Late-Life Depression as a Possible Predictor of Dementia: Cross-Sectional and Short-Term Follow-Up Results

ABSTRACTObjectives:Cognitive impairment in late-life depression is common and associated with a higher risk of all-cause dementia. Late-life depression patients with comorbid cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) or related risk factors may experience higher risks of cognitive deterioration in the short term. We aim to investigate the effect of CVDs and their related risk factors on the cognitive function of patients with late-life depression.Methods:A total of 148 participants were recruited (67 individuals with late-life depression and 81 normal controls). The presence of hypertension, coronary heart disease, diabetes mellitus, or hyperlipidemia was defined as the presence of comorbid CVDs or related risk factors. Global cognitive functions were assessed at baseline and after a one-year follow-up by the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Global cognitive deterioration was defined by the reliable change index (RCI) of the MMSE.Results:Late-life depression patients with CVDs or related risk factors were associated with 6.8 times higher risk of global cognitive deterioration than those without any of these comorbidities at a one-year follow-up. This result remained robust after adjusting for age, gender, and changes in the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) scores.Conclusions:This study suggests that late-life depression patients with comorbid CVDs or their related risk factors showed a higher risk of cognitive deterioration in the short-term (one-year follow up). Given that CVDs and their related risk factors are currently modifiable, active treatment of these comorbidities may delay rapid cognitive deterioration in patients with late-life depression.

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Predictive value of folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels in late-life depression

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.bp.107.039511 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 192 (4) ◽

pp. 268-274 ◽

Cited By ~ 131

Author(s):

Jae-Min Kim ◽

Robert Stewart ◽

Sung-Wan Kim ◽

Su-Jin Yang ◽

Il-Seon Shin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Serum Vitamin ◽

Late Life ◽

Serum Folate ◽

Vitamin B ◽

Late Life Depression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Korean People ◽

Lower Vitamin

BackgroundThe role of folate, vitamin B12 and homocysteine levels in depression is not clear.AimsTo investigate cross-sectional and prospective associations between folate, B12 and homocysteine levels and late-life depression.MethodA total of 732 Korean people aged 65 years or over were evaluated at baseline. Of the 631 persons who were not depressed, 521 (83%) were followed over a period of 2–3 years and incident depression was ascertained with the Geriatric Mental State schedule. Serum folate, serum vitamin B12 and plasma homocysteine levels were assayed at both baseline and follow-up.ResultsLower levels of folate and vitamin B12 and higher homocysteine levels at baseline were associated with a higher risk of incident depression at follow-up. Incident depression was associated with a decline in vitamin B12 and an increase in homocysteine levels over the follow-up period.ConclusionsLower folate, lower vitamin B12 and raised homocysteine levels may be risk factors for late-life depression.

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Vascular risk factors and incident late-life depression in a Korean population

The British Journal of Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/bjp.bp.105.015032 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 189 (1) ◽

pp. 26-30 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Jae-Min Kim ◽

Robert Stewart ◽

Sung-Wan Kim ◽

Su-Jin Yang ◽

Il-Seon Shin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Cognitive Function ◽

Density Lipoprotein ◽

Late Life ◽

Diagnostic Interview ◽

Affective States ◽

Late Life Depression ◽

Lower Baseline ◽

Vascular Status

BackgroundCausal relationships between vascular factors and late-life depression are controversial.AimsTo investigate prospective associations between risk factors for vascular disease and incidence of late-life depression.MethodOf 661 community participants aged 65 years or over, without depression at baseline, 521 (79%) were re-evaluated 2 years later. At baseline and follow-up, a diagnostic interview for depression was carried out and information on vascular status, disability and cognitive function was gathered.ResultsPre-existing heart disease, incident stroke and lower baseline high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level were significantly associated with incidence of late-life depression, independently of disability and cognitive function.ConclusionsThese results provide some support for a vascular aetiology of late-life depression. However, important risk factors for cerebrovascular disease such as hypertension and diabetes were not implicated, and the associations with lipid levels might still be explained by affective states earlier in life.

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Occurrence and Course of Suicidality During Short-term Treatment of Late-Life Depression

Archives of General Psychiatry ◽

10.1001/archpsyc.60.6.610 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 60 (6) ◽

pp. 610 ◽

Cited By ~ 108

Author(s):

Katalin Szanto ◽

Benoit H. Mulsant ◽

Patricia Houck ◽

Mary Amanda Dew ◽

Charles F. Reynolds

Keyword(s):

Late Life ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Late Life Depression ◽

Short Term ◽

Short Term Treatment

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Long-Term Follow-up and Phenomenologic Differences Distinguish Among Late-Onset Schizophrenia, Late-Life Depression, and Progressive Dementia

American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry ◽

10.1097/00019442-200311000-00002 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 589-594 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Peter V. Rabins ◽

Martina Lavrisha

Keyword(s):

Late Onset ◽

Late Life ◽

Late Life Depression ◽

Progressive Dementia ◽

Long Term Follow Up

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Effect of psychoeducation on short-term outcome in patients with late life depression: A randomized control trial - Protocol

Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Care ◽

10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_311_20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 3299

Author(s):

Archana Singh ◽

Shrikant Srivastava ◽

Bhupendra Singh

Keyword(s):

Randomized Control Trial ◽

Late Life ◽

Trial Protocol ◽

Late Life Depression ◽

Short Term ◽

Term Outcome ◽

Short Term Outcome ◽

Randomized Control

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Unmet care needs, care provision and patient satisfaction in patients with a late life depression: a cross-sectional study

Aging & Mental Health ◽

10.1080/13607863.2018.1426716 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 23 (4) ◽

pp. 491-497 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Frans Clignet ◽

Wim Houtjes ◽

Annemieke van Straten ◽

Pim Cuijpers ◽

Berno van Meijel

Keyword(s):

Patient Satisfaction ◽

Late Life ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Care Provision ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Late Life Depression ◽

Care Needs ◽

Cross Sectional

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Longitudinal Association Between Cognition and Depression in Patients With Late-Life Depression: A Cross-Lagged Design Study

Frontiers in Psychiatry ◽

10.3389/fpsyt.2021.577058 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 ◽

Author(s):

Zhangying Wu ◽

Xiaomei Zhong ◽

Qi Peng ◽

Ben Chen ◽

Min Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Depressive Symptoms ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Late Life ◽

Equation Model ◽

Depression Symptoms ◽

Information Processing Speed ◽

Late Life Depression ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Two Factors ◽

Longitudinal Association

Objectives: Although previous studies have extensively confirmed the cross-sectional relationship between cognitive impairment and depression in depressed elderly patients, the findings of their longitudinal associations are still mixed. The purpose of this study was to explore the two-way causal relationship between depression symptoms and cognition in patients with late-life depression (LLD).Methods: A total of 90 patients with LLD were assessed across two time points (baseline and 1-year follow up) on measures of 3 aspects of cognition and depressive symptoms. The data were then fitted to a structural equation model to examine two cross-lagged effects.Results: Depressive symptoms predicted a decline in executive function (β = 0.864, p = 0.049) but not vice versa. Moreover, depressive symptoms were predicted by a decline in scores of working memory test (β = −0.406, p = 0.023), respectively. None of the relationships between the two factors was bidirectional.Conclusion: These results provide robust evidence that the relationship between cognition and depressive symptoms is unidirectional. Depressive symptoms may be a risk factor for cognitive decline. The decrease of information processing speed predicts depressive symptoms.

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