scholarly journals Eating Behavior Traits, Weight Loss Attempts, and Vertebral Dimensions Among the General Northern Finnish Population

Spine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (21) ◽  
pp. E1264-E1271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petteri Oura ◽  
Jaakko Niinimäki ◽  
Jaro Karppinen ◽  
Marjukka Nurkkala
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Finnish Population ◽  
Vertebral Dimensions

scholarly journals Combining ecological momentary assessment, wrist-based eating detection, and dietary assessment to characterize dietary lapse: A multi-method study protocol

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 205520762098821
Author(s):  
Stephanie P Goldstein ◽  
Adam Hoover ◽  
E Whitney Evans ◽  
J Graham Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Ecological Momentary Assessment ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Ecological Momentary ◽  
Momentary Assessment ◽  
Lapse Behavior

Objectives Behavioral obesity treatment (BOT) produces clinically significant weight loss and health benefits for many individuals with overweight/obesity. Yet, many individuals in BOT do not achieve clinically significant weight loss and/or experience weight regain. Lapses (i.e., eating that deviates from the BOT prescribed diet) could explain poor outcomes, but the behavior is understudied because it can be difficult to assess. We propose to study lapses using a multi-method approach, which allows us to identify objectively-measured characteristics of lapse behavior (e.g., eating rate, duration), examine the association between lapse and weight change, and estimate nutrition composition of lapse. Method We are recruiting participants (n = 40) with overweight/obesity to enroll in a 24-week BOT. Participants complete biweekly 7-day ecological momentary assessment (EMA) to self-report on eating behavior, including dietary lapses. Participants continuously wear the wrist-worn ActiGraph Link to characterize eating behavior. Participants complete 24-hour dietary recalls via structured interview at 6-week intervals to measure the composition of all food and beverages consumed. Results While data collection for this trial is still ongoing, we present data from three pilot participants who completed EMA and wore the ActiGraph to illustrate the feasibility, benefits, and challenges of this work. Conclusion This protocol will be the first multi-method study of dietary lapses in BOT. Upon completion, this will be one of the largest published studies of passive eating detection and EMA-reported lapse. The integration of EMA and passive sensing to characterize eating provides contextually rich data that will ultimately inform a nuanced understanding of lapse behavior and enable novel interventions. Trial registration: Registered clinical trial NCT03739151; URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03739151

scholarly journals Eating behaviors and weight loss outcomes in a 12-month randomized trial of diet and/or exercise intervention in postmenopausal women

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Caitlin Mason ◽  
Jean de Dieu Tapsoba ◽  
Catherine Duggan ◽  
Ching-Yun Wang ◽  
Catherine M. Alfano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Binge Eating ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Emotional Eating ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Restrained Eating ◽  
Dietary Weight Loss ◽  
Uncontrolled Eating

Abstract Background Certain eating behaviors are common among women with obesity. Whether these behaviors influence outcomes in weight loss programs, and whether such programs affect eating behaviors, is unclear. Methods Our aim was to examine the effect of baseline eating behaviors on intervention adherence and weight among postmenopausal women with overweight or obesity, and to assess intervention effects on eating behaviors. Four hundred and 39 women (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) were randomized to 12 months of: i) dietary weight loss with a 10% weight loss goal (‘diet’; n = 118); ii) moderate-to-vigorous intensity aerobic exercise for 225 mins/week (‘exercise’; n = 117); iii) combined dietary weight loss and exercise (‘diet + exercise’; n = 117); or iv) no-lifestyle change control (n = 87). At baseline and 12 months, restrained eating, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating and binge eating were measured by questionnaire; weight and body composition were assessed. The mean change in eating behavior scores and weight between baseline and 12 months in the diet, exercise, and diet + exercise arms were each compared to controls using the generalized estimating equation (GEE) modification of linear regression adjusted for age, baseline BMI, and race/ethnicity. Results Baseline restrained eating was positively associated with change in total calories and calories from fat during the dietary intervention but not with other measures of adherence. Higher baseline restrained eating was associated with greater 12-month reductions in weight, waist circumference, body fat and lean mass. Women randomized to dietary intervention had significant reductions in binge eating (− 23.7%, p = 0.005 vs. control), uncontrolled eating (− 24.3%, p < 0.001 vs. control), and emotional eating (− 31.7%, p < 0.001 vs. control) scores, and a significant increase in restrained eating (+ 60.6%, p < 0.001 vs. control); women randomized to diet + exercise reported less uncontrolled eating (− 26.0%, p < 0.001 vs. control) and emotional eating (− 22.0%, p = 0.004 vs. control), and increased restrained eating (+ 41.4%, p < 0.001 vs. control). Women randomized to exercise alone had no significant change in eating behavior scores compared to controls. Conclusions A dietary weight loss intervention helped women modify eating behaviors. Future research should investigate optimal behavioral weight loss interventions for women with both disordered eating and obesity. Trial registration NCT00470119 (https://clinicaltrials.gov). Retrospectively registered May 7, 2007.

