 MAT, while chlorsulfuron provided negligible control at any rate. These results suggest differential impacts of these herbicides on greasewood and gray rabbitbrush, and provide land managers with a decision tool for noxious and invasive weed control when managing for or against greasewood and gray rabbitbrush.

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Seed Germination in Relation to Salinity and Temperature in Sarcobatus Vermiculatus

Biologia Plantarum ◽

10.1023/a:1015133515568 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 45 (1) ◽

pp. 133-135 ◽

Cited By ~ 30

Author(s):

M.A. Khan ◽

B. Gul ◽

D.J. Weber

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Sarcobatus Vermiculatus

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Phenology of Salt Rabbitbrush (Chrysothamnus nauseosusssp.consimilis) and Greasewood (Sarcobatus vermiculatus)

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500039989 ◽

1981 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 448-454 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Bruce A. Roundy ◽

James A. Young ◽

Raymond A. Evans

Keyword(s):

Rapid Growth ◽

Growth Period ◽

Early Spring ◽

Herbicide Application ◽

Flower Buds ◽

Sarcobatus Vermiculatus ◽

Chrysothamnus Nauseosus ◽

Simultaneous Control ◽

Short Period ◽

Phenoxy Herbicides

Salt rabbitbrush [Chrysothamnus nauseosus(Pallas) Britt., ssp.consimilis(Greene)] and greasewood [Sarcobatus vermiculatus(Hook.) Torr.] grow slowly in early spring until mid to late May. They then begin a period of rapid growth, at which time susceptibility to foliar herbicides is probably greatest. Greasewood ceases rapid growth in mid June to early July, but salt rabbitbrush continues to grow rapidly until early August. Greasewood that resprouts after herbicide application has a longer rapid-growth period than shrubs in an untreated stand. An average leader length of 4 cm indicates that rapid growth of salt rabbitbrush is underway, and first opening of the flower buds indicates that rapid growth is over. Appearance of greasewood staminate spikes indicates that rapid growth has begun, and the first appearance of dried spikes indicates that growth has ceased. Simultaneous control of these shrubs with a single application of phenoxy herbicides may only be possible during the relatively short period when both are growing rapidly. This period may only occur from late May to mid June in some stands and years, but may occur from mid May to early July in other cases.

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Response of Four Shrub Species to Different Water Source Components in an Arid Environment

Environment and Natural Resources Research ◽

10.5539/enrr.v8n3p166 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 166 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Wagner ◽

D. A. Devitt ◽

B. Bird ◽

R. Jasoni ◽

J. A. Arnone III

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Great Basin ◽

Vadose Zone ◽

Soil Salinity ◽

Water Source ◽

Arid Environment ◽

Water Diversion ◽

Sarcobatus Vermiculatus ◽

Shrub Species ◽

Growing Period

Shrubland species in the Great Basin (USA) depend on soil water recharged from precipitation and/or groundwater for survival and growth. Climate warming and possible basin water diversion could alter the amount and timing of water availability to these plants. The objective of this study was to quantify the extent to which each of four co-occurring shrub species, big sage [Artemisia tridentata], rabbitbrush [Ericameria nauseosus], greasewood [Sarcobatus vermiculatus] and shadscale [Atriplex confertifolia)) acquired water from different sources (precipitation, soil vadose zone and/or groundwater) during a growing season. Soil salinity increased linearly with depth over the upper 1.5 m of soil, with salinity ranging from 0.84 to 31.70 dSm-1 in saturation extracts (R2=0.78, p<0.001). Changes in soil water both with depth and time during the growing period indicated that all species accessed soil water from precipitation recharge. Evapotranspiration totals for the growing period exceeded total precipitation by 137 mm, indicating that plants also used water stored deeper within the vadose zone and/or from groundwater (particularly) by the phreatophyte greasewood. Delta18O in the soil solution declined linearly with depth over the upper 100 cm (R2=0.80, p<0.001). Delta18O values in greasewood corresponded closely to Delta18O values measured deeper in the vadose zone and groundwater. Output from a mixing model indicated a decrease in groundwater reliance for greasewood from 30% in July to 2% in September, with a major shift to deeper soil water in the vadose zone (180 cm depth) (38% in July to 97% in September). Our data suggested that the four shrub species at our site were able to coexist because of their different spatial, temporal, and physiological uses of available soil water, reflecting possible water resource partitioning based on differences in response to precipitation, ability to extract water at deeper depths and variable tolerance to elevated levels of soil salinity to access groundwater.

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