scholarly journals Western diet, obesity and bariatric surgery sequentially modulated anxiety, eating patterns and brain responses to sucrose in adult Yucatan minipigs

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yentl Gautier ◽  
Damien Bergeat ◽  
Yann Serrand ◽  
Noémie Réthoré ◽  
Mathilde Mahérault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Dorsal Striatum ◽  
Western Diet ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Cognitive Components ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Brain Responses ◽  
Oral Sucrose ◽  
Weight Loss Interventions

AbstractPalatable sweet/fatty foods overconsumption is a major risk factor for obesity and eating disorders, also having an impact on neuro-behavioural hedonic and cognitive components comparable to what is described for substance abuse. We hypothesized that Yucatan minipigs would show hedonic, cognitive, and affective neuro-behavioral shifts when subjected to western diet (WD) exposure without weight gain, after the onset of obesity, and finally after weight loss induced by caloric restriction with (RYGB) or without (Sham) gastric bypass. Eating behavior, cognitive and affective abilities were assessed with a spatial discrimination task (holeboard test) and two-choice feed tests. Brain responses to oral sucrose were mapped using 18F-FDG positron emission tomography. WD exposure impaired working memory and led to an “addiction-type” neuronal pattern involving hippocampal and cortical brain areas. Obesity induced anxiety-like behavior, loss of motivation, and snacking-type eating behavior. Weight loss interventions normalized the motivational and affective states but not eating behavior patterns. Brain glucose metabolism increased in gustatory (insula) and executive control (aPFC) areas after weight loss, but RYGB showed higher responses in inhibition-related areas (dorsal striatum). These results showed that diet quality, weight loss, and the type of weight loss intervention differently impacted brain responses to sucrose in the Yucatan minipig model.

scholarly journals Impact of Experimentally Induced Cognitive Dietary Restraint on Eating Behavior Traits, Appetite Sensations, and Markers of Stress during Energy Restriction in Overweight/Obese Women

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Morin ◽  
Catherine Bégin ◽  
Julie Maltais-Giguère ◽  
Alexandra Bédard ◽  
André Tchernof ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dietary Restraint ◽  
Premenopausal Women ◽  
Energy Restriction ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Experimentally Induced

Weight loss has been associated with changes in eating behaviors and appetite sensations that favor a regain in body weight. Since traditional weight loss approaches emphasize the importance of increasing cognitive dietary restraint (CDR) to achieve negative energy imbalance, it is difficult to untangle the respective contributions of energy restriction and increases in CDR on factors that can eventually lead to body weight regain. The present study aimed at comparing the effects of energy restriction alone or in combination with experimentally induced CDR on eating behavior traits, appetite sensations, and markers of stress in overweight and obese women. We hypothesized that the combination of energy restriction and induced CDR would lead to more prevalent food cravings, increased appetite sensations, and higher cortisol concentrations than when energy restriction is not coupled with induced CDR. A total of 60 premenopausal women (mean BMI: 32.0 kg/m2; mean age: 39.4 y) were provided with a low energy density diet corresponding to 85% of their energy needs during a 4-week fully controlled period. At the same time, women were randomized to either a condition inducing an increase in CDR (CDR+ group) or a condition in which CDR was not induced (CRD− group). Eating behavior traits (Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire and Food Craving Questionnaire), appetite sensations (after standardized breakfast), and markers of stress (Perceived Stress Scale; postawakening salivary cortisol) were measured before (T = 0 week) and after (T = 4 weeks) the 4-week energy restriction, as well as 3 months later. There was an increase in CDR in the CDR+ group while no such change was observed in the CDR− group (p=0.0037). No between-group differences were observed for disinhibition, hunger, cravings, appetite sensations, perceived stress, and cortisol concentrations. These results suggest that a slight increase in CDR has no negative impact on factors regulating energy balance in the context of energy restriction.

Weight loss, improved physical performance, cognitive function, eating behavior, and metabolic profile in a 12-week ketogenic diet in obese adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 64-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Mohorko ◽  
Maša Černelič-Bizjak ◽  
Tamara Poklar-Vatovec ◽  
Gašper Grom ◽  
Saša Kenig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Ketogenic Diet ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Obese Adults

scholarly journals A Pilot Study of Gut-Brain Signaling After Octreotide Therapy for Unintentional Weight Loss After Esophagectomy

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (1) ◽  
pp. e204-e216
Author(s):  
Conor F Murphy ◽  
Nicholas Stratford ◽  
Neil G Docherty ◽  
Brendan Moran ◽  
Jessie A Elliott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Symptom Burden ◽  
Octreotide Lar ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Brain Reward

Abstract Background Recurrence-free patients after esophageal cancer surgery face long-term nutritional consequences, occurring in the context of an exaggerated postprandial gut hormone response. Acute gut hormone suppression influences brain reward signaling and eating behavior. This study aimed to suppress gut hormone secretion and characterize reward responses and eating behavior among postesophagectomy patients with unintentional weight loss. Methods This pilot study prospectively studied postoperative patients with 10% or greater body weight loss (BWL) beyond 1 year who were candidates for clinical treatment with long-acting octreotide (LAR). Before and after 4 weeks of treatment, gut hormone secretion, food cue reactivity (functional magnetic resonance imaging), eating motivation (progressive ratio task), ad libitum food intake, body composition, and symptom burden were assessed. Results Eight patients (7 male, age: mean ± SD 62.8 ± 9.4 years, postoperative BWL: 15.5 ± 5.8%) participated. Octreotide LAR did not significantly suppress total postprandial plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 response at 4 weeks (P = .08). Postprandial symptom burden improved after treatment (Sigstad score median [range]: 12 [2-28] vs 8 [3-18], P = .04) but weight remained stable (pre: 68.6 ± 12.8 kg vs post: 69.2 ± 13.4 kg, P = .13). There was no significant change in brain reward system responses, during evaluation of high-energy or low-energy food pictures, nor their appeal rating. Moreover, treatment did not alter motivation to eat (P = .41) nor ad libitum food intake(P = .46). Conclusion The protocol used made it feasible to characterize the gut-brain axis and eating behavior in this cohort. Inadequate suppression of gut hormone responses 4 weeks after octreotide LAR administration may explain the lack of gut-brain pathway alterations. A higher dose or shorter interdose interval may be required to optimize the intervention.

Eating behavior tendencies among Finnish adults in relation to previous weight loss attempts

Appetite ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 150 ◽  
pp. 104650
Author(s):  
Faranak Halali ◽  
Anja Lapveteläinen ◽  
Leila Karhunen ◽  
Teuvo Kantanen
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Eating Behavior ◽  
Previous Weight Loss
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